{"id":9712,"date":"2013-04-16T14:40:11","date_gmt":"2013-04-16T11:40:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=9712"},"modified":"2013-04-16T14:40:11","modified_gmt":"2013-04-16T11:40:11","slug":"iklim-degisikligine-dur-demek-icin-sinirdayiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/iklim-degisikligine-dur-demek-icin-sinirdayiz\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine Dur Demek \u0130\u00e7in S\u0131n\u0131rday\u0131z!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

End\u00fcstri Devrimi sonras\u0131nda atmosfere a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda sald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sera gazlar\u0131, gezegenimize g\u00fcne\u015ften gelen \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geri yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde artmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. Yerk\u00fcre atmosferinin do\u011fal dengesinin bozulmas\u0131;\u00a0 buzullar\u0131n h\u0131zla erimesi, deniz seviyesinin y\u00fckselmesi, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cak ya da so\u011fuk havalar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131, f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131n, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n, kas\u0131rgalar\u0131n, sellerin ve hortumlar\u0131n artarak devam etmesi gibi iklim felaketlerini de beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mevcut de\u011fi\u015fimler bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 tahminlerden daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc iklimi olu\u015fturan bir etkenin de\u011fi\u015fimi di\u011fer t\u00fcm etkenlerin de de\u011fi\u015fimine neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu de\u011fi\u015fimlerin bir \u00f6rne\u011fi de \u015fudur: Atmosferdeki karbondioksit miktar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n da artmas\u0131na neden oluyor, artan s\u0131cakl\u0131k ise Kuzey Yar\u0131m K\u00fcredeki donmu\u015f toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 erimesine ve bunun sonucunda\u00a0 ya\u015fanacak\u00a0 felaketlerin yakla\u015fmas\u0131na sebep oluyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bu de\u011fi\u015fimlerin olu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir etken olan donmu\u015f toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131na permafrost<\/strong> denir. Bu toprak i\u00e7erisinde buzla kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k karbondioksit ve metan donmu\u015f halde bulunur\"\"<\/a>. Metan karbondioksitten yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 25 kat daha tehlikeli bir sera gaz\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek enlemli b\u00f6lgelerde uzun bir s\u00fcre 0 \u00b0C\u00a0 alt\u0131nda kalan permafrostlar \u00f6zellikle Alaska, Kanada ve Sibirya\u2019da bulunur. Kuzey Yar\u0131m K\u00fcrenin d\u00f6rtte birine yak\u0131n bir y\u00fczey alan\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re birka\u00e7 metreden birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz metreye kadar de\u011fi\u015fir. \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi karbon bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ok zengindir, \u00f6yle ki\u00a0 D\u00fcnya\u2019da\u00a0 permafrostlarda bulunan karbon oran\u0131 atmosferdekinin yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 kat\u0131 kadard\u0131r. Permafrostlar eridi\u011finde atmosfere y\u00fcksek oranda karbondioksit ve metan gaz\u0131 sal\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Oxford \u00dcniversitesi \u2013 Yer bilimleri b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden\u00a0 bilim insanlar\u0131; Sibirya\u2019da ma\u011faralardaki sark\u0131t ve dikitler \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu sark\u0131t ve dikitleri \u00fcstlerindeki permafrost tabakas\u0131n\u0131n erimesi olu\u015fturur. Bunlar\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7erek\u00a0 permafrost tabakas\u0131ndaki 500.000 senelik de\u011fi\u015fimlerini tespit etmi\u015flerdir. Buna g\u00f6re\u00a0 gezegenimizde k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hangi d\u00f6nemlerde artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da\u00a0 azald\u0131\u011f\u0131, permafrostlar\u0131n hangi s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda dondu\u011fu ve eridi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan elde edilen sonu\u00e7:\u00a0 400.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 End\u00fcstri \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemdeki s\u0131cakl\u0131ktan 1.5 \u00b0C\u00a0 fazlayd\u0131 ve bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k permafrostlar\u0131n k\u0131smen erimesine neden olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u015eu anda k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k End\u00fcstri Devrimi \u00f6ncesi de\u011ferine g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k 0.75 \u00b0C daha fazlad\u0131r. Artan s\u0131cakl\u0131kla beraber Kuzey yar\u0131m k\u00fcredeki bu donmu\u015f toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131 erimeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r;\u00a0 fakat as\u0131l tehlike yak\u0131n zamanda bundan daha s\u0131cak\u00a0 olacak\u00a0 bir D\u00fcnya\u2019da meydana gelecektir.\u00a0 IPCC (H\u00fck\u00fcmetler aras\u0131 \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Paneli) \u2018nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyimser senaryo setlerine g\u00f6re;\u00a0 D\u00fcnyan\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bu y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru 1.1\u00b0C\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ila 4\u00a0 \u00b0C\u00a0 aras\u0131\u00a0 artmas\u0131 bekleniyor, bu da normalde s\u00fcrekli donmu\u015f halde bulunan bu toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015f oranda erimesi ve y\u00fcz milyarlarca ton karbondioksit ve metan gaz\u0131n\u0131n atmosfere sal\u0131nmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. Erime ba\u015flarda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck etkiler\u00a0 yaratmayabilir,\u00a0 ancak zaman ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e atmosferdeki karbondioksit oran\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktardaki art\u0131\u015f sera etkisini h\u0131zland\u0131racak ve k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u015fu anda oldu\u011fundan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 artacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n zaten normalin \u00fcst\u00fcnde seyretti\u011fi gezegenimizde pek \u00e7ok iklim sorunu ya\u015fan\u0131yor ve iklimdeki geri beslemeler ile t\u00fcm sorunlar birbirini tetikliyor. Bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna do\u011fru iklimdeki dengenin tamam\u0131yla bozulmas\u0131 ve t\u00fcm bu de\u011fi\u015fimlerin milyonlarca y\u0131lda de\u011fil, bu kadar k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre\u00e7te ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek olmas\u0131 D\u00fcnya\u2019y\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayacak bir yola s\u00fcr\u00fckleyecektir.\u00a0 T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n engellenebilmesi ve ya\u015fanabilecek felaketlerin en aza indirgenmesi i\u00e7in k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta tedbirlerin acilen al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekiyor.\u00a0 Bundan 1.5 \u00b0C\u00a0 daha s\u0131cak bir D\u00fcnya\u2019da her \u015fey i\u00e7in \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 olabilir\u2026<\/p>\n

Yazar: Belk\u0131s G\u00f6kbulut – Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu<\/p>\n

Yay\u0131nc\u0131: Enerji Gazetesi<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.End\u00fcstri Devrimi sonras\u0131nda atmosfere a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda sald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sera gazlar\u0131, gezegenimize g\u00fcne\u015ften gelen \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geri yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde artmas\u0131na neden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9713,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[4518,4519,63,67,4520,1999,4521,4522,4523,4525,4524],"views":786,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9712"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9712"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9712\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9715,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9712\/revisions\/9715"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9713"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}