{"id":4950,"date":"2013-01-07T10:15:36","date_gmt":"2013-01-07T07:15:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=4950"},"modified":"2013-01-07T10:15:36","modified_gmt":"2013-01-07T07:15:36","slug":"turkiyenin-enerji-konusunda-zorluklari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/turkiyenin-enerji-konusunda-zorluklari\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Enerji Konusunda Zorluklar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Ankara uzun vadeli enerji \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilecek baz\u0131 zorlu d\u0131\u015f politika kararlar\u0131yla bir s\u00fcre sonra y\u00fcz y\u00fcze gelecek. K\u0131br\u0131s ve \u0130srail a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda devasa do\u011falgaz yataklar\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi kom\u015fular\u0131yla k\u00f6k\u00fc ge\u00e7mi\u015fe giden ihtilaflar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeye zorlayabilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"T\u00fcrkiye, yerli enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, son on y\u0131l zarf\u0131nda etkileyici bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme oran\u0131n\u0131 korudu. Ankara, enerji ithalat\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmeyi ve e\u015fanl\u0131 olarak da kendisini enerji merkezi olarak konumland\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefleyen bir d\u0131\u015f politika izledi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin jeostratejik konumu bu \u00e7ifte gayeye eri\u015fmeyi u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ama enerji tedarikini giderme ve y\u00f6netme konusunda iddial\u0131 olmak ile h\u00fcrmetk\u00e2r olmak aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi korumu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin b\u00f6lgedeki olaylar\u0131 etkileyecek g\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131ysa da uzun vadeli enerji \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r etkide bulunabilecek baz\u0131 zorlu d\u0131\u015f politika kararlar\u0131n\u0131 almaya k\u0131sa vadede mecbur kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye petrol\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fczde 91\u2019ni, do\u011falgaz\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 98\u2019ni ithal etmektedir. 2011\u2019de petrol\u00fcn y\u00fczde 51\u2019i \u0130ran\u2019dan, do\u011falgaz\u0131n y\u00fczde 55\u2019i Rusya\u2019dan gelmi\u015ftir. Irak\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir petrol ve do\u011falgaz ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olarak yeniden dirilmesi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye K\u00f6rfez ve Avrupa pazarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda etkili bir enerji merkezi olma f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye, Irak ve B\u00f6lgesel K\u00fcrt Y\u00f6netimi \u00fc\u00e7geni aras\u0131ndaki gergin ili\u015fkiler, Irak\u2019la enerji ticaretini m\u00fcthi\u015f \u015fekilde karma\u015f\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Ceyhan liman\u0131na g\u00fcnl\u00fck 400.000 varil petrol ak\u0131tan Irak-T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki boru hatt\u0131n\u0131n uzun vadeli g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi \u00fczerine de g\u00f6lge d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmektedir bu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131larla y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren sava\u015f\u0131, Irak\u2019la ili\u015fkilerin sorunlu ve belirsiz kalmas\u0131n\u0131 garantilemeye yaram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail ve K\u0131br\u0131s a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda tahminen 122 trilyon kubik fit do\u011falgaz bulunmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerji merkezi olma emeline meydan okuyan, ilave bir petrol-do\u011falgaz kayna\u011f\u0131na eri\u015fmesine izin de vermeyen bir di\u011fer b\u00f6lgesel enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olabilir. Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi d\u0131\u015flayan bir enerji ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 Ankara\u2019da ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lanmayacakt\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin lojistik avantaj\u0131 \u015fu: K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019tan Yunanistan\u2019a uzanacak her hangi bir boru hatt\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin (ihtilafl\u0131) k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ti\u011finde daha ucuz olacakt\u0131r. K\u0131br\u0131s-Yunanistan aras\u0131nda kurulacak do\u011frudan bir boru hatt\u0131 ciddi oranda daha uzun olmal\u0131 ve oniki adaya ula\u015fmadan evvel 1.2 mil derinli\u011fe kadar inmelidir. Ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar i\u00e7erisinde olmas\u0131 ve uzun vadeli \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 i\u015faret edilerek Yunanistan\u2019a T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bask\u0131 yap\u0131labilir yolun sonunda.<\/p>\n

K\u0131br\u0131s ihtilaf\u0131 Ankara i\u00e7in resmi biraz daha karma\u015f\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Rum y\u00f6netimi denizde arama sondaj\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra Ankara, Kuzey K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhuriyetiyle arama anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u0131br\u0131s do\u011falgaz yataklar\u0131n\u0131n ke\u015ffi, k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ihtilaflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmeleri i\u00e7in Atina ve Ankara \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 m\u0131 olu\u015fturacak yoksa ikisi aras\u0131ndaki ihtilaf\u0131 daha da m\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckleyecek? Bu ucu a\u00e7\u0131k bir soru olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. E\u011fer tarih rehberlik edecekse, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u00fckseli\u015fi, Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131da olmas\u0131 bu ikisi aras\u0131ndaki ihtilaf\u0131n yaln\u0131zca artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fturulmam\u0131\u015f di\u011fer toprak\/k\u0131ta sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ihtilaflar\u0131, Akdeniz d\u00e2hilinde do\u011fal kaynak zenginli\u011fi gibi bir talih ku\u015funun gelecekte i\u015fbirli\u011finden ziy\u00e2de \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 kam\u00e7\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n daha muhtemel oldu\u011funu ima etmektedir. \u0130srail ve L\u00fcbnan teknik bak\u0131mdan sava\u015f halinde olduklar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek do\u011falgaz yataklar\u0131yla ilgili olarak ikisi aras\u0131nda anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir deniz s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 yok. Bir uzla\u015fmaya var\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, her hangi bir taraf\u0131n bu yataklar\u0131 i\u015fletmesi sorunlu olacakt\u0131r. L\u00fcbnan-\u0130srail ikili ili\u015fkilerine, \u0130srail-\u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki kronik duruma, Suriye\u2019de devam eden ke\u015fmeke\u015fe bak\u0131nca, b\u00f6lgedeki ihtilaf bollu\u011funun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclece\u011fine veya k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra do\u011falgaz\u0131n akmaya ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131na inanmak i\u00e7in bir neden yoktur. \u0130srail-K\u0131br\u0131s-Yunanistan \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerji merkezi olma kabiliyetine muhtemelen zarar verecektir.<\/p>\n

Tebriz-Ankara boru hatt\u0131, Kazakistan, \u00d6zbekistan ve T\u00fcrkmenistan enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa\u2019daki pazarlara enerji ihracat\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye yararlanma f\u0131rsat\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131na, enerji talebinin artmas\u0131na, \u0130ran petrol ve do\u011falgaz\u0131n\u0131n mesafesine ve Avrasya enerji merkezi olma emeline bak\u0131nca, Ankara\u2019n\u0131n \u0130ran\u2019la, yani en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol ve ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011falgaz tedarik\u00e7isiyle olan enerji ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na m\u00fcthi\u015f bir \u00f6nem vermeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrece\u011fine makul bir \u015fekilde h\u00fckmedilebilir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 ekonomik tecride d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme ama\u00e7l\u0131 Bat\u0131 kampanyas\u0131na kat\u0131lmay\u0131 i\u015fte bu ba\u011flamda reddetmi\u015ftir. Ankara\u2019n\u0131n 2011 Kas\u0131m\u2019\u0131nda \u0130ran\u2019a olan alt\u0131n ihracat\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0130ran do\u011falgaz\u0131na yap\u0131lan \u00f6demelerle ilgili oldu\u011funu kabul etmesi, T\u00fcrklerin Bat\u0131 bask\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u0130ran\u2019la enerji ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 korumakta \u00e7\u0131kar telakki ettiklerinin g\u00f6stergesidir. Tahran tecrit ve m\u00fceyyidelere dengeleme aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u00f6nemli bir ortak olarak g\u00f6rmektedir. \u0130kili ticaret 2000-2011 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 16 kat artt\u0131. 2011 itibariyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2000 \u0130ran \u015firketi faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor ki say\u0131lar\u0131 2002\u2019ye g\u00f6re alt\u0131 kat artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ran\u2019daki \u00e7e\u015fitli sanayi kollar\u0131, k\u00fcresel ekonomiyle ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131rlar. Madalyonun di\u011fer y\u00fcz\u00fcnde Ortado\u011fu\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir karga\u015fan\u0131n patlak vermesi veya \u0130ran\u2019a askeri sald\u0131r\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerji ve ticaret \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na 1991 I.K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi ciddi \u015fekilde zarar verecektir.<\/p>\n

Suriye krizi, \u0130ran ve T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda gerilim yaratt\u0131. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmada z\u0131t taraflara bahis yat\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130lave olarak, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n gitgide Asya enerji pazarlar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131, \u0130ran\u2019la yak\u0131n bir enerji ticaretini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye azimli T\u00fcrklerde huzursuzluk yaratt\u0131. Yani T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 2012 Mart\u2019\u0131nda Libya ve Suudi Arabistan\u2019dan daha fazla petrol ithal edece\u011fini, \u0130ran\u2019dan ithal etti\u011fi petrol\u00fc y\u00fczde 20 azaltaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmesi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130ran\u2019a enerji ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n siyasi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na bakarak h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda \u0130ran\u2019a alternatif kaynaklar aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olabilece\u011fini telkin etmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Bat\u0131yla kavgas\u0131 ve Suriye\u2019de devam eden karga\u015fa Ankara\u2019y\u0131 2013\u2019te Tahran\u2019la ili\u015fkileri hakk\u0131nda zorlu kararlara mecbur edecektir. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n enerji, ticaret ve b\u00f6lgesel g\u00fcvenlik konular\u0131ndaki ortakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye atacak eylemlere giri\u015fmeleri k\u0131sa vadede muhtemel de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye \u015fu an d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck 17\u2019nci ekonomisidir ve kom\u015fular\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki stratejik derinli\u011fi geni\u015fletmeye azimlidir. Ankara g\u00fcvenlik ve enerji \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 zekice dengeleyebilirse, b\u00f6lgesel enerji pazarlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde kayda de\u011fer bir kald\u0131rac\u0131 muhafaza edip kendi enerji taleplerini kar\u015f\u0131lama potansiyeline sahiptir. T\u00fcrkiye y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7 dengesi hakk\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcm verir ve yumurtalar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru sepete koymazsa veyahut di\u011fer devletler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi d\u0131\u015flayan alternatif g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar bulurlarsa, T\u00fcrkler kendilerini daha b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerin emellerinin etkisi alt\u0131nda bulabilirler.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131 \u015fimdiye de\u011fin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131yla ustaca dengeledi ki 2013 ba\u015flarken b\u00f6lgesel ve k\u00fcresel enerji pazarlar\u0131nda istikrar anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: D\u00fcnya B\u00fclteni<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Ankara uzun vadeli enerji \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilecek baz\u0131 zorlu d\u0131\u015f politika kararlar\u0131yla bir s\u00fcre sonra y\u00fcz y\u00fcze gelecek. K\u0131br\u0131s ve \u0130srail a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda devasa do\u011falgaz […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4951,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[46,53,44],"tags":[92,67,1708,59,846,1707],"views":546,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4950"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4950"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4950\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4952,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4950\/revisions\/4952"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4951"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4950"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4950"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4950"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}