{"id":42228,"date":"2015-08-03T11:44:19","date_gmt":"2015-08-03T08:44:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=42228"},"modified":"2015-08-03T23:46:25","modified_gmt":"2015-08-03T20:46:25","slug":"yorum-lisansli-ve-lisanssiz-ges-yatirimlari-arasindaki-baslica-farklar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/yorum-lisansli-ve-lisanssiz-ges-yatirimlari-arasindaki-baslica-farklar\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Yorum: Lisansl\u0131 ve Lisanss\u0131z GES Yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 Aras\u0131ndaki Ba\u015fl\u0131ca Farklar!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Enerji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131; k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veya b\u00fcy\u00fck bir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. As\u0131l ama\u00e7 kar etmektir. Enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n EPDK taraf\u0131ndan tahsis edilen lisanslar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkemizde lisanss\u0131z elektrik \u00fcretimi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7may\u0131 hedeflemi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"00\"<\/a>Peki bu iki yat\u0131r\u0131m modeli aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekte ne farklar vard\u0131r ? Riskleri nelerdir ?<\/p>\n

Lisanss\u0131z modelin ilk yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta s\u00fcrecin \u201cdaha kolay\u201d olaca\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Lisansl\u0131 bir yat\u0131r\u0131mda gerekli t\u00fcm izin s\u00fcre\u00e7leri lisanss\u0131z bir s\u00fcre\u00e7de de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00f6yle ki; her ne kadar \u201c\u00c7ed Kapsamd\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d alsan\u0131z dahi \u00e7evre \u015fehircilik\u2019e ba\u015fvurmak durumundas\u0131n\u0131z. 20 d\u00f6n\u00fcm alt\u0131 araziler i\u00e7in bu evrak \u00fccretsiz bir \u015fekilde verilirken ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 haftal\u0131k bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 varken 200 d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u2019e kadar olan arazilerde \u201cProje Tan\u0131t\u0131m Dosyas\u0131\u201d haz\u0131rlamak durumundas\u0131n\u0131z. Burada yakla\u015f\u0131k 4.000TL ilgili bir \u00c7ED firmas\u0131na, yakla\u015f\u0131k 15.000TL\u2019de devlete vergi olarak \u00f6deniyor. S\u00fcre\u00e7 2 hafta, verilen evrak ayn\u0131. Lakin 200 d\u00f6n\u00fcm \u00fczerindeki araziler i\u00e7in \u201c\u00c7ED\u201d onay\u0131 gerekiyor. Bu da yakla\u015f\u0131k 6 ayl\u0131k bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 demek. Lisansl\u0131 da olsan\u0131z, lisanss\u0131z da olsan\u0131z bu s\u00fcrece kat\u0131lmak zorundas\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130lk halinde \u00c7ED gereklili\u011fi i\u00e7in 10MW olan proje \u00fcst limiti yeni yap\u0131lanma ile 200 d\u00f6n\u00fcme \u00e7ekilerek yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 20MW kapasiteye y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ise arazinin tar\u0131msal a\u00e7\u0131dan uygun olup olmamas\u0131. \u0130l tar\u0131m m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fckleri bu konu hakk\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a hassaslar ama yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Bir il tar\u0131m m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile verdi\u011fim sava\u015fta \u00fcste \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in teknik talimatnameyi okudum. Ger\u00e7ek anlamda \u201cMarjina kuru tar\u0131m arazisi\u201d tar\u0131m\u0131 neredeyse sarp kayal\u0131k demek. 3. ve 4. s\u0131n\u0131f araziler asl\u0131nda marjinal kuru tar\u0131m arazisi demek de\u011fil lakin tar\u0131m reformu genel m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc asl\u0131nda bu m\u00fcsama\u011fa g\u00f6steriyor yoksa ger\u00e7ekten kullan\u0131lamaz arazilere izin verilirdi. GES yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lacak arazinin her ne kadar tar\u0131m arazisi olmamas\u0131 istenilse de sadece marjinallik aranmamal\u0131. Arazinin d\u00f6n\u00fcm ba\u015f\u0131 geliri belirli seviyenin alt\u0131nda olan araziler bu alana tahsis edilebilmeli. Sadece tar\u0131m yap\u0131labildi\u011fi i\u00e7in y\u0131lda sadece 1 kere arpa bu\u011fday yeti\u015fen araziler de kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131labilmeli. Bu araziler d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 400TL kazan\u0131yorken ayn\u0131 yere kurulan GES y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 30.000TL\u2019lik katma de\u011fer yaratabilmekte.<\/p>\n

Buraya kadar s\u00fcre\u00e7 ayn\u0131. Lakin lisansl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n \u201cKamu Yarar\u0131 Karar\u0131\u201d ald\u0131rma yetkisi var. Yani halk\u0131n arazilerini kamula\u015ft\u0131rarak kullanabilir ama g\u00fcne\u015f gibi devasa arazi kullanan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar i\u00e7in bu pek uygun de\u011fil zira itirazlar, mahkemeler ve di\u011fer s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ile as\u0131l ama\u00e7 baltalanabilir. Pratikte lisansl\u0131 GES yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kamu arazilerine y\u00f6neldi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Lisanss\u0131z yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar ise benzer bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 kullanarak kamu arazilerini 30 y\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131na kiralayabiliyor. Yasal zeminde burada bir fark olu\u015ftuysa da pratik uygulamalarda bir fark yaratmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Lisansl\u0131ya g\u00fc\u00e7 veren kamula\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn uygulama alan\u0131 itibariyle bir g\u00fc\u00e7 te\u015fkil etmedi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcrece ek olarak, TEDA\u015e proje kabullerinde istenilen evraklar iki yat\u0131r\u0131m t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in de benzer. Belediye imar\u0131 gibi uygulamalar\u00a0iki sistem i\u00e7in de zorunlu. \u00c7at\u0131 kurulumlar\u0131nda imardan daha \u00e7etrefilli olan proje tadilat\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekebiliyor. Burada haks\u0131zl\u0131k olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm k\u0131s\u0131m, binalar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne tonlarca kaynar su bar\u0131nd\u0131ran g\u00fcne\u015ften s\u0131cak su elde etme sistemlerinin herhangi bir onay mekanizmas\u0131na tabi olmadan kurulabilmeleri ama g\u00fcne\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n devasa bir onay s\u00fcrecine girmeleri. Burada da s\u00fcre\u00e7 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n %20-%30\u2019una denk gelen yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n Teda\u015f onay s\u00fcrecine sokulmadan direk \u015febekeye ba\u011flanmas\u0131 \u015feklinde geli\u015fecektir. Burada \u015f\u00f6yle bir ikilem mevcuttur; sistem onay almayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Teda\u015f taraf\u0131ndan talep edilen bir\u00e7ok koruma kullan\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r ve \u201cLoss of main\u201d korumas\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fimiz koruma devreye girmedi\u011finde hat \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapan bir ki\u015fi elektrikle \u00e7arp\u0131lma riskine maruz kalacakt\u0131r. Burada en kolay\u0131 s\u00fcreci otomatize edip \u00f6rnek bir proje ortaya koymakt\u0131r. Burada \u201cGES Ba\u011flant\u0131 Panosu\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fimiz 10-20kW g\u00fc\u00e7lere kadar standart bir pano sat\u0131n al\u0131narak ba\u011flant\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verdirilebilinir. Yoksa burada can kay\u0131plar\u0131 ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu problemin merkezinin bir y\u00f6netmelik ve esas haz\u0131rlamayan Teda\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Uygulanabilirli\u011fi marjinal olan bir proje s\u00fcrecinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, insanlar\u0131n hayati tehlike ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ne yaz\u0131k ki ge\u00e7emez.<\/p>\n

Lisansl\u0131 ile lisanss\u0131z\u0131n aras\u0131nda elektri\u011fin ticaret yeteneklerinden \u00f6nceki en \u00f6nemli fark\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 noktas\u0131. Lisansl\u0131 elektrik \u00fcretiminde yasal olarak iletim baras\u0131na ba\u011flanabilirken lisanss\u0131z \u00fcretimde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m baras\u0131na ba\u011flanmak durumundas\u0131n\u0131z. Bu da lisansl\u0131dan farkl\u0131 olarak kendi 34,5\/154 trafo yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yapamaman\u0131za ve iletimden ba\u011flanamaman\u0131za yol a\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Her \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketim noktas\u0131nda saya\u00e7lar\u0131n olmas\u0131 ve tamamen dijitalle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve borsaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f elektrik ticareti altyap\u0131s\u0131 asl\u0131nda teknik olarak istedi\u011finiz yerden ba\u011flanman\u0131za ve ticaret yapman\u0131za izin veriyor ama burada engel te\u015fkil eden yasal y\u00f6netmelik. Tabi burada yine y\u00f6netmelik hatal\u0131 diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc lisanss\u0131z y\u00f6netmelik ilk tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kendi elektri\u011fi \u00fcretmek isteyen yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131lar\u0131na ve bah\u00e7elerine yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131; firmalar\u0131n saya\u00e7 sahibi olmak ad\u0131na depo kiralad\u0131klar\u0131 ve arazi al\u0131p yat\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131klar\u0131 model i\u00e7in de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcre\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakacak olursak lisanss\u0131z yat\u0131r\u0131m k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ama lisansl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar ile ayn\u0131 kulvarda i\u015flem g\u00f6rmektedir. \u0130ki s\u00fcre\u00e7 aras\u0131nda sat\u0131\u015f serbestisi (kat\u0131 pay\u0131 \u00f6demek suretiyle) ve kamu yarar\u0131 hakk\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda asl\u0131nda pek bir fark yoktur. Sadece y\u00f6netilmesi gereken 10 y\u0131l sonra Yekdem d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne olaca\u011f\u0131 riskidir ama bu konuda da yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131y\u0131 yolda b\u0131rakacaklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum. Talebin h\u0131zla artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00fclkede hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmet enerji santrallerinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc keser ki ? \u00dcstelik yenilenebilir enerji.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz lisanss\u0131z ba\u015fvurular\u0131 sebebiyle neredeyse t\u00fcm trafo merkezlerindeki kapasiteler dolmu\u015ftur. Lisansl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m yapacak firmalardan ya varolan iletim \u015falt sahalar\u0131na trafo yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 yapmalar\u0131 ya da kendi \u015falt sahalar\u0131n\u0131 in\u015fa etmeleri istenecektir. Bu durumun daha \u00f6nce 300.000$ \u2013 400.000$ aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hesaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131m katk\u0131 pay\u0131n\u0131 daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya \u00e7ekece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n

Konuyu \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetleyerek bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda lisansl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f serbestisi edinmek amac\u0131yla verece\u011fi katk\u0131 pay\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda lisans almas\u0131 ve ilgili alanlar\u0131 kamula\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fc d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda lisanss\u0131zdan bir fark\u0131 yoktur \u00fcstelik her sene a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 varsay\u0131lan kapasiteler ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Burada verilen katk\u0131 pay\u0131na istinaden elde edilen hak 133$\/MWh te\u015fvik veren devlet yerine 65$-85$ aras\u0131nda seyreden bir piyasayada da sat\u0131\u015f yapabilmektir. Lisanss\u0131z \u00fcretim tesislerinin de 10 y\u0131l sonra Yekdem d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda yeni bir y\u00f6netmelikle lisansl\u0131larla ayn\u0131 haklara haiz olmak ko\u015fuluyla piyasaya piyasa fiyatlar\u0131ndan sat\u0131\u015f yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. B\u00f6ylelikle 10 y\u0131l sonra lisanss\u0131z ile lisansl\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki tek fark ilk yat\u0131r\u0131m maliyeti fark\u0131, kamu yarar\u0131 ve Trafo merkezi yap\u0131p yapamama yetkisi kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tabloda kolay entegrasyonu te\u015fvik etmesi amac\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan lisanss\u0131z s\u00fcrecin kolayl\u0131ktan uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve lisanl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m ile ayn\u0131 zorluklara ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131y\u0131 te\u015fvik eden lisansl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n da te\u015fvik ve katk\u0131 pay\u0131 modeli sebebiyle cazibesini yitirdi\u011fidir. Y\u00f6netmelikler bu \u015fekilde devam etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece lisansl\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n ve halk\u0131n faydas\u0131na bir yat\u0131r\u0131m beklemek pek do\u011fru olmaz, lisanss\u0131z yat\u0131r\u0131m da yak\u0131n vadede \u015firketlerin nakit d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a verimli hale gelecektir.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi siz s\u00f6yleyin; lisansl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m \u201clisans\u201d sahibi olman\u0131n avantajlar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekten de\u011fer mi yoksa s\u0131\u011f bir havuza bal\u0131klama m\u0131 atl\u0131yoruz ?<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>\n

\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Enerji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131; k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veya b\u00fcy\u00fck bir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. As\u0131l ama\u00e7 kar etmektir. Enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n EPDK taraf\u0131ndan tahsis edilen lisanslar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkemizde […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":42229,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,49],"tags":[2878,750,24570,24571,13,14324,16928,1216,24572,24573],"views":1174,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42228"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42228"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42228\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42267,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42228\/revisions\/42267"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42229"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}