{"id":82664,"date":"2018-11-29T22:26:52","date_gmt":"2018-11-29T19:26:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=82664"},"modified":"2018-11-29T22:26:52","modified_gmt":"2018-11-29T19:26:52","slug":"bm-raporu-paris-hedefleri-icin-iklim-eylemi-en-az-uc-katina-cikmali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/bm-raporu-paris-hedefleri-icin-iklim-eylemi-en-az-uc-katina-cikmali\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) BM Raporu: Paris Hedefleri \u0130\u00e7in \u0130klim Eylemi En Az \u00dc\u00e7 Kat\u0131na \u00c7\u0131kmal\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

K\u00fcresel emisyon ve iklim eylemi y\u0131ll\u0131k de\u011ferlendirmesine g\u00f6re, 2\u00b0C derece hedefinin tutturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fclkelerin \u00fc\u00e7 misli \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermesi gerekiyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

– K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C derecenin alt\u0131nda tutmak hala m\u00fcmk\u00fcn, 1,5\u00b0C derece limitini tutturma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 giderek teknik olarak azal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

– K\u00fcresel CO2 emisyonlar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

– Sera gaz\u0131 emisyon azalt\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 2030\u2019a kadar kapanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde 2\u00b0C derece hedefinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilme ihtimali son derece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck.<\/p>\n

Paris, 27 Kas\u0131m 2018 \u2013 Ulusal katk\u0131 beyanlar\u0131 iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadelede yetersiz kal\u0131rken, k\u00fcresel emisyonlar ise art\u0131yor. Ancak, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde g\u00f6r\u00fclen ivme ve hen\u00fcz kullan\u0131lmayan inovasyon ve ye\u015fil finansman potansiyeli, gerekli emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in f\u0131rsatlar sunuyor. Paris\u2019te a\u00e7\u0131klanan\u00a0Emisyon A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Raporu\u2019nda<\/a>\u00a0bu bulgular\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00e7ok kapsaml\u0131 bir iklim eylemi de\u011ferlendirmesi ve en son k\u00fcresel \"\"emisyon \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri de yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u00c7evre Program\u0131 UNEP taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan en \u00f6nemli y\u0131ll\u0131k de\u011ferlendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olan bu rapor, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131nda beklenilen emisyon d\u00fczeyleri ile 2\u00b0C\/1,5\u00b0C hedefleriyle uyumlu emisyon d\u00fczeyleri aras\u0131ndaki fark olarak tan\u0131mlanan \u201cemisyon a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201dn\u0131n nihai bir de\u011ferlendirmesini yap\u0131yor. \u00a0Raporda, ulusal emisyon azalt\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturan Ulusal Katk\u0131 Beyanlar\u0131na (NDC) dair en son rakamlara yer veriliyor. \u00a0Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi 24. Taraflar Konferans\u0131\u2019ndan (COP24) birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce sunulan rapor, k\u00fcresel emisyonlar\u0131n 53,5 GtCO2e ile tarihteki en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe ge\u00e7ece\u011fine dair herhangi bir belirti olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. Raporda yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirmeye g\u00f6re, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla (k\u00fcresel emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n %60\u2019n\u0131 te\u015fkil eden) sadece 57 \u00fclkenin emisyonlar\u0131 ini\u015fe ge\u00e7ecek.<\/p>\n

Bu analiz ve Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda sunulan ulusal katk\u0131 beyanlar\u0131nda kaydedilen geli\u015fmelerin de\u011ferlendirmesi, ulusal eylemlerin mevcut h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n Paris hedeflerinin tutturulmas\u0131nda yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 net bi\u00e7imde ortaya koyuyor. Artan emisyonlar ve geciken eylemler, bu y\u0131lki raporda emisyon a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 rakamlar\u0131n\u0131n her zamankinden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Rapora g\u00f6re, bu sonu\u00e7lara iklim eylemi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fclkelerin iddialar\u0131n\u0131 2\u00b0C hedefini tutturmak i\u00e7in 3 misli ve 1,5\u00b0C hedefi i\u00e7in 5 misli artt\u0131rmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

BM \u00c7evre Program\u0131 Direkt\u00f6r Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Joyce Msuya, \u201cIPCC raporu k\u00fcresel bir yang\u0131n alarm\u0131 ise, bu rapor da bir \u2018kundak soru\u015fturmas\u0131\u2019. Bilim bu konuda \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k; g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm t\u00fcm iddial\u0131 iklim eylemlerine ra\u011fmen, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve ivedilikle hareket etmeleri gerekiyor. Bu yang\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcrecek y\u00f6ntemler elimizin alt\u0131ndayken, biz yang\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fcklemeye devam ediyoruz.\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Rapora g\u00f6re, mevcut trendlerin devam\u0131 durumunda y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna kadar k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n 3,2\u00b0C dereceye \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zlanarak devam etmesi muhtemel.<\/p>\n

Her ne kadar rapor yazarlar\u0131 emisyon a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatman\u0131n ve k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C derece alt\u0131ndan tutman\u0131n hala m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izse de yap\u0131lan de\u011ferlendirme \u00e7ok net bir uyar\u0131 niteli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yor: Acil ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fumuz etkili ve geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 eylemlerini hala g\u00f6remiyoruz.<\/p>\n

2018 Emisyon A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Raporu, bu bo\u015flu\u011fun doldurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in iklim eyleminin nas\u0131l yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair bilgiler de i\u00e7eriyor. K\u00fcresel emisyonlar\u0131, mali politikalar\u0131 ve halihaz\u0131rdaki inovasyon h\u0131z\u0131 ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn ve alt ulusal d\u00fczeyde iklim eylemini detayl\u0131 olarak inceleyen yazarlar, raporda bahsi ge\u00e7en her bir sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn potansiyelinin en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131nda gerekli olan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc eylem t\u00fcrlerinin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir yol haritas\u0131 sunuyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eehirlerden ve eyalet ve b\u00f6lgesel y\u00f6netimlerden \u015firketlere, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar ve y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011frenim kurumlar\u0131ndan sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine kadar cesur iklim eylemi taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde bulunan devlet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerin say\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e art\u0131yor. Bu kurumlar\u0131n k\u00fcresel emisyon hedeflerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesindeki kilit rolleri ise giderek daha b\u00fcy\u00fck kabul g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Emisyon azalt\u0131m potansiyeli hakk\u0131nda birbirinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 tahminler olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, kimi uzmanlar 2030 itibar\u0131yla 19 gigaton karbon dioksit e\u015fde\u011ferinden bahsediyor. Bu rakam 2\u00b0C a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmaya yeterli.<\/p>\n

Dikkatlice tasarlanan mali politikalarla birlikte, bu potansiyel daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

BM \u00c7evre Program\u0131 Ba\u015fuzman\u0131 bilim insan\u0131 Jian Liu \u201cH\u00fck\u00fcmetler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emisyonlu alternatifleri desteklemek i\u00e7in mali politika \u00f6nlemlerini kabul ederek ve fosil yak\u0131tlara vergi getirerek, enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde do\u011fru yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011flayabilir ve karbon emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli miktarda azaltabilir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131n yani mali politikalar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbona ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in bir te\u015fvik olarak kullan\u0131lma potansiyeli g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e daha fazla kabul g\u00f6rmekte. Halihaz\u0131rda, k\u00fcresel emisyonlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak y\u00fczde 15\u2019ni kapsayan 51 adet karbon \u00fccretlendirme giri\u015fimi ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131 ya da belirlenmi\u015f durumda. T\u00fcm fosil yak\u0131t te\u015fvikleri durduruldu\u011fu takdirde, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar k\u00fcresel emisyonlarda y\u00fczde 10\u2019luk bir azalt\u0131m yap\u0131labilir. Karbon \u00fccretini do\u011fru belirlemek de \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde 70$\/ton CO2 ile y\u00fczde 40\u2019l\u0131k bir emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir\u201d diye ekledi.<\/p>\n

Bu kendini kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015f y\u00f6ntemler, politika yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n yenilik\u00e7i \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri benimsemesiyle daha da geli\u015fiyor. Raporda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu inovasyonun h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken be\u015f temel ilke de tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor: risk kabul\u00fc, ticari \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik, b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl ekonomik hizalama, hedefe y\u00f6nelik yakla\u015f\u0131mlar ve finansal tutundurman\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in uzun d\u00f6nemli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

Dokuzuncu Emisyon A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Raporu\u2019nun yaz\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in, IPCC \u00d6zel Raporu kapsam\u0131nda ve di\u011fer yak\u0131n tarihli bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda yay\u0131nlanan bilgiler de dahil olmak \u00fczere, t\u00fcm mevcut bilgiler \u00f6nde gelen uluslararas\u0131 bilim insan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.K\u00fcresel emisyon ve iklim eylemi y\u0131ll\u0131k de\u011ferlendirmesine g\u00f6re, 2\u00b0C derece hedefinin tutturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fclkelerin \u00fc\u00e7 misli \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermesi gerekiyor. – K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":82665,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[5031,41824,41822,41823,41814,67,1009,1999,41815,41819,41821,41818,41817,41820,41816,31426,1471,3184,442,5032],"views":1125,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82664"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=82664"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82664\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":82666,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/82664\/revisions\/82666"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/82665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=82664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=82664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=82664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}