{"id":72231,"date":"2018-03-08T10:48:28","date_gmt":"2018-03-08T07:48:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=72231"},"modified":"2018-03-08T10:48:28","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T07:48:28","slug":"enerji-hukukunun-anayasa-mahkemesi-kararlari-perspektifi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/enerji-hukukunun-anayasa-mahkemesi-kararlari-perspektifi\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Enerji Hukukunun, Anayasa Mahkemesi Kararlar\u0131 Perspektifi…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

T\u00fcrkiye enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren serbestle\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rekabet ortam\u0131nda \u00f6zel hukuk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6sterebilecek, mali a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, istikrarl\u0131 ve \u015feffaf bir enerji piyasas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131n hedeflendi\u011fi bu d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok yasal d\u00fczenleme ile enerji piyasas\u0131 yeniden<\/p>\n

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\u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. Yap\u0131lan bu k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fimin amac\u0131 enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve gerekli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n \u00f6zel hukuk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine tabi t\u00fczel ki\u015filer eliyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesidir. Bu d\u00f6nemden itibaren enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011frudan ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f ve bir\u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 ve global enerji \u015firketi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu \u015firketlerin yat\u0131r\u0131m karar\u0131 almalar\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli unsur \u00fclkemizin hukuk sistemine olan g\u00fcven olmu\u015ftur. Enerji Davalar\u0131 Sempozyumu\u2019nun ilki 16 May\u0131s 2017 tarihinde Ankara\u2019 da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Adli ve idari yarg\u0131ya konu olan davalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra enerji uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda tahkim, rekabet sorunlar\u0131 ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sempozyumun a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcste\u015far\u0131 Say\u0131n Fatih D\u00d6NMEZ ve Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Av. S\u00fcleyman BO\u015e\u00c7A yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131 mensuplar\u0131, kamu kurumlar\u0131 ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r temsilcilerinin bir araya geldi\u011fi programda Rusya KUTAF\u0130N Devlet \u00dcniversitesi Enerji Hukuku B\u00f6l\u00fcm Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Say\u0131n Viktoria ROMANOVA T\u00fcrkiye ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n yasal mevzuatlar\u0131 ve mevcut durum tespitlerini aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cEnerji Davalar\u0131 Sempozyumu II\u201d ise 27 Ekim 2017 tarihinde \u0130zmir\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Yarg\u0131ya konu olan davalar ve \u00e7evre davalar\u0131 sempozyumun g\u00fcndemini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. \u201cEnerji Davalar\u0131 Sempozyumu I ve II \u015firketler, kamu kurumlar\u0131 ve yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar neznin de yo\u011fun ilgiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f ve \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken konular hakk\u0131nda yol g\u00f6sterici olmu\u015ftur. Bu nedenle Enerji Davalar\u0131 Sempozyumu III\u2019 \u00fcn ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gereklili\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc—Energy Law —ENERJ\u0130 DAVALARI SEMPOZYUMU III Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Petrol ve Do\u011falgaz Piyasas\u0131 Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131-Enerji Yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131nda Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc-Enerji Piyasalar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Analizler,Liberalle\u015fme-Reg\u00fclasyon bu konular\u0131n hepsi . Grand Cevahir Otelde mercek alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131 . \u00c7i\u011fdem Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc yak\u0131ndan takip etmek suretiyle sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tespiti ile mevzuata ve uygulamaya y\u00f6nelik e\u011fitim programlar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek, enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015fmesi ve sekt\u00f6rdeki yeniliklerin takip edilmesini sa\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik yay\u0131nlar, raporlar haz\u0131rlamak, enerji politikalar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa, orta ve uzun vadede \u00fclkemiz menfaatlerine olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara yaparak politika yap\u0131c\u0131lara katk\u0131da bulunma misyonuyla hareket eden\u00a0 Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a> taraf\u0131nda \u20193.\u2019 s\u00fc \u0130stanbul’da\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 10.y\u0131l\u0131 etkinlikleri kapsam\u0131nda 27 \u015eubat 2018 tarihinde\u00a0 \u0130stanbul\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen Enerji Davalar\u0131 Sempozyumu\u2019na bizzat kat\u0131lma olana\u011f\u0131 bularak\u00a0 elektrik, do\u011falgaz ve petrol piyasalar\u0131ndaki g\u00fcncel mevzulara dair sunulan deneyim ve tebli\u011flerrin bir hayli ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu\u00a0 ve bir \u00f6zet halinde aktar\u0131lmaya de\u011fer oldu\u011funu\u00a0 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteyim . Bu arada sempozyum vas\u0131tas\u0131yla haberdar oldu\u011fum\u00a0\u00a0 Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Enerji Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 Arabuluculuk Merkezi\u2019nin\u00a0 (EHAE-ENAR), enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ya\u015fanan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetle enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne ve enerji hukukuna hakim arabulucular taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi amac\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f oldu\u011funun\u00a0 bilgsinden de s\u00f6zetmeliyim.<\/p>\n

Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Av. S\u00fcleyman Bo\u015f\u00e7a\u2019n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f Konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Moderat\u00f6rl\u011fn\u00fc Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden\u00a0 Cengiz G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 – Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131) bal\u0131kl\u0131 1.Oturumun konumac\u0131lar\u0131 Dr. Evren Altay – Anayasa Mahkemesi Raport\u00f6r\u00fc ,Av.Mehmet Feridun \u0130zgi – F\u0131rat \u0130zgi Avukatl\u0131k Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Av.Mert Karamustafao\u011flu-Erdem&Erdem Hukuk B\u00fcrosu ve Av. Mehtap Poyraz – Meram Eda\u015f Hukuk \u0130\u015fleri M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc idi. \u00a0Moderat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0 Do\u00e7 Dr \u0130brahim Ermenek\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 2. Oturum\u2019un konu ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise \u00a0(Petrol ve Do\u011falgaz Piyasas\u0131 Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131) idi ve\u00a0 knumac\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131yla Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Av. Abdullah Belet – \u0130GDA\u015e Hukuk\u0130\u015fleri M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Yrd.Do\u00e7.K\u00fcr\u015fat karauz – Akdeniz \u00dcniversitesi Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi \u0130lker Fatih K\u0131l _ Balc\u0131o\u011flu Sel\u00e7uk Akman Keki Hukuk B\u00fcrosu Av.Dr.Zuhal Bereket Ba\u015f – Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc idi.<\/p>\n

Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden\u00a0 Cengiz G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019, Enerji Hukuku\u2019nun\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye de 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri geli\u015fen disiplinleraras\u0131 dinamizmi y\u00fcksek bir alan oldu\u011fundan gerek \u00fcretim gerekse ticari sektr\u00f6lrde\u00a0 piyasadaki oyuncular\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131s\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 da\u011f\u0131r\u0131m iletim taraf\u0131nda regl\u00fcasyona tabi uyusmazl\u0131klar\u0131n giderek daha da art\u0131 kaydetti\u011fini belirken\u00a0 uyusmazl\u0131kar\u0131n ekseriya\u00a0 \u00c7ED konular\u0131 Temik santralleri ,\u00a0 Tarifeler konusu , Kamulast\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik ve regulasyon rsikleriyle ilgili olduguna de\u011findi. D\u00fczenlemeler s\u0131ras\u0131nda etki analizi yap\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131n problem oldu\u011funa de\u011finen G\u00fcne\u015f, yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n \u015fikayetlerinin de genelde geriye y\u00f6nelik d\u00fczenlemelere ait oldu\u011funu kaydetti. ; elektri\u011fin yeterli, kaliteli, s\u00fcrekli, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli ve \u00e7evreyle uyumlu bir \u015fekilde t\u00fcketicilerin kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, rekabet ortam\u0131nda \u00f6zel hukuk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6steren, mali a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, istikrarl\u0131 ve \u015feffaf bir elektrik enerjisi piyasas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve bu piyasada ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir d\u00fczenleme ve denetimin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan 6446 say\u0131l\u0131 Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunun 16. Maddesi yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar ve yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda usul de ge\u00e7en idari para cezas\u0131 vb uygulamalara y\u00f6nelik kanunda alt detaya inilmedi\u011fi icin hafif fiil i\u00e7in a\u011f\u0131r ceza ve yapt\u0131r\u0131m olmas\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 ve fiili idari yaptu\u0131mlar aras\u0131 uyumsuzluk sorunu oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Devletin \u015feklini, yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, organ ve , organlar\u0131n g\u00f6rev sorumluluk\u00a0 ve yetkileriyle\u00a0 birbirleriyle olan ili\u015fkilerini, devletin temel kurumlar\u0131n\u0131, yasama- y\u00fcr\u00fctme-yarg\u0131 erklerinin olu\u015fumunu, i\u015flev ve i\u015fleyi\u015flerini, bireylerin temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerini d\u00fczenleyen hukuk kurallar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan, Siyaset Bilimi ile yak\u0131n ili\u015fkisi bulunan ve Kamu hukukunun bir dal\u0131 olan Anayasa Hukuku meseleleri sempozyumun \u00f6nemli konularndan biriydi. \u00a0Bu nedenle bu sempozyum s\u0131ras\u0131nda konusulan konulardan AYM ile ilgili olanlar bu makalenin konusu olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

27 \u015eubat 2018 tarihinde Grand Cevahir Hotel \u0130stanbul\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Enerji Davalar\u0131 Sempozyumu III\u201dde “\u0130dari Yarg\u0131 Kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Uygulanmamas\u0131ndan Do\u011fan Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar” ve “G\u00f6revden Uzakla\u015ft\u0131rma” adl\u0131 iki kitab\u0131 ve idare hukuku ile anayasa yarg\u0131s\u0131 alanlar\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitli makaleleri\u00a0bulunan 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130dari Yarg\u0131 Hakim Adayl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda Dan\u0131\u015ftay Tetkik Hakimli\u011fine atand\u0131ktan ve . Dan\u0131\u015ftay Be\u015finci ve Birinci Dairelerinde g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131ktan sonra 11.06.2004 tarihinde Anayasa Mahkemesi Raport\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne atanm\u0131\u015f olan .Dr. Evren Altay\u00a0 konu\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda Anayasa Mahkemesinin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 sunarken Anayasya Ayk\u0131\u0131l\u0131k \u0130ddialar\u0131 ile ilgili\u00a0 Batman ili s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bulunan Hasankeyf\u2019e \u00a0Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 ve HES yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla ilgili\u00a0 AYM\u2019nin s\u00f6zkonusu\u00a0 yap\u0131m i\u015finin, dava konusu kural taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bir husus olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle bu kapsamda denetime konu yap\u0131labilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Belirlenen il\u00e7e merkezi (Hasankeyf) ve belediye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6resel gereksinimlere uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirip ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmedi\u011fi bir siyasi tercih sorunu olarak kanun koyucunun takdirinde bulundu\u011fundan bu husus, yerindelik denetimi kapsam\u0131nda olup anayasa yarg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n denetiminin konusu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmaktad\u0131r.\u201d \u015eeklindeki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne paralel\u00a0 a\u0131klamalarda bulundu.<\/p>\n

Akkuyu\u2019da n\u00fckleer santral kurulmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin T\u00fcrkiye ve Rusya aras\u0131nda\u00a0imzalanan anla\u015fman\u0131n onayland\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kanunun iptali ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 istemini reddetmesi AYM kararalar\u0131ndan bir ba\u015fkas\u0131yd\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesi, T\u00fcrkiye ile Rusya aras\u0131nda imzalanan Akkuyu N\u00fckleer Santrali anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 anayasaya uygun bulmu\u015ftu. Anayasa Mahkemesi, T\u00fcrkiye ile Rusya aras\u0131nda Akkuyu n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 santralinin tesisinin in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015fletimini kapsayan i\u015fbirli\u011fine ili\u015fkin anla\u015fmay\u0131 onaylayan yasan\u0131n iptali i\u00e7in CHP’nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iptal ba\u015fvurusunu sonu\u00e7land\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da CHP’nin iptal talebini reddeden mahkeme gerek\u00e7ede, uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar\u0131n uygun bulunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin kanunlar\u0131n ancak \u015fekil y\u00f6n\u00fcnden denetlenebilece\u011fini, antla\u015fman\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011finin Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan denetlenemeyece\u011fini belirtmi\u015fti. Bu konuya y\u00f6nelik AYM nin temel bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 .”T\u00fcrkiye’nin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sadece \u00a0yasama y\u00fcr\u00fctmeyle de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda yarg\u0131yla da katk\u0131 konulmas\u0131na y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi ve Dr.Evren Altay\u2019\u0131n konuya ilkin g\u00f6r\u00fclerinin de AYM\u2019den belirgin bir ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 bulunmamaktayd\u0131. HES \u2018ler s\u00f6zkonusu oldu\u011funda aktar\u0131lan AYM karrarlar\u0131nda, 56. Maddeye ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k idialar\u0131 , 5801 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7ED\u00a0,\u00a0\u00a0 6831 say\u0131l\u0131 Orman Kanunu’nun 17. Maddesi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tabiat\u0131\u00a0ve Biyolojik \u00c7e\u015fitlili\u011fiKorumu Kanunu , Kyoto Protokol\u00fc , BM \u0130klim de\u011fiikli\u011fi s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde g\u00fcndeme getirilen mevzular aras\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

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Hat\u0131rlatmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan , Anayasa’n\u0131n 2. maddesinde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyetinin bir hukuk devleti oldu\u011fu, 17. maddesinde herkesin ya\u015fama, maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Anayasa’n\u0131n ‘Sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131’ ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 56. maddesinde de herkesin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu ve \u00e7evreyi geli\u015ftirmek, \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve \u00e7evre kirlenmesini \u00f6nlemenin Devletin ve vatanda\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6devi oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir. 872 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7evre Kanunu’nun 1. maddesinde, bu Kanun’un amac\u0131n\u0131n, b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar\u0131n ortak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan \u00e7evrenin, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00e7evre ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma ilkeleri do\u011frultusunda korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, 10. maddesinde de, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeyi pl\u00e2nlad\u0131klar\u0131 faaliyetleri sonucu \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilecek kurum, kurulu\u015f ve i\u015fletmelerin, \u00c7evresel Etki De\u011ferlendirmesi Raporu veya proje tan\u0131t\u0131m dosyas\u0131 haz\u0131rlamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olduklar\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

6094 say\u0131l\u0131 Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Elektrik Enerjisi \u00dcretimi Ama\u00e7l\u0131 Kullan\u0131m\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Kanunda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun’un:1- 1. maddesiyle, 10.5.2005 g\u00fcnl\u00fc, 5346 say\u0131l\u0131 Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Elektrik Enerjisi \u00dcretimi Ama\u00e7l\u0131 Kullan\u0131m\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Kanun’un 3. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilen (11) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan\u00a0”kanal veya nehir tipi veya rezervuar alan\u0131 on be\u015f kilometrekarenin alt\u0131nda olan hidroelektrik \u00fcretim”\u00a0ibaresinin,2- 4. maddesiyle, 5346 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 6. maddesinden sonra gelmek \u00fczere eklenen 6\/C maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0”veya gerekti\u011finde masraflar\u0131 ilgililerine ait olmak \u00fczere EPDK taraf\u0131ndan yetkilendirilecek denetim \u015firketlerinden hizmet sat\u0131n al\u0131narak EPDK taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131labilir. Denetim \u015firketleri ile ilgili uygulamaya ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar, Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131nmak kayd\u0131yla EPDK taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak y\u00f6netmelikle d\u00fczenlenir.’\u00a0b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, 3- 5. maddesiyle, 5346 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 8. maddesine eklenen be\u015finci f\u0131kran\u0131n,Anayasa’n\u0131n 2., 17., 56., 128. ve 166. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sav\u0131yla iptalleri ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin durdurulmas\u0131 istemiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan davaya ili\u015fkin \u0130ptali istenilen kural, 5346 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki yenilenebilir enerji tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer almaktad\u0131r ve ‘kanal veya nehir tipi veya rezervuar alan\u0131 on be\u015f kilometrekarenin alt\u0131nda olan hidroelektrik \u00fcretim’ tesisi kurulmas\u0131na uygun elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretim kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, bu Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki yenilenebilir enerji kapsam\u0131 i\u00e7inde saymaktad\u0131r.\u015feklindeki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda\u00a0 AYM\u2019nin 5.7.2012 g\u00fcn\u00fcnde,29.12.2010 g\u00fcnl\u00fc, 6094 say\u0131l\u0131 Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Elektrik Enerjisi \u00dcretimi Ama\u00e7l\u0131 Kullan\u0131m\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Kanunda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun’un: A-\u00a01. maddesiyle, 10.5.2005 g\u00fcnl\u00fc, 5346 say\u0131l\u0131 Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Elektrik Enerjisi \u00dcretimi Ama\u00e7l\u0131 Kullan\u0131m\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Kanun’un 3. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilen (11) numaral\u0131 bendinde yer alan ” kanal veya nehir tipi veya rezervuar alan\u0131 onbe\u015f kilometrekarenin alt\u0131nda olan hidroelektrik \u00fcretim ” ibaresinin Anayasa’ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal isteminin (oybirli\u011fiyle)reddi \u00a0B- 4. maddesiyle 5346 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 6. maddesinden sonra gelmek \u00fczere eklenen 6\/C maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n ”veya gerekti\u011finde masraflar\u0131 ilgililerine ait olmak \u00fczere EPDK taraf\u0131ndan yetkilendirilecek denetim \u015firketlerinden hizmet sat\u0131n al\u0131narak EPDK taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131labilir. Denetim \u015firketleri ile ilgili uygulamaya ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar, Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc al\u0131nmak kayd\u0131yla EPDK taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak y\u00f6netmelikle d\u00fczenlenir.’ b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasa’ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve iptaline C- 5. maddesiyle 5346 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 8. maddesine eklenen be\u015finci f\u0131kran\u0131n Anayasa’ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve iptal isteminin reddine\u00a0 (oybirli\u011fi) ile verilen kararlar\u0131na at\u0131f yapmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Devletin, kamu iktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsleri ve di\u011fer kamu t\u00fczelki\u015filerinin genel idare esaslar\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fcr\u00fctmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olduklar\u0131 kamu hizmetlerinin gerektirdi\u011fi asli ve s\u00fcrekli g\u00f6revler, memurlar ve di\u011fer kamu g\u00f6revlileri eliyle g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilkesine dayanan Anayasa`n\u0131n 128. Maddesi ile ilgili uyumsuzluklara da de\u011findikten sonra Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlyla , “imtiyaz s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi” ile verilebilecek “yap-i\u015flet-devret projeleri”, yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe istinaden \u00a0“imtiyaz” kapsam\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Dan\u0131\u015ftay denetimi d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve\u00a0 ayr\u0131ca Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u0131n 3 \u015firket hakk\u0131ndaki lisans iptali mevzuna da temas eden Altay ayr\u0131ca yine uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda , a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bahsedece\u011fim \u00a0makalemde aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131m Anayasa Mahkemesi, Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun (EPDK) kay\u0131p-ka\u00e7ak bedellerinin t\u00fcketiciden tahsil edilece\u011fine dair t\u00fcm h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin iptal istemini reddetmesine y\u00f6nelik de\u00a0 Anayasa Mahkemesinin gerek\u00e7e ile de\u011fil taleple ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek<\/p>\n

6719 say\u0131l\u0131 Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 ile baz\u0131 kanunlarda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131na dair kanun hakk\u0131nda Anayasa Mahkemesine yap\u0131lan iptal davas\u0131 ba\u015fvurular\u0131 hakk\u0131nda karar ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde\u00a0 15.02.2018 tarihli Resmi Gazetede yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m makaleden de konuya hat\u0131rlatma olarak Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanununun 17. maddesine eklenen 10 numaral\u0131 f\u0131kraya y\u00f6nelik y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck, Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Kanununun ek 1 maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131na, T\u00fcrkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu Kanununa eklenen Yap\u0131 Denetimi maddesine, Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n te\u015fkilat ve g\u00f6revleri hakk\u0131nda kanunun 2. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131na eklenen 6446 say\u0131l\u0131 Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m lisans\u0131 sahibi t\u00fczel ki\u015fileri veya \u00f6zel hukuk t\u00fczel ki\u015filerini ve\/veya bu ki\u015filerden hizmet sat\u0131n almak ve bu t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin nitelikleri, yetkilendirilmesi, hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri ile bu t\u00fczel ki\u015filere uygulanacak yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara, TETA\u015e taraf\u0131ndan tedarik ama\u00e7l\u0131 yap\u0131lacak elektrik enerjisi al\u0131mlar\u0131, 6446 say\u0131l\u0131 Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 kanununda teknik ve teknik olmayan kay\u0131p maliyeti ibaresine, varl\u0131klar\u0131n veya hisselerin devrine y\u00f6nelik olarak bedel al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine y\u00f6nelik y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 taleplerinin reddine karar verildi Anayasa Mahkemesi, Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun (EPDK) kay\u0131p-ka\u00e7ak bedellerinin t\u00fcketiciden tahsil edilece\u011fine dair t\u00fcm h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin iptal istemini reddetmesi \u015eubat ay\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131ndaki enerji haberlerine damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurdu.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0T\u00fcketicilerin EPDK\u2019nin gelir ve tarife d\u00fczenlemeleri kapsam\u0131nda belirledi\u011fi bedellere ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131lacak davalara s\u0131n\u0131rlama getiren d\u00fczenleme \u201cKurum (EPDK) taraf\u0131ndan gelir ve tarife d\u00fczenlemeleri kapsam\u0131nda belirlenen bedellere ili\u015fkin olarak yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvurularda ve a\u00e7\u0131lan davalarda; t\u00fcketici hakem heyetleri ile mahkemelerin yetkisi, bu bedellerin kurumun d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemlerine uygunlu\u011funun denetimi ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d \u015feklinde kaydedilmi\u015ftir.[i]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 ( \u00c7i\u011fdem Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu \u2013Enerji Gazetesi )<\/p>\n

6446 say\u0131l\u0131 Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu ile elektri\u011fin yeterli, kaliteli, s\u00fcrekli, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli ve \u00e7evreyle uyumlu bir \u015fekilde t\u00fcketicilerin kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in rekabet ortam\u0131nda \u00f6zel hukuk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6sterebilecek, mali a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, istikrarl\u0131 ve \u015feffaf bir elektrik enerjisi piyasas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve bu piyasada ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir d\u00fczenleme ve denetimin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan cihetle Elektrik enerjisinin t\u00fcketicilere kesintisiz s\u00fcrekli bi\u00e7imde sunulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m \u015firketlerinin teknik ve teknik olmayan kay\u0131plardan dolay\u0131 elektrik enerjisini T\u00fcrkiye Elektrik Ticaret ve Taahh\u00fct Anonim \u015eirketinden (TETA\u015e) sat\u0131n almak suretiyle temin etmeleri gereklili\u011fine ,da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m \u015firketlerinin teknik ve teknik olmayan kay\u0131p enerji i\u00e7in TETA\u015e\u2019a \u00f6dedikleri bu bedel t\u00fcketicilerden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m tarifeleri kapsam\u0131nda tahsil edildi\u011finden ve TETA\u015e\u2019a \u00f6dendi\u011finde hareketle EPDK\u2019n\u0131n belirledi\u011fi hedef kay\u0131p-ka\u00e7ak oranlar\u0131na dair\u00a0 tahsil edilen kay\u0131p-ka\u00e7ak bedelinin kamu kaynaklar\u0131na geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden s\u00f6z ederken AYM nin meseleye b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir yakla\u015f\u0131\u0131 oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi\u00a0\u00a0 Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 48. ve 167. maddeleri gere\u011fince devlet, elektrik enerjisinin kaliteli, s\u00fcrekli, kesintisiz, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli \u015fekilde t\u00fcketicilerin kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunulmas\u0131 ve bu sayede istikrarl\u0131 bir elektrik enerjisi piyasas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla gerekli tedbirleri almakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve kural\u0131n da elektrik enerjisi piyasas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde i\u015flemesini sa\u011flamaya y\u00f6nelik tedbirler kapsam\u0131nda ihdas edildi\u011fi ve kamu menfaatinin aleyhine bir ama\u00e7 g\u00fctmek gibi bir\u00a0 durum olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0anla\u015f\u0131ld\u011f\u0131na at\u0131f yapmaktayd\u0131<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan elektrik enerjisi hizmetinin t\u00fcketicilere kaliteli, g\u00fcvenilir ve s\u00fcrekli verilebilmesi amac\u0131yla da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m tarifeleri i\u00e7inde di\u011fer maliyet kalemleriyle birlikte bir maliyet kalemi olarak kabul edilen teknik ve teknik olmayan kay\u0131p bedeli, t\u00fcketicilere Kurul taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen hedef oranlar\u0131 ge\u00e7memek kayd\u0131yla yans\u0131t\u0131lmakta olup Kurul taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen hedef kay\u0131p-ka\u00e7ak oranlar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m \u015firketlerinin teknik ve teknik olmayan kay\u0131p ile m\u00fccadele etmelerini sa\u011flama fonksiyonu bulundu\u011fundan bu ba\u011flamda kural, devletin t\u00fcketicileri koruyucu tedbirler almas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 172. maddesiyle uyumlu oldu\u011fu gibi t\u00fcketicilere y\u00f6nelik ekonomik engeller de i\u00e7ermemektedir.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6zkonusu\u00a0 172inci maddeye bakarsak da \u00a0Devlet\u2019in , t\u00fcketicileri koruyucu ve ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 tedbirler al\u0131r, t\u00fcketicilerin kendilerini koruyucu giri\u015fimlerini te\u015fvik etti\u011fini belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

Siyaset bilimi ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkiler sahas\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6steren\u00a0 ki\u015filer ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, genel anlamda\u00a0 T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve Avrupa \u00dclkeleri \u00fczerindeki yans\u0131malar\u0131na dair ilgisi bulunanlar\u0131n istifade edebece\u011fi zengin bir i\u00e7eri\u011fi bulunan\u00a0 Ankara Gazi Kitabevi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlan edit\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc Do\u00e7. Dr. H\u00fcseyin I\u015f\u0131ksal ile Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. Ozan \u00d6rmeci’nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cMavi Elma: T\u00fcrkiye-Avrupa \u0130li\u015fkileri\u201d adl\u0131 kitap i\u00e7in katk\u0131 sundu\u011fum b\u00f6l\u00fcmde .( AB ENERJ\u0130 POL\u0130T\u0130KALARINDA T\u00dcRK\u0130YE’N\u0130N YER\u0130 Hicran\u00a0\u00c7i\u011fdem Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu) [ii]<\/a>– –\u00a0 Mavi Elma: T\u00fcrkiye-Avrupa \u0130li\u015fkileri Sayfa Say\u0131s\u0131:\u00a0813 Bask\u0131 Y\u0131l\u0131:\u00a02016 Dili:\u00a0T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u00a0 Yay\u0131nevi:\u00a0Gazi Kitabevi ISBN:\u00a09786053443964<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi enerji politikalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 temel amac\u0131 bulundu\u011funa ve bunlar\u0131n :Toplulu\u011fun rekabet edebilirli\u011fine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamak,Enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fini temin etmek,S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma temelinde \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmak.oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015f Avrupa Birli\u011fi enerji politikalar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftururken bu \u00fc\u00e7 ama\u00e7 aras\u0131nda bir denge kurmay\u0131 hedefledi\u011fini aktarm\u0131\u015f AB Enerji Huukuna dair girizgahlarda \u015f\u00f6yle devam etmi\u015ftim. .\u201dAB mevzuat\u0131, rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00fcksek, g\u00fcvenli ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir enerji piyasalar\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, kalitenin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, t\u00fcketiciye daha fazla se\u00e7enek ve daha ucuz fiyatlar sunulabilmesi amac\u0131yla enerji piyasalar\u0131nda serbestle\u015fmeyi sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeleri i\u00e7ermektedir. Buna g\u00f6re, elektrik ve do\u011falgaz sekt\u00f6rlerinde piyasaya eri\u015fim, organizasyon, i\u015fleyi\u015f, ihalelerde uygulanan prosed\u00fcrler ve yetkilendirme usulleri gibi konular ortak kurallarla d\u00fczenlenmektedir. AB mevzuat\u0131na g\u00f6re hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015fletmeler aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lamaz. Elektrik ve do\u011falgaz sekt\u00f6rlerinde sa\u011flanan serbestle\u015fme, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn de bu alanlarda altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 yapmas\u0131n\u0131, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m, ta\u015f\u0131ma, pazarlama hizmetlerinin rekabete a\u00e7\u0131larak geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.Bu anlamda<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde, AB enerji m\u00fcktesebat\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli d\u00fczenlemelerinden olan Elektrik ve Do\u011falgaz Direktifleri\u2019ne uyum \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ve ulusal elektrik ve do\u011falgaz sekt\u00f6rlerinin serbestle\u015fmesi ve yeniden yap\u0131lanmas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda, AB elektrik ve do\u011falgaz direktiflerine paralel olarak haz\u0131rlanan 4628 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cElektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu\u201d ve 4646 say\u0131l\u0131 Do\u011fal Gaz Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131na ve AB\u2019nin yenilenen mevzuat\u0131na uyum sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 ve Do\u011falgaz Piyasas\u0131 Kanunlar\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f, 6446 say\u0131l\u0131 Yeni Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu 30.03.2013 tarihinde Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Yeni Do\u011falgaz Piyasas\u0131 Kanun Tasla\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarsa halen devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Enerji Hukuku Sempozyumunda irdelenen ve kapsanan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k konular\u0131na y\u00f6nelik yaz\u0131 dizisinin ilki olan bu makalenin ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en , an\u0131lan, at\u0131flarda bulunan kanunlara daiir genel \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi okuyucu takibini de kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan mevzuata ili\u015fkin kaps\u00fcl hat\u0131rlatmalar olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de Elektrik Do\u011fal Gaz Petrol ve LPG piyasalr\u0131a y\u00f6nelik mevzuata bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda genel anlamda\u00a0 yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eve \u00f6zelinde \u00a0\u015fu kanunlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz.<\/p>\n

4628 Say\u0131l\u0131 Yeni Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elektri\u011fin yeterli, kaliteli, s\u00fcrekli, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli ve \u00e7evreyle uyumlu bir \u015fekilde t\u00fcketicilerin kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, rekabet ortam\u0131nda \u00f6zel hukuk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6steren, mali a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, istikrarl\u0131 ve \u015feffaf bir elektrik enerjisi piyasas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve bu piyasada ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir d\u00fczenleme ve denetimin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanma amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak elektrik \u00fcretimi, iletimi, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, toptan veya perakende sat\u0131\u015f\u0131, ithalat ve ihracat\u0131, piyasa i\u015fletimi ile bu faaliyetlerle ili\u015fkili t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini kapsayan\u00a0 4628 Say\u0131l\u0131 Yeni Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Kanunu<\/p>\n

5015 say\u0131l\u0131 PETROL P\u0130YASASI KANUNU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yurt i\u00e7i ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynaklardan temin olunan petrol\u00fcn do\u011frudan veya i\u015flenerek g\u00fcvenli ve ekonomik olarak rekabet ortam\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131c\u0131lara sunumuna ili\u015fkin piyasa faaliyetlerinin \u015feffaf, e\u015fitlik\u00e7i ve istikrarl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in y\u00f6nlendirme, g\u00f6zetim ve denetim faaliyetlerinin d\u00fczenlenmesini sa\u011flama amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak; petrole ili\u015fkin piyasalar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve d\u00fczenli i\u015flemelerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na ve geli\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6nelik; d\u00fczenleme, y\u00f6nlendirme, g\u00f6zetim ve denetim i\u015flemlerini kapsayan \u00a05015 say\u0131l\u0131 PETROL P\u0130YASASI KANUNU\u00a0 (\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Kanun Numaras\u0131\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : 5015 Kabul Tarihi : 4\/12\/2003 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 R.Gazete: Tarih :20\/12\/2003\u00a0\u00a0 Say\u0131 :25322\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcstur\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : Tertip : 5\u00a0 Cilt :42\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetlerinin do\u011frudan kendi m\u00fclkiyetindeki ara\u00e7 ve tesisleri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki faaliyetleri ile 5 Nisan 2001 tarihli ve 4636 say\u0131l\u0131 Mill\u00ee Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Akaryak\u0131t \u0130kmal ve NATO POL Tesisleri \u0130\u015fletme Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Kurulu\u015fu ve G\u00f6revleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendi m\u00fclkiyetindeki ara\u00e7 ve tesisleri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc faaliyetleri bu Kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine t\u00e2bi de\u011fildir. (Ek c\u00fcmle: 22\/1\/2015 – 6586\/91 md.)<\/strong>\u00a0 Ancak, bu Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 4636 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki faaliyetlerinin depolama ve iletim faaliyetlerine konu edilmesi h\u00e2linde lisans al\u0131nmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul, esas ve muafiyetler Kurumca belirlenir.<\/p>\n

4646 say\u0131l\u0131 DO\u011eAL GAZ P\u0130YASASI KANUNU (ELEKTR\u0130K P\u0130YASASI KANUNUNDA DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130K YAPILMASI VE DO\u011eAL GAZ P\u0130YASASI HAKKINDA KANUN)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Madde 1 \u2013 Bu Kanunun amac\u0131; do\u011fal gaz\u0131n kaliteli, s\u00fcrekli, ucuz, rekabete dayal\u0131 esaslar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u00e7evreye zarar vermeyecek \u015fekilde t\u00fcketicilerin kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, do\u011fal gaz piyasas\u0131n\u0131n serbestle\u015ftirilerek mali a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, istikrarl\u0131 ve \u015feffaf bir do\u011fal gaz piyasas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve bu piyasada ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir d\u00fczenleme ve denetimin sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kapsam Madde 2 \u2013 Bu Kanun; do\u011fal gaz\u0131n ithali, iletimi, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, depolanmas\u0131, pazarlanmas\u0131, ticareti ve ihracat\u0131 ile bu faaliyetlere ili\u015fkin t\u00fcm ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini kapsar.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal gaz piyasas\u0131 kanunu (ELEKTR\u0130K P\u0130YASASI KANUNUNDA DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130K YAPILMASI VE DO\u011eAL GAZ P\u0130YASASI HAKKINDA KANUN) Kanun Numaras\u0131 : 4646 Kabul Tarihi : 18\/4\/2001 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete : Tarih : 2\/5\/2001 Say\u0131 : 24390 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcstur : Tertip : 5 Cilt : 40<\/p>\n

3096\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00dcRK\u0130YE ELEKTR\u0130K KURUMU DI\u015eINDAK\u0130 KURULU\u015eLARIN ELEKTR\u0130K \u00dcRET\u0130M\u0130, \u0130LET\u0130M\u0130,\u00a0 DA\u011eITIMI VE T\u0130CARET\u0130 \u0130LE G\u00d6REVLEND\u0130R\u0130LMES\u0130 HAKKINDA KANUN<\/strong><\/p>\n

Amac\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye Elektrik Kurumu d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00f6zel hukuk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine tabi sermaye \u015firketleri stat\u00fcs\u00fcne sahip yerli ve yabanc\u0131 \u015firketlerin elektrik \u00fcretimi, iletimi, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve ticareti ile g\u00f6revlendirilmesini d\u00fczenlemek olan ve T\u00fcrkiye Elektrik Kurumu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda elektrik \u00fcretimi, iletimi, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve ticareti g\u00f6revinin verilmesi ile s\u00f6zle\u015fme, s\u00fcre, tarife ve g\u00f6revin sona ermesi \u015fekil ve esaslar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan 3096 say\u0131l\u0131\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye Elektrik Kurumu d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kurulu\u015flar\u0131n elektrik \u00fcretimi, iletimi, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve ticareti ile g\u00f6revlendirilmesi hakk\u0131ndaki\u00a0\u00a0 kanun (Kabul Tarihi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : 4\/12\/1984 \u00a0\u00a0Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 R. Gazete\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0: Tarih: 19\/12\/1984\u00a0\u00a0Say\u0131 : 1861 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcstur\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : Tertip : 5\u00a0\u00a0 Cilt : 24\u00a0\u00a0 Sayfa : 121 )<\/p>\n

5307 Nolu\u00a0 SIVILA\u015eTIRILMI\u015e PETROL GAZLARI (LPG) P\u0130YASASI KANUNU VE ELEKTR\u0130K P\u0130YASASI KANUNUNDA DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130K YAPILMASINA DA\u0130R KANUN<\/strong><\/p>\n

Madde 1- Bu Kanunun amac\u0131, yurt i\u00e7i ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynaklardan temin olunan s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f petrol gazlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve ekonomik olarak rekabet ortam\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131c\u0131lara sunumuna ili\u015fkin piyasa faaliyetlerinin \u015feffaf, e\u015fitlik\u00e7i ve istikrarl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in gerekli d\u00fczenleme, y\u00f6nlendirme, g\u00f6zetim ve denetim faaliyetlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bu Kanun; s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f petrol gazlar\u0131n\u0131n yurt i\u00e7i ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan temini, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, depolanmas\u0131 ve ticareti ile bu faaliyetlere ili\u015fkin ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini kapsar<\/p>\n

SIVILA\u015eTIRILMI\u015e PETROL GAZLARI (LPG) P\u0130YASASI KANUNU VE ELEKTR\u0130K P\u0130YASASI KANUNUNDA DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130K YAPILMASINA DA\u0130R KANUN Kanun Numaras\u0131 : 5307 Kabul Tarihi : 2\/3\/2005 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete : Tarih : 13\/3\/2005 Say\u0131 : 25754 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcstur : Tertip : 5 Cilt : 44<\/p>\n

4283 Say\u0131l\u0131\u00a0 YAP-\u0130\u015eLET MODEL\u0130 \u0130LE ELEKTR\u0130K ENERJ\u0130S\u0130 \u00dcRET\u0130M TES\u0130SLER\u0130N\u0130N KURULMASI VE \u0130\u015eLET\u0130LMES\u0130 \u0130LE ENERJ\u0130 SATI\u015eININ D\u00dcZENLENMES\u0130 HAKKINDA KANUN <\/strong><\/p>\n

Kanun No: 4283 Kabul Tarihi: 16 Temmuz 1997 Resmi Gazete ile Ne\u015fir ve \u0130l\u00e2n\u0131: 19 Temmuz 1997 – Say\u0131: 23054 5.t.D\u00fcstur, c.36 – s. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0“Yap-\u0130\u015flet Modeli” ile \u00fcretim \u015firketlerine \u00fclke enerji plan ve politikalar\u0131na uygun bi\u00e7imde elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in m\u00fclkiyetleri kendilerine ait olmak \u00fczere termik santral kurma ve i\u015fletme izni verilmesi ile enerji sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na dair esas ve usullerini \u00a0belirleme amac\u0131 g\u00fcden ve . Hidroelektrik, jeotermal, n\u00fckleer santrallar ve di\u011fer yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak santrallar\u0131 kapsam d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutan bu kanun .<\/p>\n

4446 Say\u0131l\u0131\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASASININ BAZI MADDELER\u0130NDE DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130K YAPILMASINA \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130N KANUN <\/strong><\/p>\n

1982 Anayasas\u0131nda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yapan Kanunlar i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rmekteyiz.\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASASININ BAZI MADDELER\u0130NDE DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130K YAPILMASINA \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130N KANUN (Resmi Gazete ile yay\u0131m\u0131: 14.8.1999 Say\u0131: 23 786) Kanun No Kabul Tarihi 4446 13.8.1999<\/p>\n

13.8.1999 g\u00fcnl\u00fc, 4446 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa ile Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 47. maddesine eklenen d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131krada,\u00a0Devlet, kamu iktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsleri ve di\u011fer kamu t\u00fczelki\u015fileri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen yat\u0131r\u0131m ve hizmetlerden hangilerinin \u00f6zel hukuk s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri ile ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczelki\u015filere yapt\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi veya devredilebilece\u011finin kanunla belirlenece\u011fi h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. An\u0131lan kural uyar\u0131nca Devlet, kamu iktisadi te\u015febb\u00fcsleri ve di\u011fer kamu t\u00fczelki\u015fileri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir kamu hizmetinin \u00f6zel hukuk s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine konu edilmesi, \u00f6ncelikle bu hususun Kanunla belirlenmesi ko\u015fuluna ba\u011fl\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a05346\u00a0 say\u0131l\u0131 YEN\u0130LENEB\u0130L\u0130R ENERJ\u0130 KAYNAKLARININ ELEKTR\u0130K ENERJ\u0130S\u0130 \u00dcRET\u0130M\u0130 AMA\u00c7LI KULLANIMINA \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130N KANUN<\/strong><\/p>\n

Amac\u0131; yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, bu kaynaklar\u0131n g\u00fcvenilir, ekonomik ve kaliteli bi\u00e7imde ekonomiye kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, kaynak \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, at\u0131klar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi, \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131 ve bu ama\u00e7lar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinde ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan imalat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015ftirilmesi olan ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynak alanlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131, bu kaynaklardan elde edilen elektrik enerjisinin belgelendirilmesi ve bu kaynaklar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin usul ve esaslar\u0131 kapsayan 5346 say\u0131l\u0131 Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklarinin Elektrik Enerjisi \u00dcretimi Ama\u00e7li Kullanimina ili\u015fkin kanun\u00a0\u00a0 (Kanun Numaras\u0131 : 5346 Kabul Tarihi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 : 10\/5\/2005 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 R.Gazete\u00a0\u00a0 :Tarih: 18\/5\/2005 Say\u0131 : 25819 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcstur : Tertip : 5\u00a0 Cilt : 44\u00a0 )<\/p>\n

Bu Kanun kapsam\u0131ndaki yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131: R\u00fczg\u00e2r, g\u00fcne\u015f, jeotermal, biyok\u00fctle, biyok\u00fctleden elde edilen gaz (\u00e7\u00f6p gaz\u0131 d\u00e2hil), dalga, ak\u0131nt\u0131 enerjisi ve gel-git ile kanal veya nehir tipi veya rezervuar alan\u0131 onbe\u015f kilometrekarenin alt\u0131nda olan hidroelektrik \u00fcretim tesisi kurulmas\u0131na uygun elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretim kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\n

5627 Say\u0131l\u0131 I ENERJ\u0130 VER\u0130ML\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 KANUNU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enerjinin etkin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, israf\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, enerji maliyetlerinin ekonomi \u00fczerindeki y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn hafifletilmesi ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ve enerjinin kullan\u0131m\u0131nda verimlili\u011fin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak ; enerjinin \u00fcretim, iletim, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ve t\u00fcketim a\u015famalar\u0131nda, end\u00fcstriyel i\u015fletmelerde, binalarda, elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretim tesislerinde, iletim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m \u015febekeleri ile ula\u015f\u0131mda enerji verimlili\u011finin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve desteklenmesine, toplum genelinde enerji bilincinin geli\u015ftirilmesine, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik uygulanacak us\u00fbl ve esaslar\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan . 5627 say\u0131l\u0131 Enerji Verimlil\u011fi Kanunu (Kanun Numaras\u0131 : 5627 Kabul Tarihi : 18\/4\/2007 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 R.Gazete : Tarih : 2\/5\/2007 Say\u0131 : 26510 Yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00fcstur : Tertip : 5 Cilt : 46<\/p>\n

Yine ayn\u0131 kanuna g\u00f6re ,enerji verimlili\u011finin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nlemlerin uygulanmas\u0131 ile \u00f6zellik veya g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmleri kabul edilemez derecede de\u011fi\u015fecek olan sanayi alanlar\u0131nda i\u015fletme ve \u00fcretim faaliyetleri y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen, ibadet yeri olarak kullan\u0131lan, planlanan kullan\u0131m s\u00fcresi iki y\u0131ldan az olan, y\u0131l\u0131n d\u00f6rt ay\u0131ndan daha az kullan\u0131lan, toplam kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 elli metrekarenin alt\u0131nda olan binalar, koruma alt\u0131ndaki bina veya an\u0131tlar, tar\u0131msal binalar ve at\u00f6lyeler, bu Kanun kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Devam edecek ….<\/strong><\/p>\n

Haz\u0131rlayan:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span>H.\u00c7i\u011fdem Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0http:\/\/www.cigdemyorgancioglu.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

References\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00c7i\u011fdem Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu – Mavi Elma – T\u00fcrkiye-Avrupa \u0130li\u015fkileri- \u00a0AB Enerji Politikalar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Yeri -Elektrik ve Do\u011falgaz Piyasas\u0131 \u00a0http:\/\/politikaakademisi.org\/2016\/07\/04\/upadan-yeni-kitap-mavi-elma-turkiye-avrupa-iliskileri\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[i]<\/a> \u00c7i\u011fdem YORGANCIO\u011eLU Enerji Gazetesi 26 \u015eubat 2018\u00a0 https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/elektrik-piyasasinda-kayip-ve-kacaklara-regulasyonlar-ozelinde-dokunuslar\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[ii]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0AB Enerji Politikalar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Yeri\u00a0(\u00c7i\u011fdem Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu)- \u00a0Mavi Elma\u00a0 : T\u00fcrkiye-Avrupa \u0130li\u015fkileri Sayfa Say\u0131s\u0131:\u00a0813 Bask\u0131 Y\u0131l\u0131:\u00a02016 Dili:\u00a0T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u00a0 Yay\u0131nevi:\u00a0Gazi Kitabevi ISBN:\u00a09786053443964<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/29525016\/AB_ENERJ%C4%B0_POL%C4%B0T%C4%B0KALARINDA_T%C3%9CRK%C4%B0YEN%C4%B0N_YER%C4%B0-MAV%C4%B0_ELMA_H.%C3%87i%C4%9Fdem_Yorganc%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.T\u00fcrkiye enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc 2001 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren serbestle\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rekabet ortam\u0131nda \u00f6zel hukuk h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re faaliyet g\u00f6sterebilecek, mali a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, istikrarl\u0131 ve \u015feffaf bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":72232,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[37004,67,1009],"views":1575,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72231"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72231"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72234,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72231\/revisions\/72234"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}