{"id":596,"date":"2012-06-20T09:28:38","date_gmt":"2012-06-20T06:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=596"},"modified":"2012-06-20T09:33:37","modified_gmt":"2012-06-20T06:33:37","slug":"erkek-olmak-nukleerden-daha-riskliymis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/erkek-olmak-nukleerden-daha-riskliymis\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) \u201dErkek olmak\u201d N\u00fckleerden Daha Riskliymi\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re, ortalama bir insan \u00f6mr\u00fcnde \u201derkek cinsiyetinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu risk 2 bin 800 g\u00fcn iken, ABD i\u00e7in t\u00fcm elektri\u011fin n\u00fckleer santrallerde \u00fcretilmesi 0,03 g\u00fcn ortalama \u00f6m\u00fcr kayb\u0131na\u201d yol a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/h2>\n

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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de enerji \u00fcretiminde g\u00fcndemde olan n\u00fckleer santral vatanda\u015flar\u0131n kafas\u0131nda soru i\u015faretleri yarat\u0131rken, Mersin\u2019de santral in\u015fa etmek amac\u0131yla Rusya taraf\u0131ndan kurulan Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali Anonim \u015eirketi, T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fckleer konusunda en \u00e7ok sordu\u011fu sorular\u0131 bir kitap\u00e7\u0131kta toplad\u0131.Vatanda\u015f en \u00e7ok n\u00fckleer santralin riskli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 merak ederken, kitap\u00e7\u0131kta, n\u00fckleer santraller en olduk\u00e7a g\u00fcvenilir \u015fekilde yap\u0131ld\u0131, fakat her teknolojide oldu\u011fu gibi de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de olsa bir risk oldu\u011fu vurguland\u0131. Kitap\u00e7\u0131kta, evde bulunman\u0131n bile ciddi bir risk pay\u0131 oldu\u011fu, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kazalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n\u0131n evde meydana geldi\u011fi belirtildi.Kitap\u00e7\u0131kta yer alan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, “ortalama bir insan \u00f6mr\u00fcnde erkek cinsiyetinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu risk 2 bin 800 g\u00fcn, k\u00f6m\u00fcr madeninde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak bin 100 g\u00fcn, yoksulluk 700 g\u00fcn, alkol 130 g\u00fcn, intihar 95 g\u00fcn, u\u00e7ak kazalar\u0131 1 g\u00fcn, baraj y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 0,5 g\u00fcn ve ABD i\u00e7in t\u00fcm elektri\u011fin n\u00fckleer santrallerde \u00fcretilmesi ise 0,03 g\u00fcn ortalama \u00f6m\u00fcr kayb\u0131na\u201d yol a\u00e7\u0131yor.D\u00fcnyada halen 436 reakt\u00f6r bulunuyor<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Kitap\u00e7\u0131kta yer alan bilgilere g\u00f6re d\u00fcnya n\u00fckleerden vazge\u00e7mi\u015f de\u011fil. D\u00fcnyada 30 \u00fclkede 2011 itibariyle toplam yakla\u015f\u0131k 370 bin megavat (MW) kurulu g\u00fcce sahip ve elektri\u011fin y\u00fczde 14\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flayan 436 adet n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6r bulunuyor. 104 adetle en fazla g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcnitesine sahip \u00fclke ise ABD.ABD\u2019yi takip eden Fransa\u2019da 58, Rusya\u2019da 32, G\u00fcney Kore\u2019de 20, Almanya\u2019da 17, Hindistan\u2019da 19, Ukrayna\u2019da 15, \u00c7in\u2019de ise 12 g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcnitesi i\u015fletiliyor.Akkuyu Projesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen reakt\u00f6r tipi<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Verilen bilgiye g\u00f6re, Akkuyu projesinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen VVER-1200 reakt\u00f6r tipinin, 15 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir tecr\u00fcbesi bulunuyor, g\u00fcvenlik ve \u00fcretim kapasitesi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ndan da \u201dgeli\u015ftirilerek g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir model\u201d.<\/p>\n

60 y\u0131ll\u0131k i\u015fletim \u00f6mr\u00fc bulunan santral AES-2006 \u201d3 \u201d, yani geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc nesil n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 santrali. \u00c7in\u2019de i\u015fletilmekte olan Tianwan N\u00fckleer Santrali ve Hindistan\u2019da kurulmas\u0131 planlanan Kudankulam Santrali, Akkuyu\u2019da yap\u0131lacak santralin muadilleri aras\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130n\u015faat\u0131 yap\u0131lacak Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali herhangi bir askeri i\u00e7erik kapsam\u0131yor ve silah \u00fcretimi amac\u0131yla da tasarlanmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcvenlik <\/strong><\/p>\n

Kitap\u00e7\u0131kta, Akkuyu projesinde uygulanacak teknik ve organizasyonel \u00f6nlemlerin, projede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen t\u00fcm acil durumlarda emniyet sistemlerinin kullan\u0131labilirli\u011fini sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Projede, reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde durdurulmas\u0131 ve uzun bir s\u00fcrede, herhangi bir etki halinde (etkilerin bir ka\u00e7\u0131 birarada oldu\u011funda) deprem, sel, tsunami, hortum, kas\u0131rga, toz f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131, d\u0131\u015f patlamalar ve hatta d\u00fc\u015fen u\u00e7ak etkisi olsa bile, reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Japonya\u2019da ya\u015fanan kaza <\/strong><\/p>\n

Akkuyu NGS A.\u015e\u2019ye en \u00e7ok sorulan sorulardan biri olan Fuku\u015fima N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali\u2019ndeki kaza hakk\u0131nda da kitap\u00e7\u0131kta detayl\u0131 bilgi verildi.<\/p>\n

Verilen bilgiye g\u00f6re, Fuku\u015fima N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali \u201dilk nesil\u201d tek \u00e7evrimli, kaynak sulu eski tip bir n\u00fckleer santral. Tek \u00e7evrimli tesislerde radyoaktivite, sadece reakt\u00f6rde de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda t\u00fcm t\u00fcrbin ve yo\u011fu\u015fturucu sistem de mevcut bulunuyor. \u0130lk nesil n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7 santrallerinde, sadece aktif g\u00fcvenlik sistemi bunuyor. Yeni tip reakt\u00f6rlerde ise hem aktif, hem de pasif g\u00fcvenlik sistemleri yer al\u0131yor. Fuku\u015fima gibi eski tip santraller, yeni n\u00fckleer santrallerin aksine d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 olmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Fuku\u015fima n\u00fckleer santralinde koruma kab\u0131, ciddi kaza halinde hidrojen miktar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 veya reakt\u00f6r kalbinin erimesi riskinin y\u00f6netilebilmesi i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 imkanlara ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hacme sahip. Yeni nesil n\u00fckleer santral projesi olan Akkuyu\u2019da ise olas\u0131 ciddi bir kaza i\u00e7in hidrojen birle\u015ftiriciyi ve erimi\u015f reakt\u00f6r kalbini muhafaza etme d\u00fczene\u011fi olan, pasif sistemlere sahip b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ift katmanl\u0131 s\u0131zd\u0131rmaz koruyucu kap mevcut bunuyor.<\/p>\n

Akkuyu\u2019nun Fuku\u015fima\u2019ya g\u00f6re \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckleri \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131raland\u0131: \u201dAkkuyu 3 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan yeni nesil reakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Aktif ve pasif g\u00fcvenlik sistemleri mevcuttur. Pasif g\u00fcvenlik sistemi d\u0131\u015fardan bir g\u00fc\u00e7 temini ve operat\u00f6r m\u00fcdahalesini gerektirmemektedir. D\u00f6rt g\u00fcvenlik kanal\u0131 mevcuttur. Bir kanal devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olsa bile, di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flayabilir. Kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yak\u0131t elemanlar\u0131 bekleme havuzunun s\u0131zd\u0131rmaz bir \u00fcnitenin i\u00e7erisinde bulunmas\u0131 sayesinde, potansiyel radyoaktif sal\u0131n\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n lokalizasyonu sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. Geni\u015f \u00e7ift katmanl\u0131 s\u0131zd\u0131rmaz koruyucu kab\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ciddi kaza durumunda devreye giren pasif hidrojen birle\u015ftirici sistemi ve reakt\u00f6r kalbinin erimesi durumunda eriyici hapseden d\u00fczenek \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n

Santral in\u015faat\u0131 2014\u2019te ba\u015flayacak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kitap\u00e7\u0131kta verilen bilgiye g\u00f6re, Proje \u015firketi T\u00fcrk mevzuat\u0131n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi lisans ve izinleri ald\u0131ktan sonra in\u015faat s\u00fcrecini ba\u015flatacak.<\/p>\n

Takvime g\u00f6re birinci g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcnitesinin in\u015faat\u0131 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda, ikinci g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcnitesinin in\u015faat\u0131 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcnitesinin in\u015faat\u0131 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcnitesinin in\u015faat\u0131 ise 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayacak. Birinci \u00fcnitenin i\u015fletmeye al\u0131nmas\u0131 2019, ikinci 2020, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc 2021, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fcnite de 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda devreye al\u0131nmas\u0131 planland\u0131.<\/p>\n

15 bin ki\u015fiye istihdam sa\u011flayacak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kitap\u00e7\u0131kta, n\u00fckleer santral in\u015faat\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerdeki \u015fehir altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimine ivme kazand\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 ve santralin; yol, hastane, okul ve spor tesisleri yap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ticaret, ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k, e\u011fitim ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik 15 bin ki\u015filik istihdam sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Verilen bilgiye g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrk \u015firket ve uzmanlar, in\u015faat ve montaj i\u015flerinde, \u00f6zellik arz etmeyen ekipman tedariklerinde ve n\u00fckleer santralin i\u015fletiminde rol alacaklar. \u0130n\u015faat s\u00fcrecinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak personele (in\u015faat s\u00fcrecinin en yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde, \u015fantiyede ayn\u0131 anda 10 bin ki\u015fi istihdam edilecek) ek olarak n\u00fckleer santralde 2 bin 500\u2019\u00fc a\u015fk\u0131n i\u015fletme personeli \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak. Bu say\u0131ya planlanan bak\u0131m s\u00fcrecinde bin 200 ki\u015fi daha kat\u0131lacak.<\/p>\n

Santral in\u015faat\u0131yla geli\u015fen b\u00f6lge altyap\u0131s\u0131, b\u00f6lge turizminin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na ivme kazand\u0131racak.<\/p>\n

Santralin at\u0131klar\u0131 ne olacak? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Akkuyu N\u00fckleer Santral\u0131\u2019nde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yak\u0131t, Rusya\u2019ya g\u00f6nderilecek. Kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f n\u00fckleer yak\u0131t, \u00f6zel s\u0131zd\u0131rmak konteynerlarda, \u00f6zel teknik gere\u00e7lerle ta\u015f\u0131nacak.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 ve ulusal mevzuatlara g\u00f6re Rusya, ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki olas\u0131 t\u00fcm risklere kar\u015f\u0131 sorumlu olacak. N\u00fckleer santralin i\u015fletimine ili\u015fkin t\u00fcm risklerden de proje \u015firketi Akkuyu NGS A.\u015e. sorumlu tutulacak.<\/p>\n

Rusya\u2019ya olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131racak m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kitap\u00e7\u0131kta verilen bilgide, Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santrali\u2019nin Rusya\u2019ya olan enerji ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tam aksine azaltaca\u011f\u0131 ifade edilirken, \u201dTermik elektrik santralleri i\u00e7in kesintisiz olarak k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve do\u011falgaz tedariki gerekirken, n\u00fckleer santrale y\u0131lda bir kez yak\u0131t getirilecek\u201d denildi.<\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer santralin \u00fcretti\u011fi elektrik fiyat\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131t fiyat\u0131na olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, di\u011fer yak\u0131t fiyat\u0131na olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu da kaydedildi.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan santral T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n Akkuyu N\u00fckleer G\u00fc\u00e7 Santralini kendi hesab\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, fakat santralin b\u00f6lgedeki yerle\u015fim yerlerinin altyap\u0131s\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 kaydedilen kitap\u00e7\u0131kta, \u015fu de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulunuldu: \u201dBunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ticaret, ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k, e\u011fitim ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sekt\u00f6rlerine y\u00f6nelik olarak, 15 bin ki\u015filik istihdam yaratmakta ve T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011frencilerin yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmesine olanak tan\u0131maktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrk \u015firket ve uzmanlar in\u015faat ve montaj i\u015flerinde, ekipman tedarikinde ve n\u00fckleer santralin i\u015fletiminde rol alacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 elektri\u011fin fiyat\u0131, piyasa fiyat\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Buna ek olarak, proje \u015firketi elektrik enerjisi sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan elde etti\u011fi net kar\u0131n y\u00fczde 20\u2019sini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye \u00f6deyecektir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Milliyet<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Yap\u0131lan baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re, ortalama bir insan \u00f6mr\u00fcnde \u201derkek cinsiyetinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu risk 2 bin 800 g\u00fcn iken, ABD i\u00e7in t\u00fcm elektri\u011fin n\u00fckleer […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":597,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,43],"tags":[67,71,88],"views":767,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/596"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=596"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":600,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/596\/revisions\/600"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}