{"id":8597,"date":"2013-03-21T11:02:05","date_gmt":"2013-03-21T08:02:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=8597"},"modified":"2013-03-21T11:06:56","modified_gmt":"2013-03-21T08:06:56","slug":"ulasimda-enerji-verimliligi-ve-tasarrufu-icin-yapilmasi-gerekenler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/ulasimda-enerji-verimliligi-ve-tasarrufu-icin-yapilmasi-gerekenler\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Ula\u015f\u0131mda Enerji Verimlili\u011fi Ve Tasarrufu \u0130\u00e7in Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Gerekenler&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"qtranxs-available-languages-message qtranxs-available-languages-message-en\">Sorry, this entry is only available in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8597\" class=\"qtranxs-available-language-link qtranxs-available-language-link-tr\" title=\"Turkish\">Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p><p><\/p>\n<div>\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de t\u00fcketilen enerjinin yakla\u015f\u0131k % 20\u2019si ula\u015ft\u0131rma sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Verilere g\u00f6re, bu oran % 19,7 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olup sanayi ve konut sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnden sonra \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada ula\u015ft\u0131rma yer almaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu sekt\u00f6rdeki enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k % 99\u2019unu petrol \u00fcr\u00fcnleri olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ula\u015ft\u0131rma sekt\u00f6r\u00fc bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 durumdad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sera Gaz\u0131 Etkisi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Motorlu kara ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131ndan ve otomobillerden atmosfere yay\u0131lan ve karbondioksit gaz\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran egsoz gaz\u0131, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck nedeni olarak g\u00f6sterilen sera gazlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Hava kirlili\u011fine etkisi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan demiryolunun pay\u0131 %5 iken karayollar\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131 %85\u2019tir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bitkiler \u00dczerindeki A\u011f\u0131r Metal Etkisi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Adana \u0130\u00e7el karayolu \u00fczerinden hareket halindeki ara\u00e7lardan \u00e7\u0131kan a\u011f\u0131r metallerin bitkiler \u00fczerine etkileri ( miktar olarak ) incelenmi\u015ftir. A\u011f\u0131r metaller i\u00e7in \u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011fer 0.2 mg\/kg olmas\u0131 gerekirken ;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Yola 5 metre uzakl\u0131ktaki bitkilerde : 1.85-2.17 mg\/kg<\/li>\n<li>Yola 10 metre uzakl\u0131ktaki bitkilerde : 1.8-1.23 mg\/kg<\/li>\n<li>Yola 25 metre uzakl\u0131ktaki bitkilerde : 1.9-2.13 mg\/kg<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-8598\" title=\"ulasim-da-enerji-verimliligi-ve-tasarrufu\" src=\"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/ulasim-da-enerji-verimliligi-ve-tasarrufu-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/ulasim-da-enerji-verimliligi-ve-tasarrufu-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/ulasim-da-enerji-verimliligi-ve-tasarrufu-75x50.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/ulasim-da-enerji-verimliligi-ve-tasarrufu.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer taraftan, karayolunun faydal\u0131 \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn 15 y\u0131l, demiryolunun faydal\u0131 \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn ise 30 y\u0131l oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. AB\u2019de yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re; trafik s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kazalar, hava kirlili\u011fi ve g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn sosyal ( toplumsal ) maliyetinin Birlik has\u0131las\u0131n\u0131n %4\u2019\u00fc d\u00fczeyinde oldu\u011fu, bu maliyetin y\u00fczde doksan\u0131n\u0131n ( %90) karayolu ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ULA\u015eIM S\u0130STEM\u0130NDE \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri ( \u00f6zellikle de geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler ) enerji tasarrufu y\u00f6n\u00fcnden demiryolu ve denizyoluna \u00f6nem verirken, \u00fclkemizin \u00fc\u00e7 taraf\u0131n\u0131n denizlerle \u00e7evrili olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden en verimli ve ekonomik olan deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile demiryolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkemizde ihmal edilmesi \u00fclkemize ve halk\u0131m\u0131za yap\u0131lan en b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerden birisidir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dclkemizde t\u00fcketilen petrol ve petrol \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin %95\u2019nin ithal edildi\u011fi, t\u00fcm sekt\u00f6rlerdeki petrol t\u00fcketimimizin %40 dolay\u0131nda olan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ise yaln\u0131zca karayolu ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve karayoluna dayal\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m sisteminin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 can kayb\u0131, \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi ile sosyal ve ekonomik maliyetler dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, demiryolu, denizyolu ve toplu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011fa a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verilmesinin \u00f6nemi ve zorunlulu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ula\u015ft\u0131rma sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki enerji sorunu, \u015fehir planlamac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n pay\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi uzun vadeli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerle giderilebilir. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerdeki toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma d\u00fczeyine ula\u015f\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in konunun bir b\u00fct\u00fcn halinde ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>Ara\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131nda kat edilen yolun yakla\u015f\u0131k 1\/3\u2019\u00fc i\u015fyerine gidip gelme i\u00e7indir. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ki\u015filerle ortak olarak i\u015fyerine gidip gelmeniz hem sizin hem de onlar\u0131n yak\u0131t ve ara\u00e7 giderlerini azaltacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131zda \u00f6zel arac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n yerine, tren, metro, otob\u00fcs, vapur ve bunun gibi toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tercih edin. K\u0131sa mesafeleri y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek kat edin.<\/li>\n<li>Uzun beklemelerde motorunuzu durdurun.<\/li>\n<li>\u015eehir i\u00e7i b\u00f6lgelerde ta\u015f\u0131tlarda kullan\u0131lan yak\u0131t t\u00fcketimini ve egzozdan at\u0131lan kirletici miktar\u0131n\u0131 minimize etmek i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131t h\u0131z\u0131 35\u201395 km\/saat aras\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ara\u00e7 95 km\/saat yerine 115 km\/saat h\u0131zda s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ise % 15 daha fazla yak\u0131t t\u00fcketilir.<\/li>\n<li>Motoru y\u00fcksek devirde kullanmay\u0131n ve motor devrine uygun vites kullan\u0131n Kalk\u0131\u015flarda, s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve vites de\u011fi\u015ftirirken ani gaz vermeyin.<\/li>\n<li>Arac\u0131n km.si artt\u0131k\u00e7a ve ya\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e t\u00fcketece\u011fi yak\u0131t miktar\u0131 ve egzozdan ataca\u011f\u0131 kirletici miktar\u0131 artar. Ayn\u0131 model s\u0131f\u0131r ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir ara\u00e7, 5 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir araca g\u00f6re % 30 daha az kirletici atar ve daha az yak\u0131t t\u00fcketir.<\/li>\n<li>Arac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n pencerelerini yoldayken kapal\u0131 tutun ya da hava de\u011fi\u015fimini sa\u011flayacak kadar a\u00e7\u0131n. Bu size \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yak\u0131t tasarrufu sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Arac\u0131n\u0131zda \u00fcretici firman\u0131n \u00f6nerdi\u011fi yak\u0131t\u0131 kullan\u0131n. Yak\u0131t deponuzu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 doldurmay\u0131n. Bu durum yak\u0131t s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na ve buharla\u015fma kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Arac\u0131n\u0131zda mevsimine uygun motor ya\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131n ve motor ya\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u011f filtresinin de de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekti\u011fini unutmay\u0131n. Bu hem yak\u0131t tasarrufu hem de motorun \u00f6mr\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n<li>Arac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n periyodik bak\u0131m ve ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 zaman\u0131nda yapt\u0131r\u0131n. Uygun \u015fekilde bak\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmazsa arac\u0131n\u0131zdaki mekanik sistemlerin hemen hemen hepsi yak\u0131t t\u00fcketimini art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Arac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n egzoz gaz\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerini periyodik olarak yapt\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Motor hava filtresini belirli periyotlarda temizleyin ya da de\u011fi\u015ftirin.<\/li>\n<li>Arac\u0131n yak\u0131t verimlili\u011finde lastik \u00f6nemli bir fonksiyondur yak\u0131t t\u00fcketimini % 5\u201310 aras\u0131nda etkilemektedir. Arac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n lastik bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m k\u0131lavuzunda \u00f6nerilen ayarda olmas\u0131na dikkat edin. Yeterince \u015fi\u015fmemi\u015f lastikler yak\u0131t sarfiyat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 art\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Radyal lastik kullan\u0131n. Bu lastikler \u015fehir i\u00e7inde ve \u00f6zellikle otoyolda yak\u0131t tasarrufu sa\u011flar ve daha uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcrler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>Kaynak: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.enver.org.tr\/tr\/icerik\/ulasimda\/15\" target=\"_blank\">Enver<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de t\u00fcketilen enerjinin yakla\u015f\u0131k % 20\u2019si ula\u015ft\u0131rma sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Verilere g\u00f6re, bu oran % 19,7 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olup sanayi ve konut sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnden [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[67,2091,12,442,998,3724,3725],"views":3004,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8597"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8597"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8597\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8600,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8597\/revisions\/8600"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}