{"id":8892,"date":"2013-03-27T16:43:45","date_gmt":"2013-03-27T13:43:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=8892"},"modified":"2013-03-27T16:43:45","modified_gmt":"2013-03-27T13:43:45","slug":"sanayide-enerji-tasarrufu-yontemleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/sanayide-enerji-tasarrufu-yontemleri\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Sanayide Enerji Tasarrufu Y\u00f6ntemleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Enerji tasarrufu kavram\u0131, g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zda oldu\u011fu kadar bu enerjinin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kullanan end\u00fcstriyel tesislerde de hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Tasarruf ayn\u0131 i\u015fi daha az enerji kullanarak yapmakt\u0131r. Enerji tasarrufu enerjiyi kullanmamak anlam\u0131na gelmez. Enerji tasarrufu, bilinen genel y\u00f6ntemleri, geli\u015ftirme prosed\u00fcrlerini ve yeni teknolojileri kullanarak ve sosyal hayat\u0131n standartlar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alarak enerjiyi daha etkin kullanmak<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelir. En ucuz enerji tasarruf edilen enerjidir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de enerji t\u00fcketiminin % 41\u2019i end\u00fcstriyel tesislerde, % 31\u2019i binalarda ve % 20\u2019si ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131kta meydana gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de end\u00fcstriyel tesislerde y\u0131ll\u0131k 3,7 milyon TEP<\/strong> (ton e\u015fde\u011fer petrol) denk d\u00fc\u015fen bir enerji t\u00fcketimi mevcuttur. Yap\u0131lan baz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, T\u00fcrk sanayisinde kullan\u0131lan enerjinin % 30\u2019unun tasarruf edilebilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, sanayi tesisleri i\u00e7in belli ba\u015fl\u0131 enerji tasarrufu y\u00f6ntemleri basit ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir \u015fekilde \u00f6rnekler yard\u0131m\u0131yla anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu metotlar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

1. Y\u00fcksek Verimli Motor Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dcretim sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lan end\u00fcstriyel ekipmanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, g\u00fcc\u00fc elektrik motorlar\u0131 sayesinde \u00fcretirler. Bir elektrik motorunun belirli bir g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ekti\u011fi enerji verimi ile ters orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn motorlar gibi elektrik motorlar\u0131 da kulland\u0131klar\u0131 enerjinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 mekanik enerjiye \u00e7eviremezler. Motorun mekanik g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ekilen elektrik g\u00fcc\u00fcne oran\u0131 motor verimi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve motor tipi ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re % 70 ile % 96 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir. Ayr\u0131ca k\u0131smi y\u00fckte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan motorlar\u0131n verimleri de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu verimler de motordan motora de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir motorun tam y\u00fckte verimi % 90, yar\u0131 y\u00fckte % 87 ve \u00bc y\u00fckte % 80 iken ayn\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerdeki ba\u015fka bir motorun tam y\u00fckteki verimi % 91 iken \u00bc y\u00fckte % 75 verimle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n

2. Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 Hava Sistemindeki Ka\u00e7aklar\u0131n Giderilmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>End\u00fcstriyel tesislerde kullan\u0131m\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00e7ok de\u011ferli, olmazsa olmaz kaynaklardan biri olan \u201cbas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava\u201d bu tesislerin en \u00e7ok para \u00f6dedikleri i\u015flemlerden bir tanesini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Kompres\u00f6rler bir\u00e7ok sanayi tesisinde en \u00e7ok enerji harcayan ekipmanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. Kompres\u00f6rler, kurutucular ve di\u011fer destek ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n bir y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma maliyetleri toplam y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6denen elektrik faturas\u0131n\u0131n % 70\u2019ini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r [3]. Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava sisteminde olacak bir ar\u0131za bir\u00e7ok tesiste \u00fcretimin durmas\u0131na sebep olmaktad\u0131r.\u00c7e\u015fitli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fine g\u00f6re, \u00fcretilen bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 havan\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k % 25\u2019i s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar nedeniyle kay\u0131p olmaktad\u0131r.
\n\u00d6rnek
\n\u00d6rne\u011fin y\u0131lda 4000 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir kompres\u00f6r\u00fcn bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava hatt\u0131ndaki sadece 5 mm bir delik y\u0131lda 4380 YTL maddi kayba yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava hatt\u0131ndaki bir \u00e7ok delik ve ka\u00e7ak oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek enerji kayb\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlayabiliriz.<\/p>\n

3. Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 Hava Sistemlerinde D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 Hava Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava genellikle bedava bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bu sistemlerde temel ama\u00e7 minimum kapasite ile maksimum i\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 havan\u0131n optimum kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bunun yerine kullan\u0131labilecek daha verimli, daha ucuz metotlar ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, \u00f6rne\u011fin; 6-8 barda \u00fcretilen bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7 gerektiren sistemlerde kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bilindi\u011fi gibi bas\u0131n\u00e7 y\u00fckseldikte harcanan enerji de artacakt\u0131r. Bu tip d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7larda kompres\u00f6r yerine \u201croot blower\u201d dedi\u011fimiz \u00fcfleyiciler kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Gerekirse de\u011fi\u015fik bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ekipmanlar ayr\u0131 kompres\u00f6r ve hatlardan beslenmelidir. Hatt\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131p reg\u00fclat\u00f6r kullanmak da verimi art\u0131racak ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 sebebiyle olu\u015facak s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 engelleyecektir.
\n\u00d6rnek
\nBir sanayi kurulu\u015funun bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava ihtiyac\u0131 havay\u0131 100 kPa\u2019dan 800 kPa bas\u0131nca y\u00fckselten 175 hp\u2019lik (beygir g\u00fcc\u00fc) bir kompres\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan bir inceleme sonucunda kurulu\u015fun bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n 600 kPa oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava y\u0131lda 3500 saat ortalama % 75 k\u0131smi y\u00fckte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir kompres\u00f6rden elde edilmektedir.\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n bu de\u011fere \u00e7ekilmesi ile sa\u011flanacak enerji ve para kazanc\u0131 y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 7546 YTL olarak hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

4. Kompres\u00f6r Havas\u0131n\u0131n D\u0131\u015f Ortamdan Al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda d\u0131\u015f hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir fabrika i\u00e7indeki havan\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Havan\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesiyle artar ve harcanan daha az enerji ile daha \u00e7ok hava s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma imk\u00e2n\u0131 do\u011far. Hesaplamalara g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k her 3\u00b0C\u2019lik s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131 % 1 azalmaktad\u0131r.
\n\u00d6rnek
\nBir fabrikada 225 kW g\u00fcc\u00fcnde bir kompres\u00f6r bir fabrikan\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulunmakta ve ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 20\u00b0C olan bu i\u00e7 havay\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada d\u0131\u015f havan\u0131n ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 5\u00b0C\u2019dir. Bu kompres\u00f6r y\u0131lda 3750 saat ortalama % 70 y\u00fckte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.Kompres\u00f6r\u00fcn havay\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan almas\u0131yla sa\u011flanabilecek y\u0131ll\u0131k para tasarrufu 3615 YTL olarak hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5. Is\u0131 Geri Kazan\u0131m Sistemleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

End\u00fcstriyel tesislerde bir\u00e7ok uygulama sonucunda at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 meydana gelir ve bu at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n atmosfere at\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce i\u015fletmede farkl\u0131 faydal\u0131 ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ile \u00f6nemli miktarlarda enerji ve para tasarrufu sa\u011flanabilir. Bir \u00f6rnek vermek gerekirse, elektrik t\u00fcketimini azaltmak i\u00e7in, kompres\u00f6rler bazen do\u011frudan hava ile bazen de su, ya\u011f gibi bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131ndan dola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla so\u011futulurlar. Su veya ya\u011f taraf\u0131ndan kompres\u00f6rden al\u0131nan \u0131s\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131-hava \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiricisi ile atmosfere at\u0131l\u0131r. At\u0131lan bu \u0131s\u0131 miktar\u0131 kompres\u00f6rde harcanan i\u015fin % 60\u2019\u0131 ile %90\u2019\u0131 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir. Bu at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131, k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda ortam\u0131n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, kazanda hava veya suyun \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 veya i\u015fletmede di\u011fer faydal\u0131 bir ama\u00e7 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.
\n\u00d6rnek
\n110 kW g\u00fcc\u00fcnde bir kompres\u00f6r\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn % 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 olarak at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131l\u0131rsa 66 kW\u2019l\u0131k bir \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n verece\u011fi bir \u0131s\u0131 faydal\u0131 ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

6. Yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sanayide buhar veya s\u0131cak su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli yak\u0131tlar\u0131 kullanan kazanlar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu yak\u0131tlar aras\u0131nda yerli linyit ve ithal k\u00f6m\u00fcr, do\u011falgaz, a\u011f\u0131r fuel-oil, hafif fuel-oil (kalorifer yak\u0131t\u0131), LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), motorin ve elektrik say\u0131labilir. Kazanlar\u0131n birbirine g\u00f6re enerji tasarrufu potansiyelleri ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ekonomiklikleri yak\u0131t\u0131n birim fiyat\u0131na, yak\u0131t\u0131n \u0131s\u0131l de\u011ferine ve yak\u0131t\u0131n yak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kazan\u0131n verimine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Yak\u0131t fiyatlar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli nedenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 yak\u0131tlar\u0131 kullanan kazanlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 devaml\u0131 g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirilmelidir. Bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kazanda yand\u0131ktan sonra verdi\u011fi faydal\u0131 enerjinin birim maliyeti \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

7. Kazanlarda verim artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7o\u011fu end\u00fcstriyel tesiste enerjinin \u00f6nemli miktardaki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kazanlar t\u00fcketmektedir. Bu nedenle kazanlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 optimize edilerek \u00f6nemli miktarda enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flanabilir. Bu sistemlerde yap\u0131lacak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck iyile\u015ftirmelerin enerji t\u00fcketim ve enerji maliyetlerindeki azalmada \u00f6nemli yans\u0131malar\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n

Sabit bir kazan \u0131s\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f oran\u0131 i\u00e7in, yanma veriminde olacak her % 1\u2019lik bir art\u0131\u015f, % 1\u2019lik bir yak\u0131t tasarrufu demektir. Dikkate de\u011fer miktarda bir enerji ve para tasarrufu hava-yak\u0131t kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m oran\u0131n\u0131 optimize ederek ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kazan verimini artt\u0131rarak sa\u011flanabilir. Baca gaz\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fimi ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kazan veriminin tespitinde kullan\u0131lan g\u00f6stergelerdir. Gaz analiz\u00f6rlerinin bir \u00e7o\u011fu do\u011frudan kazan verimini g\u00f6stermekle beraber baca gazlar\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fim oran\u0131n\u0131 ve yanma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

8. Kazanlarda hava-yak\u0131t oran\u0131n\u0131n optimize edilmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kazanlarda hava-yak\u0131t oran\u0131n\u0131n periyodik olarak kontrol edilip modifiye edilmesi verimi artt\u0131rman\u0131n en kolay y\u00f6ntemlerinden biridir. Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kazanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu % 10 ile % 20 aras\u0131nda bir fazla hava kullan\u0131rlar. Hava miktar\u0131n\u0131n teorik miktardan \u00e7ok fazla veya az olmas\u0131 verimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Hava-yak\u0131t oran\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f debilerinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesiyle veya \u00e7\u0131kan egzoz gazlar\u0131n\u0131n analizi ile tespit edilebilir.<\/p>\n

9. Kazanlarda yakma havas\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fletmelerde olu\u015fan at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilebilece\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerden bir tanesi de tesiste bulunan kazanlarda kullan\u0131lan yakma havas\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu enerjinin kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kazan\u0131 terk eden egzoz gazlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bir \u0131s\u0131 e\u015fanj\u00f6r\u00fc baca sistemine veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilerek egzoz gaz\u0131yla giri\u015f havas\u0131 \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yanma havas\u0131n\u0131n her 28\u00b0C s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yanma verimi de yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak % 1 oran\u0131nda artmaktad\u0131r [6]. Yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, bir tesiste atmosfere at\u0131lan \u00fcretim fazlas\u0131 14911 kg\/saat debideki buhar\u0131n (350 kPa bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve 155\u00b0C s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda), tesisteki f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n yanma havas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda y\u0131ll\u0131k 1 milyon dolar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 hesap edilmi\u015ftir. Bunun uygulanma maliyeti fazla olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in geri \u00f6deme s\u00fcresi ise sadece bir ay olarak hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r [5, 6].<\/p>\n

10.S\u0131cak ve so\u011fuk y\u00fczeylerin yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Termal yal\u0131t\u0131m, ekipman yada malzemeleri her \u015feyden \u00f6nce \u201c\u0131s\u0131 kayb\u0131ndan\u201d koruyan ve buna kar\u015f\u0131 bir diren\u00e7 sa\u011flayan malzemeler ve bile\u015fimler olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. Sistemle, \u00e7evre aras\u0131nda olan s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131, sistemden ya da sisteme olan \u0131s\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkileyici, zorlay\u0131c\u0131 kuvvetidir. S\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131 ne kadar \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fcrse, \u0131s\u0131 transfer oran\u0131 da o \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artar. Biz iki sistem aras\u0131nda meydana gelebilecek \u0131s\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yola bariyerler (engel) koyarak yava\u015flatabiliriz. Termal izolasyonlar bu nedenlerden dolay\u0131 sistemin dizayn\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynarlar ve b\u00fct\u00fcn enerji verimli sistem ve ekipmanlar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde dikkate al\u0131n\u0131rlar. Ayr\u0131ca yal\u0131t\u0131m genellikle enerji tasarrufu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u00f6nemli parametrelerden bir tanesidir.<\/p>\n

11.Y\u00fcksek verimli ayd\u0131nlatma<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ayd\u0131nlatma, insanlar\u0131n i\u015flerini g\u00fcvenli ve verimli bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fctebilmeleri i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Enerji verimli lambalar kullanmak bu a\u00e7\u0131dan at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ad\u0131mlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. Enerji verimli lambalar kullanarak verimli bir ayd\u0131nlatma elde edilir ve ayd\u0131nlatma maliyetleri \u00f6nemli miktarda azalt\u0131l\u0131r. Ayd\u0131nlatma, ABD\u2019de konutlarda kullan\u0131lan enerjinin % 7\u2019sini, ticari binalarda ise % 25\u2019ini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r [7].
\nAkkor flamanl\u0131 ampullere g\u00f6re; floresanlar yakla\u015f\u0131k % 50, kompakt floresanlar ise % 80 daha az enerji t\u00fcketmektedir. Ayd\u0131nlatma uygulamalar\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorun, halk\u0131n bu konuda yeterince bilin\u00e7li olmamas\u0131 ve verimli lambalar\u0131n ilk yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re; 1 milyon hanedeki akkor flamanl\u0131 ampullerden en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan 2 adedinin kompakt fl\u00fcoresan ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesiyle pik saatlerde ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan 160 MW g\u00fcc\u00fcndeki santral yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na gerek kalmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: M\u00fchendisim.Org<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Enerji tasarrufu kavram\u0131, g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zda oldu\u011fu kadar bu enerjinin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kullanan end\u00fcstriyel tesislerde de hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Tasarruf ayn\u0131 i\u015fi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4429,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[67,3951,12,3950,487,793],"views":6728,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8892"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8892"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8894,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8892\/revisions\/8894"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}