{"id":7155,"date":"2013-02-22T10:09:09","date_gmt":"2013-02-22T07:09:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=7155"},"modified":"2013-02-22T10:09:09","modified_gmt":"2013-02-22T07:09:09","slug":"enerjide-devrim-yeni-hesler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/enerjide-devrim-yeni-hesler\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Enerjide Devrim: Yeni HES\u2019ler"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Enerji, ya\u015fam kalitesini iyile\u015ftiren, ekonomik ve sosyal ilerlemeyi sa\u011flayan en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, \u00fclkelerin geli\u015fmi\u015flik seviyeleri, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00fcrettikleri ve t\u00fckettikleri elektrik enerjisi miktar\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr hale gelmi\u015ftir. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler, enerjiyi verimli kullanarak, enerji tasarrufuna azami derecede \u00f6zen g\u00f6stererek, g\u00fcvenli ve \u00e7evreye duyarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen elektrik enerjisi kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekonomik Kalk\u0131nma Ve \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (OECD)\u2019ne \u00fcye, geli\u015fmi\u015f ve geli\u015fmekte olan 33 \u00fclkenin ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen elektrik t\u00fcketimleri incelendi\u011finde, \u0130zlanda\u2019n\u0131n 51.219 kWh (kiloWattsaat), Norve\u00e7\u2019in 24.990 kWh, Kanada\u2019n\u0131n 16.337 kWh, Finlandiya\u2019n\u0131n 15.206 kWh, \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019in de 14.643 kWh oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda, OECD \u00fclkelerinin ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen elektrik t\u00fcketimi ortalamas\u0131 8.085 kWh olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u00fclkemizin ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen elektrik \u00fcretimi ortalamas\u0131 2.562 kWh olmu\u015ftur. 33 \u00fcye \u00fclkenin bulundu\u011fu OECD\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye, 2.562 kWh olan ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen elektrik t\u00fcketimi ile Meksika\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde 32\u2032nci olabilmi\u015ftir. Farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen elektrik t\u00fcketimi, OECD ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te biri kadard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7in sanayile\u015fmeye ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z bulunuyor. Sanayile\u015febilmek i\u00e7in de yo\u011fun enerji talebi ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Son 10 y\u0131lda \u00fclkemiz elektrik ve do\u011fal gaz t\u00fcketim oranlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00c7in\u2019den sonra ikinci s\u0131rada gelmektedir. 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck 10 ekonomisi aras\u0131na girmek istiyorsak, sanayiinin en temel girdisi olan enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kesintisiz, g\u00fcvenilir, temiz ve ucuz olarak kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekiyor. T\u00fcrkiye, y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama y\u00fczde 5 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcme istiyorsa, bunun i\u00e7in elektrik enerjisi kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc y\u0131ll\u0131k olarak ortalama y\u00fczde 10 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fctmelidir.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde, elektrik enerjisi termik (petrol, do\u011falgaz, k\u00f6m\u00fcr), hidroelektrik, r\u00fczgar + jeotermal olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 temel kaynak arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00fcretilmektedir. 2010 y\u0131l\u0131 elektrik \u00fcretimi incelendi\u011finde toplam elektrik \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 73\u2032\u00fc termik, y\u00fczde 25\u2032i hidroelektrik, y\u00fczde 2\u2032si ise r\u00fczgar ve jeotermal enerjiden elde edilmi\u015ftir. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk sekiz ay\u0131na y\u00f6nelik a\u00e7\u0131klanan elektrik \u00fcretim istatistiklerinde de, elektrik \u00fcretimleri \u00fc\u00e7 temel kaynaktan yakla\u015f\u0131k ayn\u0131 oranlarda \u00fcretilmeye devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizin elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc, termik kaynaklara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f durumda. Bu termik kaynaklar\u0131n y\u00fczde 50-55\u2032lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de do\u011falgaz olu\u015fturuyor. Farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla, ithal etti\u011fimiz do\u011falgaz\u0131n ortalama y\u00fczde 50\u2032sini elektrik \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131yoruz. Elektrik \u00fcretiminde y\u00fcksek oranlarda do\u011falgaz ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 da artt\u0131r\u0131yor. Sanayiinin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu elektrik enerjisini, ucuz, temiz ve kesintisiz olarak \u00fcretebilmek i\u00e7in ne yapmal\u0131? Enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l azaltmal\u0131 sorusu \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemiz, do\u011falgaz-petrol kaynaklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan fakir ve d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir durumda. Elektrik \u00fcretiminde do\u011falgaz ve petrol\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 da artt\u0131r\u0131yor. Yerli k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn kalorifik de\u011feri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretiminde do\u011falgaz\u0131n yerini alabilmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. R\u00fczgar ve jeotermal enerji kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 devreye alabilsek bile toplam elektrik ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ancak y\u00fczde 10\u2032unu kar\u015f\u0131layabiliriz. Bu \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda, elektrik enerjisi talebimizi k\u0131sa ve orta vadede kar\u015f\u0131layabilecek tek alternatif hidroelektrik santrallerdir (HES).<\/p>\n

Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re, 128 milyar kWh\/y\u0131l hidroelektrik potansiyelimiz bulunuyor. Bug\u00fcn itibariyle, hidroelektrik enerji kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n, y\u00fczde 35\u2032i de\u011ferlendirilebilmi\u015ftir. Elektrik ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ise y\u00fczde 25\u2032ini hidroelektrik kaynaklardan sa\u011flayabiliyoruz. Enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 azaltma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde politikalar \u00fcretmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan enerji y\u00f6netimi, hidroelektrik potansiyelimizin de\u011ferlendirilmesi amac\u0131yla 2010-2011 y\u0131llar\u0131nda enerjide HES devrimi yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Enerji Piyas\u0131 Denetleme Kurulu\u2019nun (EPDK) kay\u0131tlar\u0131na g\u00f6re 600 HES in\u015fa ediliyor. Bunlar\u0131n 575\u2032in de fiilen in\u015faat var ve hizmete girdiklerinde 15.400 MW (MegaWatt) elektrik \u00fcretebilecekler. Mevcut hidroelektrik kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k 16.000 MW oldu\u011fu dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, in\u015fas\u0131 devam eden HES\u2019lerin \u00f6nemi ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

EPDK taraf\u0131ndan 2011 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk 9 ay\u0131nda, 116 HES lisans\u0131 verildi. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n son \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131nda da EPDK bu h\u0131zla HES lisans\u0131 vermeye devam ederse, 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda verilen HES lisanslar\u0131 150\u2032yi ge\u00e7ecek ve 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda ki 143 HES lisans rekoru da k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. 1.000 MW\u2019l\u0131k HES\u2019in maliyeti 1 \u2013 1.5 milyar dolar aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Bu fiyatlar baz al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 15 \u2013 22 milyar dolar aras\u0131nda bir HES yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizin enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in HES Devrimi\u2019nin h\u0131z kesmeden devam etmesi gerekiyor. Bu ger\u00e7ekli\u011fe ra\u011fmen \u00fclkemizde bir grup HES\u2019lere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Enerjide ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in ya her deremize HES yapaca\u011f\u0131z, ya da 74 milyon insan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n eme\u011fini enerji ithalat\u0131yla yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na aktaraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Enerji, ya\u015fam kalitesini iyile\u015ftiren, ekonomik ve sosyal ilerlemeyi sa\u011flayan en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, \u00fclkelerin geli\u015fmi\u015flik seviyeleri, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00fcrettikleri ve t\u00fckettikleri elektrik enerjisi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7156,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,47],"tags":[2753,2754,67,2462,750,35370,2755,1090,2041,668],"views":1067,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7155"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7155"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7155\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7158,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7155\/revisions\/7158"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7156"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7155"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7155"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7155"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}