{"id":42665,"date":"2015-08-10T10:19:09","date_gmt":"2015-08-10T07:19:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=42665"},"modified":"2015-08-10T10:20:42","modified_gmt":"2015-08-10T07:20:42","slug":"enerji-teroristleri-nasil-engellenir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/enerji-teroristleri-nasil-engellenir\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Enerji Ter\u00f6ristleri Nas\u0131l Engellenir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131na yap\u0131lan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn b\u00f6lgemizde art\u0131yor.\"timthumb<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgede artan enerji ter\u00f6rizmine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ve kamuyu koordine edecek, bu alanda \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f devlet kurumlar\u0131 hatta Bakanl\u0131k kurmak gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri ciddi \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesinde fayda var.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde, Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Erzurum Do\u011fal Gaz Boru Hatt\u0131 ve Kerk\u00fck-Yumurtal\u0131k Petrol Boru Hatt\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ter\u00f6r\u00fcn bir ba\u015fka y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi. Art\u0131k D\u00fcnya\u2019da ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de boru hatlar\u0131, petrol rafinerileri, elektrik iletim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na hedef oluyor. Ancak son d\u00f6nemde kritik enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n giderek artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgesinde artan bu tehdide kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fcnyadaki ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6rneklerden ilham alabilir. Kritik altyap\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f devlet kurumlar\u0131 hatta Bakanl\u0131k kurmak bir\u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkenin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemi. T\u00fcrkiye de \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ile kamu kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 koordine edecek benzer yap\u0131lar\u0131 kurarak kritik enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 daha g\u00fcvenli hale getirebilir.<\/p>\n

1990\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar petrol ve do\u011falgaz tesislerini hedef alan sald\u0131r\u0131lar t\u00fcm sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fczde 2,5\u2019luk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc temsil ederken, bu oran 2013\u2019te y\u00fczde 20\u2019nin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Enerji Altyap\u0131lar\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 veri taban\u0131 incelendi\u011finde, 1980\u2019den 2012\u2019ye 9 bin 500 sald\u0131r\u0131 kaydediliyor. Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n en \u00e7ok ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi \u00fclkeler ise Irak, Kolombiya ve Pakistan.<\/p>\n

140 Milyon \u0130nsan\u0131 Karanl\u0131kta B\u0131rakan Sald\u0131r\u0131<\/p>\n

Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r ekonomik bilan\u00e7osunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00fczerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehdit b\u00fcy\u00fck. Pakistan\u2019da Ocak 2015\u2019te, elektrik iletim hatlar\u0131n\u0131 hedef alan sald\u0131r\u0131dan sonra 140 milyon insan elektriksiz kald\u0131. Bunun yan\u0131nda, sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck ve \u00e7ok ortakl\u0131 projeleri hedef almas\u0131 \u00fclkelerin yat\u0131r\u0131m g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ortam\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkiliyor ve bir\u00e7ok kritik projenin de gecikmesine sebebiyet veriyor. Nitekim 2013\u2019te Cezayir\u2019in Amenas Do\u011falgaz \u0130\u015fleme Tesisi\u2019ne yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131 40 ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesine sebep olmu\u015f ve projenin yabanc\u0131 ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n personellerini sahadan \u00e7ekmesiyle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sald\u0131r\u0131dan sonra tesis s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 miktarda \u00fcretime bir ay sonra ba\u015flayabilmi\u015f ve bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Cezayir\u2019in u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomik zarar en iyi ihtimalle 150 milyon dolar olarak tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

250 Milyon Dolarl\u0131k Ter\u00f6r Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, 29 Temmuz 2015\u2019te, Kerk\u00fck-Yumurtal\u0131k Petrol Boru Hatt\u0131\u2019na d\u00fczenlenen ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Kuzey Irak\u2019a maliyeti bas\u0131na yans\u0131yan rakamlara g\u00f6re 250 milyon dolar\u0131 buldu. Ard\u0131ndan, \u00fclkenin ikinci en b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011falgaz tedarik\u00e7isi \u0130ran\u2019dan gelen, T\u00fcrkiye-\u0130ran Do\u011falgaz Boru Hatt\u0131\u2019na 28 Temmuz 2015\u2019te ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen sald\u0131r\u0131 sonras\u0131nda ise gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir hafta sa\u011flanamad\u0131. \u0130ran\u2019dan gelen do\u011fal gaz 2014\u2019te T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u0131ll\u0131k do\u011fal gaz t\u00fcketiminin y\u00fczde 18\u2019ini kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Son olarak, 4 A\u011fustos 2015\u2019te, 2014 verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin do\u011falgaz ithalat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 12,33\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc tek ba\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131layan Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Erzurum Do\u011falgaz Boru Hatt\u0131\u2019na yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131 ise enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusundaki endi\u015feleri ve acil tedbirler al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fini tekrar g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/p>\n

Hazar Strateji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Kritik Altyap\u0131lar\u0131 Koruma Program\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131 Ayhan G\u00fcc\u00fcyener, \u201cBir \u00fclkenin kritik enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n rol\u00fc, insan v\u00fccudunda iskeletin \u00fcstlendi\u011fi g\u00f6reve benzetilebilir. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, \u00fclke ekonomisinin kalk\u0131nmas\u0131 ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n ola\u011fan i\u015fleyi\u015finin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, kritik enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n 7-24, kesintisiz ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn i\u015fleyi\u015fine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 durumdad\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan ter\u00f6r eylemlerine kar\u015f\u0131 yaln\u0131zca kritik altyap\u0131 g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgilenen bir \u00e7at\u0131 kurumun kurulmas\u0131 somut bir \u00f6neri olarak sunulabilir. ABD\u2019de 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri kritik altyap\u0131 g\u00fcvenline dair t\u00fcm koordinasyonu \u0130\u00e7 G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Department of Homeland Security) \u00fcstleniyor. Kanada ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019ta bakanl\u0131k seviyesinde olmasa da kritik altyap\u0131 g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 g\u00f6revini \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f baz\u0131 kurumlar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, \u0130nsans\u0131z Hava Ara\u00e7lar\u0131 gibi ileri teknoloji \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kritik enerji altyap\u0131 g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol\u00fc bulunuyor. Ancak yine de uzun vadede insana yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131m en etkili \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. G\u00fcvenli\u011fin herkesin sorumlulu\u011funda oldu\u011funun unutulmamas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bu anlamda, olas\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar i\u00e7in ihbarda bulunup muhtemel zarar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 ya da zarar\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyen ki\u015filer i\u00e7in \u2018\u00f6d\u00fcl mekanizmas\u0131\u2019 geli\u015ftirilmesi ve \u00f6zellikle kritik tesislerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n bilin\u00e7lendirilmesi insan temelli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler olarak sunulabilir.<\/p>\n

KR\u0130T\u0130K ENERJ\u0130 ALTYAPILARIN G\u00dcVENL\u0130\u011e\u0130 \u0130\u00c7\u0130N ALINMASI GEREKEN \u00d6NLEMLER<\/p>\n

Kritik enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda k\u0131sa-orta ve uzun vadede faydal\u0131 olabilecek \u00f6neriler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi s\u0131ralanabilir<\/p>\n

-K\u0131sa vadede, \u00f6zellikle kurumsal \u00f6l\u00e7ekte kritik tesis ve alanlara eri\u015fimin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, fiziksel g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerinin d\u00fczenli olarak denetlenmesi ve bu \u00f6nlemlerin s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Tehdit ve risk seviyesi d\u00fczenli olarak analiz edilerek ve de\u011ferlendirilerek acil durum m\u00fcdahale ekiplerinin kapasitesi artt\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131. \u015eirketler g\u00fcvenlik planlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fen tehdit seviyesine g\u00f6re d\u00fczenli ve rutin olarak g\u00fcncellemesi gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

-Orta vadede, kamu ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r aras\u0131ndaki i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve koordinasyonun sa\u011flanmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. Devlet ve \u00f6zel \u015firketler aras\u0131nda bilgi ve istihbarat ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenli ve zaman\u0131nda sa\u011flanabilmesi sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n erken tespiti ad\u0131na kritik bir rol oynayabilir. Devlet kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7leri ve \u00f6zel g\u00fcvenlik personelinin \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde olmas\u0131, \u00f6rne\u011fin ortak tatbikatlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeleri, b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynayabilir.<\/p>\n

-Uzun vadede, yaln\u0131zca kritik altyap\u0131 g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgilenen bir \u00e7at\u0131 kurumun kurulmas\u0131 somut bir \u00f6neri olarak sunulabilir. ABD\u2019de 2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri kritik altyap\u0131 g\u00fcvenline dair t\u00fcm koordinasyonu \u0130\u00e7 G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Department of Homeland Security) \u00fcstleniyor. Kanada ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019ta bakanl\u0131k seviyesinde olmasa da kritik altyap\u0131 g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 g\u00f6revini \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f baz\u0131 kurumlar sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca kritik tesislerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerdeki halk\u0131n bilin\u00e7lendirilmesi ve ihbar mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi de bir di\u011fer uzun vadeli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak ele al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: B\u00fcltenler<\/p>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131na yap\u0131lan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn b\u00f6lgemizde art\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgede artan enerji ter\u00f6rizmine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ve kamuyu koordine edecek, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":42666,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[24769],"views":875,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42665"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42665"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42665\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42669,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42665\/revisions\/42669"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42666"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}