{"id":48795,"date":"2016-01-07T01:06:50","date_gmt":"2016-01-06T22:06:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=48795"},"modified":"2016-01-07T01:06:50","modified_gmt":"2016-01-06T22:06:50","slug":"suudi-arabistan-iran-ve-petrol-fiyati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/suudi-arabistan-iran-ve-petrol-fiyati\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Suudi Arabistan, \u0130ran ve Petrol Fiyat\u0131!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

\u2018\u00dclkenin sorunlar\u0131 krize d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca d\u0131\u015far\u0131da kendine d\u00fc\u015fman ara\u2019 ilkesini Suudi Arabistan da benimsemi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Petrol\u00fcn ucuzlamas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131 dev sorunlar bekliyor.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Despotlukla y\u00f6netilen Suudi Arabistan devlet gelirlerinin y\u00fczde 80\u2019ini ham petrol sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan elde ediyor. Petrol\u00fcn varil fiyat\u0131 2014 ortalar\u0131ndan bu yana y\u00fcz\"suudi-arabistan-iran-ve-petrol-fiyati\"<\/a>de 60 oran\u0131nda gerileyince Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00fct\u00e7esi muazzam a\u00e7\u0131k vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Maliye bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7en y\u0131l 90 milyar euroyu buldu.<\/p>\n

Bu ilk a\u00e7\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi sonuncusu da olmayacak. Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF) petrol fiyat\u0131 artmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n d\u00f6viz rezervinin t\u00fckenece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor. IMF Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Christine Lagarde k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce petrol\u00fcn ucuzlamas\u0131n\u0131n reformlar\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi tetikleyecek ad\u0131mlar\u0131n devletten de\u011fil \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rden gelmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u0130ktidar\u0131n y\u00fcksek bedeli<\/b><\/p>\n

2015\u2019te Suudi Arabistan devlet giderleri Gayr\u0131 Safi Yurti\u00e7i H\u00e2s\u0131la\u2019n\u0131n (GSYH) y\u00fczde 50\u2019sini a\u015ft\u0131. 2014\u2019te bu oran y\u00fczde 40,8 olmu\u015ftu. Aradaki fark petrol gelirlerindeki gerilemeye paralel olarak sosyal giderlerin artmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Suudilerin y\u00fczde onu y\u00fckl\u00fc maa\u015fla devlet memuru olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Su, elektrik ve benzinin s\u00fcbvansiyonla ucuzlat\u0131lmas\u0131 rejimin halk taraf\u0131ndan benimsenmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynuyor. Ancak sadece enerjiye \u00f6denen s\u00fcbvansiyon GSYH\u2019nin sekizde birini tutuyor. IMF Riyad y\u00f6netiminden s\u00fcbvansiyonlar\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep ediyor.<\/p>\n

Riyad y\u00f6netimi de y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131nda mali deste\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc, benzine y\u00fczde 50 oran\u0131nda zam yapt\u0131. Suudi Arabistan\u2019da katma de\u011fer vergisi ihdas edilmesi de konu\u015fuluyor.<\/p>\n

Alman \u015firketleri de etkilendi<\/b><\/p>\n

Tasarruf tedbirlerinden, \u015fimdiye kadar Suudi Arabistan\u2019da \u00e7ok para kazanan yabanc\u0131 \u015firketler de olumsuz etkilenecek. 18 milyar euroya mal olmas\u0131 beklenen Riyad metrosunda orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli Alman \u015firketlerinin teknolojisi de kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fck projeler de tasarruf tedbirlerinden etkilenecek. Baz\u0131 \u015firketlere alt\u0131 ayd\u0131r \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck altyap\u0131 projelerinin yeniden ihaleye a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcndemde oldu\u011fu da gelen haberler aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Commerzbank ba\u015f iktisat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 J\u00f6rg Kr\u00e4mer Suudi Arabistan\u2019daki mali krizin ticari bak\u0131mdan Alman \u015firketlerini endi\u015felendirmedi\u011fini ve bu \u00fclkeye yap\u0131lan ihracat\u0131n toplam ihracat i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde biri bile bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda Suudi Arabistan Almanya\u2019dan dokuz milyar Euro\u2019luk ithalat yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Petrol silah\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

IMF\u2019in hesaplamalar\u0131na g\u00f6re Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131n devlet b\u00fct\u00e7esini dengeleyebilmesi i\u00e7in varil fiyat\u0131n\u0131n en az 82 dolar olmas\u0131 gerekiyor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise varil fiyat\u0131 40 dolar\u0131n alt\u0131nda seyrediyor.<\/p>\n

Petrol\u00fcn ucuzlamas\u0131nda Suudi Arabistan y\u00f6netimine de sorumluluk pay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Frans\u0131z Bank Natixis\u2019ten Patrick Artus, \u2018Suudi Arabistan petrol\u00fc silah olarak kullan\u0131yor\u201d, diyor. B\u00f6lgenin hakimiyeti i\u00e7in Suudi Arabistan ile \u00e7eki\u015fen \u0130ran n\u00fckleer program\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 uygulanan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan beri OPEC \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131ndaki pazarl\u0131klarda da Riyad ile kap\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

OPEC\u2019<\/b>te anla\u015fmazl\u0131k<\/b><\/p>\n

Zira Suudi Arabistan varil fiyat\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli d\u00fc\u015fmesine ra\u011fmen OPEC kartelinin petrol \u00fcretimini k\u0131smas\u0131na kesinlikle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Riyad petrol\u00fc ucuzlat\u0131p ABD\u2019deki rakiplerini piyasadan kovmay\u0131 hedefliyor. Hidrolik k\u0131rma metodunun maliyeti olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla petrol ucuzlay\u0131nca bu y\u00f6ntem k\u00e2r yerine zarar getiriyor. Riyad\u2019\u0131n hesab\u0131 \u015fimdiye kadar \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya uymad\u0131. Petrol\u00fcn ucuzlamas\u0131ndan b\u00fct\u00fcn ihracat\u00e7\u0131 \u00fclkeler etkileniyor. \u0130ran bu nedenle \u0131srarla \u00fcretimin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesini istiyor ancak OPEC\u2019teki ortaklar\u0131na s\u00f6z fe\u00e7iremiyor.<\/p>\n

Yapt\u0131r\u0131m y\u00fck\u00fcnden kurtulan \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n amac\u0131 OPEC\u2019teki eski konumuna kavu\u015fmak. Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmeden \u00f6nce \u0130ran g\u00fcnde 4 milyon varil ham petrol \u00fcretmekteydi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00fcretimin 800 bin varile \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 bile \u00f6nemli bir art\u0131\u015f anlam\u0131na geliyor. Ancak di\u011fer ihracat\u00e7\u0131 \u00fclkeler arz\u0131 k\u0131smad\u0131klar\u0131 takdirde fazladan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan her bir varil petrol fiyat\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. OPEC\u2019in a\u011f\u0131r topu ise \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n hasm\u0131 olan Suudi Arabistan. Riyad y\u00f6netimi Tahran\u2019\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131na boyun e\u011fmek niyetinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. Ancak petrol\u00fcn ucuzlamas\u0131ndan o da zararl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu durumda \u0130ran ile Suudi Arabistan aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgesel anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn Petrol \u0130hra\u00e7 Eden Devletler Te\u015fkilat\u0131 OPEC\u2019i istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesinden endi\u015fe ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Deutsche Welle<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. \u2018\u00dclkenin sorunlar\u0131 krize d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca d\u0131\u015far\u0131da kendine d\u00fc\u015fman ara\u2019 ilkesini Suudi Arabistan da benimsemi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Petrol\u00fcn ucuzlamas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131 dev sorunlar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48796,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,44],"tags":[63,67,1009,2698,165,9836,10084,1333,1377,59,79,8805,2388,2522,1369,1463,18617],"views":807,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48795"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48795"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48795\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48797,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48795\/revisions\/48797"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/48796"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48795"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48795"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48795"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}