{"id":86568,"date":"2019-01-31T23:55:51","date_gmt":"2019-01-31T20:55:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=86568"},"modified":"2019-01-31T23:59:09","modified_gmt":"2019-01-31T20:59:09","slug":"nukleer-enerji-de-dogru-bilinen-yanlislar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/nukleer-enerji-de-dogru-bilinen-yanlislar\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) N\u00fckleer Enerji’de Do\u011fru Bilinen Yanl\u0131\u015flar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

HACETTEPE \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130 N\u00dcKLEER ENERJ\u0130 M\u00dcHEND\u0130SL\u0130\u011e\u0130 \u00d6\u011eRET\u0130M \u00dcYES\u0130 DO\u00c7. DR. \u015eULE ERG\u00dcN:\u00a0\u00a0\u201cRADYASYON G\u00dcVENL\u0130\u011e\u0130 ULUSLARARASI STANDARDLARA UYGUN YAPILIYOR\u201d<\/h1>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, Mersin\u2019de Rusya Devlet Atom Enerjisi Kurumu ROSATOM taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131m\u0131 devam eden Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali ile, n\u00fckleer santrale sahip d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda yer almaya haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor. Bilim insanlar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada giderek artan enerji ihtiyac\u0131na temiz, g\u00fcvenli ve \"\"kesintisiz \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getiren n\u00fckleer santrallere ili\u015fkin do\u011fru bilgilenmenin \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi N\u00fckleer Enerji M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Do\u00e7. Dr. \u015eule Erg\u00fcn n\u00fckleer santrallerle ilgili yanl\u0131\u015f bilinenlere a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirdi. N\u00fckleer enerji ve n\u00fckleer santrallere ili\u015fkin yayg\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi gerekti\u011fini belirten Erg\u00fcn \u201cN\u00fckleer sekt\u00f6r\u00fc son derece dinamik, kendini yenileyen, olumsuz \u00f6rneklerden ders \u00e7\u0131karan, titiz bir sekt\u00f6r. Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada n\u00fckleer santrallerin g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 uzay teknolojilerine, NASA\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik analizlerine kaynak olu\u015fturuyor. D\u00fczg\u00fcn i\u015fletildi\u011finde, d\u00fczg\u00fcn anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, d\u00fczg\u00fcn edinildi\u011finde g\u00fcvenli bir teknolojiden bahsediyoruz. Teknolojinin geli\u015fmi\u015fli\u011fine, bu geli\u015fmi\u015f teknolojinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de uygulanaca\u011f\u0131na ve n\u00fckleer teknolojiyi \u00fclkemize getirenlere g\u00fcvenmemiz gerekiyor\u201d diye konu\u015ftu. Do\u00e7. Dr. \u015eule Erg\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn yanl\u0131\u015f kabullerle ilgili a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n

N\u00dcKLEER SANTRALLERDEN \u00c7EVREYE RADYASYON SIZAR MI?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cModern n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 santrallerinin normal i\u015fleyi\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u0131\u015f radyasyon seviyesine bir etkisi yoktur. T\u00fcm n\u00fckleer santrallerde radyasyon s\u0131zmas\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 kabul g\u00f6ren tedbirler al\u0131n\u0131r. Bu tedbirlerin amac\u0131 radyasyonu insanlara ve \u00e7evreye zarar vermeyecek limitlerde tutmakt\u0131r. Santraller, i\u015fletme s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelebilecek baz\u0131 aksilik durumlar\u0131nda bile radyasyonun, b\u00fcy\u00fck koruma kab\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde kalaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde tasarlan\u0131r ve i\u015fletilirler. Hatta bu gibi durumlarda koruma kab\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde belli yerlerde bile radyasyon ve radyoaktif maddeler olmaz. \u00d6zellikle Fuku\u015fima Dai\u00e7i\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan dersler sonras\u0131 art\u0131k santrallerde koruma kab\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali\u2019ne kurulacak VVER-1200 tipi reakt\u00f6rlerde, d\u0131\u015far\u0131 radyasyon s\u0131zmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyecek bir i\u00e7 kabuk; bir de reakt\u00f6r\u00fc do\u011fal ve insan kaynakl\u0131 d\u0131\u015f etkilere kar\u015f\u0131 koruyacak d\u0131\u015f kabuk bulunacak. Yani bir de\u011fil, iki koruma kab\u0131 olacak.\u201d<\/p>\n

N\u00dcKLEER SANTRALLER TARIMI OLUMSUZ ETK\u0130LER M\u0130?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00fckleer santrallerde normal i\u015fletme s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u0131\u015far\u0131 radyasyon s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetleri olumsuz etkilenmez. N\u00fckleer santrallerin \u00e7evresinde tar\u0131msal faaliyetler s\u00fcrebilir; toprak, besin zinciri ya da canl\u0131lar herhangi bir zarar g\u00f6rmez. \u00d6rnek vermek gerekirse, bug\u00fcn Fransa ve Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri gibi d\u00fcnya tar\u0131m \u00fcretiminin ilk s\u0131ralar\u0131ndaki \u00fclkelerde n\u00fckleer santral oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. En fazla tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn ihracat\u0131 yapan ilk 8 \u00fclkenin tamam\u0131nda n\u00fckleer santraller yer al\u0131yor. Bu, Rusya i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli. Orada da n\u00fckleer santrallerin \u00e7evresinde tar\u0131msal faaliyetler, ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k devam ediyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

DEN\u0130Z YA\u015eAMI ETK\u0130LEN\u0130R M\u0130?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00fckleer santralde so\u011futucu su tamamen kapal\u0131 bir sistemin i\u00e7indedir. Sonra bu su, ba\u015fka bir kapal\u0131 sistemdeki suyu buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve elektrik, bu buhar sayesinde \u00fcretilir. Ard\u0131ndan buhar yine deniz suyu ile so\u011futulur. Deniz suyunun, kapal\u0131 sistemlerin i\u00e7inde bulunan radyasyonla temas\u0131 olmaz. Santrale b\u00fcy\u00fck pompalarla so\u011futma suyu \u00e7ekme durumunda canl\u0131lar\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmemesi i\u00e7in tedbirler al\u0131n\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle besin de\u011feri olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck canl\u0131lar\u0131n uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in denizin yap\u0131s\u0131na zarar vermeyecek \u015fekilde belli teknolojilerle tedbir al\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olacak. Deniz suyu s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmemesi i\u00e7in de gerekli tedbirler al\u0131n\u0131yor. \u00c7evre d\u00fczenlemelerinde bu limitler \u00e7ok net \u015fekilde belirtilmi\u015f durumda ve teknik olarak da basit y\u00f6ntemleri var. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sadece Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali deniz yak\u0131n\u0131na yap\u0131lmayacak. Ege\u2019de, Karadeniz\u2019de, Marmara\u2019da deniz suyu kullanan termik santraller var. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na alacak m\u00fchendislik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri zaten uygulan\u0131yor.\u201d<\/p>\n

TUR\u0130ZM END\u0130\u015eELER\u0130NE \u00c7EKYA \u00d6RNE\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00fckleer santraller, \u00fclkelerin co\u011frafi yap\u0131s\u0131na, n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011funa, enerji ihtiyac\u0131na g\u00f6re turist \u00e7eken b\u00f6lgelerin yak\u0131nlar\u0131na kurulabiliyor. Paris, New York ve Londra\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi. Bu konuda ilgin\u00e7 bir \u00f6rnek var. \u00c7ekya\u2019da Temelin N\u00fckleer Santrali, insan n\u00fcfusunun yo\u011fun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir b\u00f6lgede in\u015fa edildi. Ancak bug\u00fcn santralin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00fcney Bohemya B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde turizmde kayda de\u011fer bir art\u0131\u015f s\u00f6z konusu. \u00d6\u011frenciler, halk, turistler, \u00f6zellikle n\u00fckleer santralle ilgili bilgilendirme faaliyetleri kapsam\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeye geliyor. Yani \u015feffaf bir i\u015fletme, lisanslama ve in\u015faat s\u00fcreci, halkta ve turistte g\u00fcven uyand\u0131racakt\u0131r. Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali ile bizim \u00fclkemizde de benzer bir tecr\u00fcbe ya\u015fanabilir. \u00c7ok enteresan bir \u015fekilde Antalya b\u00f6lgesi turizm a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015fken, Mersin\u2019de turizm yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 yok denecek kadar az. N\u00fckleer santralin ekonomik canl\u0131l\u0131k ve turizm a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan faydal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, b\u00f6lgede olu\u015facak altyap\u0131n\u0131n turistik tesislerin in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n

YERL\u0130 \u0130\u015eG\u00dcC\u00dc \u0130\u015eS\u0130Z KALIR MI?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cSantralin \u00f6zellikle in\u015faat\u0131 ve s\u00f6k\u00fclmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek istihdam ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck. \u00d6zellikle reakt\u00f6rler arka arkaya in\u015fa edilece\u011fi i\u00e7in in\u015faat a\u015famas\u0131nda 10 bin ki\u015filik bir istihdamdan bahsediyoruz. Elbette Rusya\u2019dan 10 bin ki\u015fiyi getirip in\u015faatta \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak gibi bir durum olmayacak. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den i\u015fe al\u0131nabilecek ki\u015filerin maa\u015flar\u0131, sigortalar\u0131 vb. gibi maliyet analizleri yap\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130n\u015faat s\u0131ras\u0131nda sanayinin katk\u0131s\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olacak. N\u00fckleer santrale i\u015f yapan firmalarda nitelikli istihdamda art\u0131\u015f bekleniyor. Projenin haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131nda da tamam\u0131n\u0131 Ruslardan olu\u015fan bir ekiple yapmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. \u0130\u015fletme s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda yakla\u015f\u0131k 4000 ki\u015filik bir istihdam ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek. Bu ki\u015filerin n\u00fckleer santral tecr\u00fcbesi edinmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. \u00dcst y\u00f6netici ve \u00fcst teknik ki\u015filerin n\u00fckleer santrallerde 10-15 y\u0131l tecr\u00fcbeli ki\u015filer olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden belki ilk y\u0131llarda y\u00fczde y\u00fcz yerli insan kayna\u011f\u0131 olmayacak ama zamanla kendi m\u00fchendislerimiz de tecr\u00fcbe kazand\u0131k\u00e7a i\u015fletmede yerlile\u015fme artacak. \u015eimdi bile n\u00fckleer santral projesinde lisans veren, izin veren, inceleme yapan T\u00fcrk insanlar\u0131, m\u00fchendisleri, akademisyenleri, hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131, i\u015fletmecileri gibi, farkl\u0131 tecr\u00fcbelerde ve e\u011fitim seviyelerindeki T\u00fcrk insan g\u00fcc\u00fc ve eme\u011finin katk\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtmek gerek.\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. HACETTEPE \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130 N\u00dcKLEER ENERJ\u0130 M\u00dcHEND\u0130SL\u0130\u011e\u0130 \u00d6\u011eRET\u0130M \u00dcYES\u0130 DO\u00c7. DR. \u015eULE ERG\u00dcN:\u00a0\u00a0\u201cRADYASYON G\u00dcVENL\u0130\u011e\u0130 ULUSLARARASI STANDARDLARA UYGUN YAPILIYOR\u201d T\u00fcrkiye, Mersin\u2019de Rusya Devlet Atom Enerjisi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":86570,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,43],"tags":[67,1009,15243,23134,14771,25480,34931,34932,45679,34930,45678],"views":1303,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86568"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86568"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86568\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86569,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86568\/revisions\/86569"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86568"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}