{"id":49008,"date":"2016-01-12T12:58:18","date_gmt":"2016-01-12T09:58:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=49008"},"modified":"2016-01-12T12:58:18","modified_gmt":"2016-01-12T09:58:18","slug":"yorum-dusen-petrol-fiyatlari-hangi-ulkeyi-nasil-etkiliyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/yorum-dusen-petrol-fiyatlari-hangi-ulkeyi-nasil-etkiliyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Yorum: D\u00fc\u015fen Petrol Fiyatlar\u0131 Hangi \u00dclkeyi Nas\u0131l Etkiliyor?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nde (ABD) petrol \u00fcretiminin 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck 5 milyon varilden 2014\u2019te g\u00fcnde 10 milyon varile \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve buna kar\u015f\u0131n Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n liderli\u011finde OPEC \u00fcyelerinin \u00fcretimlerini k\u0131smamalar\u0131 sonucu petrol piyasas\u0131nda olu\u015fan arz fazlas\u0131, ham petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 Haziran 2014\u2019te ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 115 dolar \/ varil\u2019den bug\u00fcn 35 dolar \/ varil\u2019in alt\u0131na indirdi.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kadar k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede b\u00f6ylesine bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkenin ekonomisini derinden etkiliyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/figure>\n
Image copyright<\/span>BBC TURKCE<\/span><\/span><\/figure>\n

ABD<\/h2>\n

ABD d\u00fc\u015fen petrol fiyatlar\u0131ndan hem olumlu, hem olumsuz etkilenen \u00fclkelerden. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vergi oran\u0131 nedeniyle pompa fiyatlar\u0131 sadece son 1 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde % 40\u2019tan fazla azald\u0131. Bu durum, hem \u015firketlerin hem hanelerin enerji giderlerinde, ekonomiye i\u00e7 talep olarak da d\u00f6nen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tasarruf demek.<\/p>\n

Buna mukabil petrol fiyatlar\u0131 y\u00fcksekken k\u00e2r eden, bor\u00e7lar\u0131 fazla kaya petrol \u015firketleri i\u00e7in durum hi\u00e7 i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Bu \u015firketler harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131p verimliliklerini art\u0131rsalar da zarar ediyor ve bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirmekte g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n

Beraberinde getirdi\u011fi i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karmalar ile bu durum, ABD ekonomisini de olumsuz etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n

Kanada<\/h2>\n

Kanada\u2019n\u0131n durumu ABD\u2019den daha k\u00f6t\u00fc. Kanada tipi a\u011f\u0131r petrol\u00fcn varili k\u0131smen 20 dolar\u0131n alt\u0131na indi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00fclke ekonomisi ge\u00e7en y\u0131l neredeyse resesyona giriyordu.<\/p>\n

Venezuela<\/h2>\n
\"\"<\/span><\/figure>\n

Petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden en k\u00f6t\u00fc etkilenen OPEC \u00fcyesi Venezuela. Ekonomisi neredeyse tamamen her g\u00fcn yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 milyon varillik petrol ihrac\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclke i\u00e7in petrol fiyat\u0131ndaki her 1 dolarl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, senelik 720 milyon dolar gelir kayb\u0131 demek. Bu durum, Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n iflas\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na gelmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Brezilya<\/h2>\n

G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli petrol \u00fcreticilerinden Brezilya da durumu pek i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 olmayan \u00fclkelerden.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fen fiyatlar, devlet petrol \u015firketi Petrobras\u2019\u0131n, i\u00e7ine cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Dilma Rousseff\u2019i de alan yolsuzluk soru\u015fturmalar\u0131, Rio 2016 olimpiyat\u0131n\u0131n getirdi\u011fi maddi y\u00fckle birle\u015fince Brezilya, \u00fclke tarihinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik buhranlar\u0131ndan birine girmekte.<\/p>\n

Nijerya, Angola, Cezayir ve Libya<\/h2>\n

Bat\u0131 Afrika\u2019daki iki OPEC \u00fcyesi Nijerya ve Angola da d\u00fc\u015fen petrol fiyat\u0131ndan olumsuz etkilenenlerden. Her iki \u00fclke de neredeyse tamamen petrol ihrac\u0131ndan ge\u00e7indi\u011finden, ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131zlar\u0131 birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine g\u00f6re yar\u0131ya inmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

Kuzey Afrika\u2019daki iki OPEC \u00fcyesinden Cezayir de d\u00fc\u015fen petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n etkisini ekonomisini \u00e7e\u015fitlendirerek azaltmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Fakat sadece ge\u00e7en y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00fclkenin d\u00f6viz rezervleri 2014 sonunda 180 milyar dolarken, bu y\u0131l\u0131 150 milyar dolar civar\u0131nda kapatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Libya\u2019da ise d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck petrol fiyatlar\u0131, \u00fclkenin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu siyasi krizde \u00e7arpan etkisi yarat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Suudi Arabistan<\/h2>\n

Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n petrol fiyat\u0131 y\u00fcksekken biriktirdi\u011fi d\u00f6viz rezervleri, y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131ndan beri b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fer kaybetti.<\/p>\n

Erime bu h\u0131zda devam ederse, b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 ile beraber \u00fclkenin birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok zor durumda kalmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n

Krall\u0131k 2016 b\u00fct\u00e7esinde akaryak\u0131ta % 50, do\u011falgaza % 66 zam yapmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen devlet gelirlerinde hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r bir azalma bekliyor ve bu nedenle devlet petrol \u015firketi Saudi Aramco\u2019nun k\u0131smen de olsa \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilmesinden dahi bahsedebiliyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/figure>\n
Image copyright<\/span>BBC TURKCE<\/span><\/span><\/figure>\n

Irak<\/h2>\n

Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 siyasi sorunlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015fen petrol fiyatlar\u0131, Irak i\u00e7in de b\u00fcy\u00fck sorun.<\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 9 milyonluk i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn 7 milyonunun devlet memuru oldu\u011fu Irak\u2019ta maa\u015flar\u0131n devlete y\u00fck\u00fc ayl\u0131k 4 milyar dolarken, 2015\u2019te \u00fclkenin ayl\u0131k ortalama petrol ihra\u00e7 geliri 3.8 milyar dolarda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran<\/h2>\n

Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki petrol \u00fcreticileri aras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fen fiyatlardan etkilenenlerden biri de \u0130ran.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n<\/span><\/figure>\n

Fakat bu etkiyi hafifleten bir etken var: \u00dclke zaten d\u00f6rt y\u0131ld\u0131r uluslararas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda ve petrol ihracat\u0131n\u0131 yar\u0131ya indirmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n sonunun yakla\u015fmas\u0131, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n petrol ihrac\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcksek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artt\u0131r\u0131p d\u00fc\u015fen fiyatlar\u0131n etkisini azaltabilmesi ihtimalini bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Rusya<\/h2>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol \u00fcreticilerinden Rusya i\u00e7in de petrol fiyat\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck sorun.<\/p>\n

Rus ekonomisinin 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bu y\u0131l da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmeye devam edece\u011fi bekleniyor.<\/p>\n

Buna ek olarak Rusya gerek d\u00f6viz rezervlerinde, gerekse petrol ve gaz gelirlerini toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 varl\u0131k fonunda erime g\u00f6ren \u00fclkelerden.<\/p>\n

Ancak bir teselli, dolar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011fer kaybeden rublenin \u00f6zellikle ufak petrol ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 nispeten korumas\u0131. Elbette bu durum, s\u0131radan Ruslar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n<\/span><\/figure>\n

\u00c7in ve Hindistan<\/h2>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli petrol ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u00c7in ve Hindistan ucuz petrolden faydalanan \u00fclkelerden.<\/p>\n

Her iki \u00fclke de d\u00fc\u015fen pompa fiyatlar\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6zellikle benzin t\u00fcketiminde \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, di\u011fer taraftan stratejik petrol rezervlerini dolduruyorlar.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca Hindistan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyatlar\u0131 f\u0131rsat bilip akaryak\u0131t s\u00fcbvansiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi<\/h2>\n

\u00c7o\u011funlukla petrol ithalat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan Avrupa da d\u00fc\u015fen fiyatlardan olumlu etkilenen b\u00f6lgelerden.<\/p>\n

Pompa fiyatlar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fler, Avrupa ticareti i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir girdi olan dizelin litresinin 1 avronun alt\u0131na inmi\u015f olmas\u0131, Yunanistan krizinden halen tamamen d\u00fcze \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f AB ekonomisini rahatlatan bir unsur.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye<\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrkiye petrol fiyat\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015ften faydalanan, fakat bu faydan\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6viz kuru nedeniyle kaybeden \u00fclkelerden.<\/p>\n

Benzerini Merkez Bankas\u0131 ba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdem Ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz hafta bakanlar kuruluna yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunumda g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki grafik, h\u0131zla y\u00fckselen akaryak\u0131t talebine cevap vermek i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ham petrol ithalindeki art\u0131\u015fa ra\u011fmen enerji ithalat giderinin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\n<\/span><\/figure>\n

Buna mukabil a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki grafi\u011fin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi T\u00fcrk liras\u0131n\u0131n dolar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fer kayb\u0131, petrol fiyat\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn pompaya yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen bir etken.<\/p>\n

Bu etken olmasayd\u0131, bug\u00fcn benzinin litresi 3 lira olabilirdi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/figure>\n
<\/figure>\n

Kaynak: BBC<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nde (ABD) petrol \u00fcretiminin 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck 5 milyon varilden 2014\u2019te g\u00fcnde 10 milyon varile \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ve buna kar\u015f\u0131n Suudi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49009,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,44],"tags":[1198,19423,63,67,1009,2698,165,1377,59,79,347,2388,2522,1369,846,27920],"views":1113,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49008"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49008"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49008\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":49010,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49008\/revisions\/49010"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/49009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}