{"id":96618,"date":"2019-07-29T13:06:56","date_gmt":"2019-07-29T10:06:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=96618"},"modified":"2019-07-29T13:13:58","modified_gmt":"2019-07-29T10:13:58","slug":"plastik-posetlerin-11-bin-metre-derinlige-inme-olasiligi-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/plastik-posetlerin-11-bin-metre-derinlige-inme-olasiligi-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) ’Plastik Po\u015fetler’in 11.000 Metre Derinli\u011fe \u0130nme Olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyadaki deniz kirlili\u011fi giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcrken plastik po\u015fetler bu kirlili\u011fin ba\u015fl\u0131ca sebebi olarak g\u00f6steriliyor. Son olarak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en derin noktas\u0131 olarak bilinen B\u00fcy\u00fck Okyanus\u2019taki Mariana \u00c7ukuru\u2019nun 11 bin metre derininde plastik po\u015fete rastland\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberleri yay\u0131nland\u0131. \u00d6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sudan hafif olan plastik po\u015fetlerin okyanusun 11 bin metre derininde bulunmas\u0131 bilimsel olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr? Yalova \u00dcniversitesi M\u00fchendislik Fak\u00fcltesi Polimer M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyelerince haz\u0131rlanan rapora g\u00f6re d\u0131\u015f etkenler olmadan plastik po\u015fetlerin b\u00f6yle bir derinli\u011fe inmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz aylar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00e7evre g\u00fcndemi Mariana \u00c7ukuru\u2019nda plastik at\u0131k bulunmas\u0131 haberiydi. \u0130ddiaya g\u00f6re B\u00fcy\u00fck Okyanus\u2019ta 11 bin metre derinli\u011fe ula\u015fan Mariana \u00c7ukuru\u2019nda plastik po\u015fet g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Haliyle hem uluslararas\u0131 hem de ulusal medyada en \u00e7ok yer alan haberlerden biri olmu\u015ftu. Peki, ger\u00e7ekten hafifli\u011fi ile bilinen \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan plasti\u011fin okyanusun hem de 11 bin metre derinli\u011fine inmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc? Bu sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 Yalova \u00dcniversitesi M\u00fchendislik Fak\u00fcltesi Polimer M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Mustafa \u00d6ks\u00fcz ve Prof. Dr. H\u00fcseyin Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapor \"\"veriyor: Yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1 den d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan plastik malzemelerin tek ba\u015f\u0131na denizin bu derece alt\u0131na inmesi bilimsel olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil!<\/p>\n

Rapora g\u00f6re; okyanuslar\u0131 en \u00e7ok kirleten be\u015f \u00fclke \u00c7in, Endonezya, Filipinler, Tayland ve Vietnam\u2019\u0131n oldu\u011fu bu b\u00f6lgede bu tip plastik at\u0131klara rastlamak olas\u0131. Bu \u00fclkeler at\u0131k y\u00f6netim sistemlerine yeterli yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmad\u0131klar\u0131ndan, \u00e7\u00f6pe giden at\u0131klar \u00e7e\u015fitli yollardan denizlere kar\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.Plastiklerin yo\u011funlu\u011fu her ne kadar deniz suyunun yo\u011funlu\u011fundan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsa da katk\u0131 maddesi i\u00e7eren ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak blok halinde preslenen veya daha yo\u011fun maddelerin kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla (metal, toprak, ta\u015f vb.,) yo\u011funlu\u011fu artt\u0131r\u0131lan plastik malzemeler b\u00fcy\u00fck ve kontrols\u00fcz \u015fekilde denizlere at\u0131larak bat\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve b\u00fcy\u00fck denizlerin taban\u0131na kadar ilerleyebilmekte. Bunun yan\u0131nda deniz ekosisteminde plastiklerin y\u00fczeyinde olu\u015fan \u00e7e\u015fitli deniz bitkileri ve canl\u0131lar\u0131 da malzemenin zamanla batmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabiliyor. Yani bir plastik po\u015fet su y\u00fczeyinden kendi kendine Mariana \u00c7ukuru\u2019na kadar inemez\u2026 Ancak kas\u0131tl\u0131 veya kas\u0131ts\u0131z bir d\u0131\u015f etmen bunu sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n

En \u00e7ok rastlanan plastik t\u00fcr\u00fc olan PET\u2019in yo\u011funlu\u011fu 1\u2019den b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen film halinde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in deniz y\u00fczeyinde y\u00fczebilir. Ancak bunlar preslenip blok haline getirildiklerinde batmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. Ekonomik de\u011feri de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcnce insan\u0131n akl\u0131na \u201cbiri bunu niye yaps\u0131n?\u201d sorusu geliyor. Bunun yan\u0131nda okyanuslarda olu\u015fan dev dalgalar, \u015fiddetli r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar ve denizalt\u0131 ak\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 da plastiklerin okyanus taban\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na sebep olabiliyor.<\/p>\n

Rapor t\u00fcm bu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131mlar\u0131yla plasti\u011fin Mariana \u00c7ukuru\u2019na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli etkenin insan oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Raporun sonu\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda desteklenmesi ve e\u011fitim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile plastik ve di\u011fer d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek malzemelerin tekrar end\u00fcstriye kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evre kirlili\u011finin \u00f6nlenmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 at\u0131klardan temizlemek amac\u0131yla kurulan Avrupa Merkezli sivil toplum kurulu\u015fu Waste Free Oceans (At\u0131ks\u0131z Denizler) Vakf\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Bernard Merkx <\/strong>konu ile ilgili yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmede \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor; \u201cDenizlerimizdeki at\u0131klar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir problem. Bu at\u0131klar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck kayna\u011f\u0131 yeteri kadar geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve at\u0131k y\u00f6netimine yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmayan devletlerdir. Ancak burada \u00f6nemli olan su\u00e7lu aramak veya sansasyonel haberler yaparak, bilimsel olmayan sahneler olu\u015fturarak halk\u0131 korkutmak de\u011fildir. Bu tarz ger\u00e7eklikten uzak haberler toplum nezdinde inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaybettirerek \u00e7evreyi ve denizlerimizi koruma \u00e7abam\u0131za zarar verir. Amac\u0131m\u0131z daha bilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketim, iyi at\u0131k y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r. Waste Free Oceans t\u00fcm k\u0131talardaki organizasyonuyla at\u0131ks\u0131z denizler i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam edecek.\u201d<\/p>\n

Mariana \u00c7ukuru\u2019nda plastik po\u015fete rastlanmas\u0131 ve deniz kirlili\u011fi noktas\u0131nda oklar\u0131n bir kez daha plastik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne \u00e7evrilmesi bir alg\u0131 faaliyetidir diyen T\u00fcketici Ba\u015fvuru Merkezi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ayd\u0131n A\u011fao\u011flu<\/strong>; \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de taraf oldu\u011fu Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler T\u00fcketici Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Bildirgesi\u2019nde yer alan sekiz temel unsurdan ikisi de sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7evreye sahip olma ve e\u011fitilme hakk\u0131d\u0131r. 20’nci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda hayat\u0131m\u0131za giren ve sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 avantajlarla alternatif malzemelerin yerini alan plastik g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00e7evre d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 ilan edilmektedir. Ancak \u00e7evre ve geri kazan\u0131m konusunda e\u011fitilmi\u015f, bilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketiciler k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t, metal ve ah\u015fab\u0131n yerini alan plastikler sayesinde a\u011fa\u00e7 t\u00fcketiminin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7evrenin korundu\u011funu bilmektedir. Plastik \u00e7evreyi kirletiyor demek \u00e7ok yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7evreyi kirleten yeg\u00e2ne unsur e\u011fitilmemi\u015f, bilin\u00e7siz t\u00fcketicilerdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan taraf\u0131ndan \u201c\u00e7\u00f6p\u201d diye \u00e7evreye at\u0131lan plastiklerle hem \u00e7evresel, hem de ekonomik zarar olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Plastik at\u0131klar \u00e7\u00f6p de\u011fildir, ekonomik bir de\u011ferdir. Plasti\u011fin yerine alternatif malzemeler kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fildir, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketim ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Bug\u00fcn plastik yerine ah\u015fap ya da ka\u011f\u0131t kullan\u0131lacak olsayd\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak a\u011fa\u00e7 kesme say\u0131s\u0131 tahayy\u00fcl bile edilemezdi. Ambalajlarda metal ya da cam \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan enerji miktar\u0131n\u0131 hesaba katt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda karbon ayak izinin olduk\u00e7a koyu ve iri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm end\u00fcstrisi geli\u015ftik\u00e7e hem \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi \u00f6nlenecek hem de i\u015f alan\u0131 yarat\u0131larak ekonomik bir fayda sa\u011flanacak. \u00dcstelik plastik ithalat\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 ile \u00fclkenin cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131na da \u00f6nemli oranda katk\u0131 yap\u0131labilecek. Buradan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere sorun malzemeden \u00e7ok kullan\u0131m \u015feklinden kaynaklan\u0131yor\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Raporun sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ile ilgili de\u011ferlendirmede bulunan PAGEV Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Yavuz Ero\u011flu<\/strong> ise \u201cBilimsellikten uzak, sansasyon ama\u00e7l\u0131 haberler maalesef g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn ger\u00e7e\u011fi haline geldi. Son y\u0131llarda \u00e7evre dostu diye plastik yerine sunulan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00e7o\u011fu aksine \u00e7evre a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zararl\u0131 hammadde ve y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00fcretildi\u011fi gibi salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k riskini ve can g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tehlikesini de beraberinde getiriyor. Binlerce ki\u015finin ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yiyip i\u00e7ti\u011fi bir fastfood restoran\u0131ndaki cam bardak ne kadar temizdir? Ne kadar hastal\u0131k riski ta\u015f\u0131r? Bizden \u00f6nce o bardakta i\u00e7enlerin hepsi sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131, temizli\u011fe dikkat eden insanlar m\u0131yd\u0131? K\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda cam bardak, batt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda metal pipetler \u00e7ocuklar, ya\u015fl\u0131lar, engelliler hatta yeti\u015fkinler i\u00e7in yaralanma riski ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yor mu? Art\u0131k bilimsel ger\u00e7ekleri konu\u015fman\u0131n, \u00e7evrecilik oynamak yerine, bilimsel ger\u00e7eklerle \u00e7evreyi koruman\u0131n zaman\u0131 geldi hatta ge\u00e7iyor bile. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda baz\u0131 \u00fclkeler \u00e7evreyi korumak i\u00e7in olmazsa olan at\u0131k y\u00f6netimi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 yapmay\u0131p di\u011fer taraftan \u00e7evreci g\u00f6r\u00fcnmek i\u00e7in pipet, po\u015fet gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnleri yasakl\u0131yorlar. \u00c7evre, pop\u00fcler g\u00f6r\u00fcnmek isteyenlerin, sloganlarla kendilerini parlatt\u0131klar\u0131 bir alana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc maalesef. H\u00e2lbuki \u00e7evre bilimsel bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla korunabilir. Karbon ayak izi, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma, d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel ekonomi bunlar hep bilimin konusudur\u201d diye g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini dile getiriyor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. D\u00fcnyadaki deniz kirlili\u011fi giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcrken plastik po\u015fetler bu kirlili\u011fin ba\u015fl\u0131ca sebebi olarak g\u00f6steriliyor. Son olarak d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en derin noktas\u0131 olarak bilinen B\u00fcy\u00fck […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":96621,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[54473,54399,54470,54475,54472,54478,45956,52259,54482,1426,1471,54474,27727,44261,54479,54480,54468,42044,54481,54477,54476,54471,54483,54469,4091,40655],"views":528,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96618"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96618"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96618\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/96621"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}