{"id":5733,"date":"2013-01-29T10:42:04","date_gmt":"2013-01-29T07:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=5733"},"modified":"2013-01-29T10:42:04","modified_gmt":"2013-01-29T07:42:04","slug":"kuresel-isinmanin-birincil-sebebi-karbondioksit-cozum-enerji-verimliligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/kuresel-isinmanin-birincil-sebebi-karbondioksit-cozum-enerji-verimliligi\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) K\u00fcresel Is\u0131nman\u0131n Birincil Sebebi: Karbondioksit &#8211; \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Enerji Verimlili\u011fi&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"qtranxs-available-languages-message qtranxs-available-languages-message-en\">Sorry, this entry is only available in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5733\" class=\"qtranxs-available-language-link qtranxs-available-language-link-tr\" title=\"Turkish\">Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p><p><strong>D\u00fcnya var oldu\u011fundan bu yana geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son d\u00f6nemlerdeki bu iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kutuplardan al\u0131nan buz kal\u0131plar\u0131 sayesinde analiz edilebilmektedir. Buz kal\u0131plar\u0131 400.000 y\u0131ll\u0131k iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi bilgilerini verir. Bu veriler karbondioksit ve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n birbirine yak\u0131n bir ili\u015fki i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini, ayn\u0131 periyotlarda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp, y\u00fckseldiklerini g\u00f6steriyor. Hava s\u0131cak oldu\u011funda karbondioksit miktar\u0131n\u0131n fazla,\u00a0 so\u011fuk oldu\u011funda ise karbondioksit miktar\u0131n\u0131n az oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte d\u00fcnya ikliminin en s\u0131cak oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde karbondioksit miktar\u0131 en fazla 300 ppm (milyonda 300 molek\u00fcl), en so\u011fuk zamanlarda ise 180 ppm olmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-5734\" title=\"enerji-verimliligi-karbondioksit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/enerji-verimliligi-karbondioksit.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/enerji-verimliligi-karbondioksit.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/enerji-verimliligi-karbondioksit-80x46.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\u00d6ncelikle, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte iklimin de\u011fi\u015fmesine neden olan pek \u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r vard\u0131; g\u00fcne\u015f aktiviteleri, volkanik aktiviteler ve atmosferdeki gaz bile\u015fimleri gibi. Is\u0131nma durumunda s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve karbondioksit aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki ise \u015fu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyordu: D\u00fcnyan\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f etraf\u0131ndaki hareketindeki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden dolay\u0131 okyanuslardaki s\u0131cakl\u0131k artt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda okyanuslardan atmosfere sal\u0131nan karbondioksit miktar\u0131 da art\u0131yordu, bu sal\u0131m \u0131s\u0131nma gidi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak art\u0131r\u0131yor, bu da beraberinde yeniden okyanuslardan atmosfere karbondioksit sal\u0131nmas\u0131na neden oluyordu. Bu geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc sistem buzul \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131 ve buzul \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131 aras\u0131 d\u00f6nemler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7i\u015fi kuvvetlendiriyordu.<\/p>\n<p>2012\u2019 de <strong>Oregon State \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong>, Yer bilimleri b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan <strong>JD. Shakun<\/strong> 20.000 sene \u00f6nceki s\u0131cakl\u0131k kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 inceledi, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki karbondioksit ile s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> Elde edilen sonu\u00e7larda:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00fcnyan\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesel d\u00f6ng\u00fclerindeki de\u011fi\u015fimler 19.000 sene \u00f6nce ilk \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda etki g\u00f6sterdi, bu da Kuzey kutbu \u00fczerinde de\u011fi\u015fimlere neden oldu.<\/li>\n<li>Kuzey kutbunda \u0131s\u0131nma buzullar\u0131n erimesine neden oldu, sonucunda ise geni\u015f oranda tatl\u0131 su okyanus sular\u0131na kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>Tatl\u0131 suyun art\u0131\u015f\u0131 Atlas okyanusundaki sirk\u00fclasyonu engelleyerek, yar\u0131m k\u00fcreler aras\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n inip \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bunun sonucunda 18.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ilk olarak G\u00fcney yar\u0131m k\u00fcre ve okyanuslar \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>17.500 y\u0131l \u00f6nce G\u00fcney yar\u0131m k\u00fcrede okyanus \u0131s\u0131nmalar\u0131na paralel olarak okyanustan atmosfere karbondioksit sal\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131.Bu ya\u015fananlar sera etkisine sebep olurken\u00a0 atmosferin yeniden \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na etki etti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00fcm bu bulgular\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015fte de k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n %90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n atmosferdeki karbondioksit miktar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015ftan sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi ispatlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonucunda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan grafi\u011fi g\u00f6receksiniz. Mavi \u00e7izgi y\u0131llara g\u00f6re k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki de\u011fi\u015fimleri, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 olan G\u00fcney yar\u0131m k\u00fcredeki s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimlerini, sar\u0131 olan ise atmosferdeki karbondioksit miktar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimleri g\u00f6steriyor.\u00a0 Yukar\u0131da\u00a0 bahsetti\u011fim ili\u015fki grafikten de a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6zlenebiliyor.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.yesilgazete.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/viewer1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/www.yesilgazete.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/viewer1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"577\" height=\"345\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bulgulardan da anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere <strong>ge\u00e7mi\u015fte olu\u015fan sera etkisi ancak binlerce y\u0131lda olu\u015fan de\u011fi\u015fimlerle meydana geliyordu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da y\u0131llara g\u00f6re s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve karbondioksit miktar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimleri g\u00f6steren grafi\u011fi inceleyebilirsiniz. Mavi \u00e7izgi karbondioksit, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 olan ise s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimlerini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.yesilgazete.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/viewer2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/www.yesilgazete.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/viewer2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"494\" height=\"216\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>400.000 sene \u00f6nce de s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve karbondioksit miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 periyotlarda y\u00fckseldi\u011fini ya da d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kolayca fark edilebiliyoruz. Son 600 ila 1000 y\u0131lda olu\u015fan de\u011fi\u015fimlere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise\u00a0 tamam\u0131yla ayn\u0131 \u00e7izgide de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bunun sebebi ise\u00a0 ge\u00e7mi\u015fte 180 ila 300 ppm aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen atmosferdeki karbondioksit miktar\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcn 393 ppm civar\u0131nda olmas\u0131d\u0131r<strong>. Yani bug\u00fcnk\u00fc duruma son 400.000 senedir rastlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve son d\u00f6nemdeki k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n esas sebebi budur<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu duruma neden olan \u015fey ise 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Sanayi Devrimi ile birlikte petrol, k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve benzeri fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmesidir. Artan t\u00fcketim ihtiyac\u0131 ile birlikte enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 geni\u015f \u00e7apta art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 sonucu atmosfere sal\u0131nan sera gazlar\u0131 bir \u00f6rt\u00fc etkisi yaratarak d\u00fcnyaya gelen g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyay\u0131 terk etmelerini engellemi\u015f, atmosferi terk edemeyen g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 da d\u00fcnyada kal\u0131p hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n normal olmayan bir bi\u00e7imde artmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm bu etkilerin \u00f6zellikle karbondioksit miktar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015fa ba\u011flanma sebebi; atmosferdeki miktar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer t\u00fcm sera gazlar\u0131n\u0131nkinden fazla olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Atmosferde kalma s\u00fcresinin di\u011fer sera gazlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fununkinden fazla oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurursak, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma i\u00e7in tehdit olu\u015fturan en \u00f6nemli etken oldu\u011funu anlayabiliriz. Bu nedenle ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ve bug\u00fcn ya\u015fanan s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimleri incelendi\u011finde karbondioksit miktar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fim ile s\u0131k\u0131 bir ili\u015fki i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rebiliyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zetle, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sebebi olan karbondioksidin\u00a0 atmosferdeki miktar\u0131, Sanayi Devrimiyle beraber 3 kat artm\u0131\u015f, bunun sonucunda ise k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 0.8 santigrat derece y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte milyonlarca y\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bu art\u0131\u015f atmosferdeki \u0131s\u0131 dengesini bozarak, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde ciddi iklimsel de\u011fi\u015fikliklere sebep olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0 D\u00fcnyada daha s\u0131k ya\u015fanmaya ba\u015flanan iklim felaketleri, karbondioksit sal\u0131m\u0131na k\u00fcresel \u00e7apta s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar getirilmedi\u011fi takdirde daha tehlikeli boyutlara ula\u015facak ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayan bir yola s\u00fcr\u00fckleyecektir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Belk\u0131s G\u00f6kbulut<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong> <strong> \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kaynak: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.yesilgazete.org\/blog\/2013\/01\/28\/kuresel-isinmanin-birincil-sebebi-karbondioksit-belkis-gokbulut\/\" target=\"_blank\">Ye\u015fil Ekonomi<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.D\u00fcnya var oldu\u011fundan bu yana geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son d\u00f6nemlerdeki bu iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kutuplardan al\u0131nan buz kal\u0131plar\u0131 sayesinde analiz edilebilmektedir. Buz [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5734,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[67,103,12,1750,1471,2030,133],"views":1923,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5733"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5733"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5733\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5736,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5733\/revisions\/5736"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}