{"id":45239,"date":"2015-10-10T23:49:50","date_gmt":"2015-10-10T20:49:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=45239"},"modified":"2015-10-10T23:49:50","modified_gmt":"2015-10-10T20:49:50","slug":"yorum-abd-neden-700-milyon-varil-petrolu-sakliyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/yorum-abd-neden-700-milyon-varil-petrolu-sakliyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Yorum: ABD Neden 700 Milyon Varil Petrol\u00fc Sakl\u0131yor?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7leri farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdeki g\u00fcvenli depo ve tanklarda \u00e7ok miktarda petrol sakliyor. Bu petrol\u00fc neden kullanam\u0131yoruz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Amerika\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda k\u00f6rfez \u015feridinde yeralt\u0131 ma\u011faralar\u0131ndaki d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 depoda 700 milyon varil petrol sakl\u0131. Bunlar ABD\u2019nin \u2018Stratejik Petrol\"\u041d\u0435\u0444\u0442\u0435\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430<\/a> Rezervi\u2019 (SPR) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu tesisler 40 y\u0131l \u00f6nce kurulmu\u015f. Bug\u00fcn ise bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke milyarlarca dolar harcayarak kendi depolar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015f ve hala yenileri ekleniyor. Bu rezervler ne ama\u00e7la kurulmu\u015f? Yeralt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan petrol niye tekrar yeralt\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcyor?<\/p>\n

Bu sorular\u0131n cevab\u0131 1973 enerji krizine kadar gidiyor. Arap-\u0130srail sava\u015f\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin \u0130srail\u2019i desteklemesi \u00fczerine petrol ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Arap \u00fclkeleri Bat\u0131ya sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 durduruyor. D\u00fcnya \u00f6ylesine Ortado\u011fu petrollerine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in petrol fiyatlar\u0131 art\u0131yor ve Amerika\u2019daki benzin istasyonlar\u0131nda petrol karneye ba\u011flan\u0131yor. Petrol k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 insanlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131nma korkusuyla gece silahla arabalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda beklemeye kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki y\u0131l sonra ABD ilk SPR deposunu kurarak yeralt\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck ma\u011faralar\u0131 petrolle doldurmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. B\u00f6ylece yeni bir enerji krizine kar\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olacak, bu petrol\u00fc piyasaya s\u00fcrerek bask\u0131y\u0131 biraz azaltabilecekti. Yetkililer bu depolar\u0131 \u201cd\u0131\u015f politikan\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir arac\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. \u0130\u015flevli ama pahal\u0131 bir ara\u00e7. Bu depolar\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u0131lda 200 milyon dolar harcan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Stok kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n

ABD Enerji Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019ndan Bob Corbin bu depolar\u0131n tuz da\u011flar\u0131nda sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u201cTuz ham petrol a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan elzem bir madde, ne kar\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, ne \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyor, yani m\u00fckemmel bir depolama olana\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor\u201d diyor. Lousiana\u2019daki Baton Rouge\u2019dan Teksas\u2019taki Freeport\u2019a kadar tuzla kapl\u0131 d\u00f6rt tesisle gurur duyuyor Corbin.<\/p>\n

Fakat yer \u00fcst\u00fcnde bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda sondaj malzemesi ve borulardan ba\u015fka g\u00f6r\u00fclecek fazla bir \u015fey yoktur. Sondaj borular\u0131 yerin y\u00fczlerce metre alt\u0131ndaki ma\u011faralara iner ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 su yoluyla petrol\u00fc y\u00fczeye itebilir. Ancak tuz ma\u011faralar\u0131 arada bir d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in ara\u00e7lara zarar verebiliyor ve s\u0131k bak\u0131m gerektirebiliyor. Buralara insanlar inemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in bu i\u015flemlerin uzaktan yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Corbin, d\u00fczenli bo\u015falt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sualt\u0131 radar\u0131yla \u00e7ekilen \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu foto\u011fraflar\u0131ndan bu ma\u011faralar\u0131n ilgin\u00e7 \u015fekillerde oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

ABD 1990\u2019daki Birinci K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131, 1995\u2019teki Katrina Kas\u0131rgas\u0131 gibi ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 zor durumlarda SPR kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya stoklar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Stratejik olarak petrol rezervlerine b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mlar sadece ABD\u2019de yap\u0131lm\u0131yor. Japonya\u2019da 500 milyon varil petrol yer \u00fcst\u00fc tesislerinde saklan\u0131yor. 2011\u2019deki tsunami felaketinin ard\u0131ndan bu tesislerin daha da geni\u015fletilmesi e\u011filimi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (IEA) d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda petrol rezervlerinin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izliyor. \u00dcye \u00fclkelere 90 g\u00fcnl\u00fck ithalat miktar\u0131na e\u015fde\u011fer petrol stokunu elde tutmas\u0131 ko\u015fulu getiriliyor. Fakat b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerde ne \u00f6zel tuz ma\u011faralar\u0131 ne de yer \u00fcst\u00fc SPR tesisleri olmayabiliyor. Bu durumda devletin gerekti\u011finde hemen kullan\u0131ma sokmas\u0131 i\u00e7in firmalardan belli bir petrol stokunu saklamalar\u0131 isteniyor.<\/p>\n

IEA \u00fcyesi olmayan Hindistan ve \u00c7in son y\u0131llarda kendi SPR tesislerine b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131. \u00c7in\u2019de ABD d\u00fczeyinde petrol stokuna sahip olma amac\u0131yla yer \u00fcst\u00fcnde in\u015fa edilen dev tanklar\u0131 Google Earth haritalar\u0131nda g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

\u0130yi yat\u0131r\u0131m<\/h2>\n

Yani bug\u00fcn kendi petrol depolama tesisine sahip olmayan hi\u00e7bir s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7 yok. Fakat baz\u0131lar\u0131 da IEA \u00fcyesi olmayan \u00fclkelerin f\u0131rsat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k yaparak d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda petrol s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olan zamanlarda y\u00fcksek fiyata petrol satmas\u0131ndan endi\u015fe ediyor; stok tesislerinin as\u0131l kurulu\u015f amac\u0131n\u0131n tam da bunu engellemek oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Fakat baz\u0131 piyasa uzmanlar\u0131 da petrol stoklar\u0131n\u0131n fiyat ayar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama de\u011fil, piyasada arz\u0131n kesintiye u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde petrol k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 giderme ama\u00e7l\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n

SPR stoklar\u0131n\u0131n ne \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair tart\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. ABD\u2019nin 43,5 milyar dolar de\u011ferindeki stoklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli kendi avantaj\u0131na kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131 da s\u00f6z konusu.<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmetler ve enerji kurulu\u015flar\u0131 en k\u00f6t\u00fc g\u00fcnler i\u00e7in plan yapmaya devam ederken petrol stoklar\u0131 da giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyor. ABD ve bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkenin bu stoklar\u0131 iyi bir yat\u0131r\u0131m olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kesin.<\/p>\n

Yazan: Chris Baraniuk<\/p>\n

Kaynak: \u00a0BBC<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.D\u00fcnyan\u0131n s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7leri farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdeki g\u00fcvenli depo ve tanklarda \u00e7ok miktarda petrol sakliyor. Bu petrol\u00fc neden kullanam\u0131yoruz? Amerika\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda k\u00f6rfez \u015feridinde yeralt\u0131 ma\u011faralar\u0131ndaki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":45240,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,44],"tags":[1198,26246,63,67,1009,7793,2698,165,1023,59,79,347,2388,26247,887,2522,26248,26249],"views":1323,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45239"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45239"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45241,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45239\/revisions\/45241"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}