{"id":38884,"date":"2018-03-14T09:25:03","date_gmt":"2018-03-14T06:25:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=38884"},"modified":"2018-03-28T17:39:55","modified_gmt":"2018-03-28T14:39:55","slug":"gunes-enerjisi-elektrik-uretim-sisteminin-tasarlanmasi-ve-maliyet-hesabi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/gunes-enerjisi-elektrik-uretim-sisteminin-tasarlanmasi-ve-maliyet-hesabi\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminden Elektrik \u00dcretiminin Tasarlanmas\u0131 ve Maliyeti…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminden Elektrik \u00dcretiminin Tasarlanmas\u0131 ve Maliyeti…<\/span><\/h1>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi sistemlerini kullanarak elektrik \u00fcretimi, bug\u00fcnlerde s\u0131k\u00e7a konu\u015fulan yenilenebilir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fcler olan bir \u00e7e\u015fididir. Bol olmas\u0131, bedava olmas\u0131, i\u015fletme maliyetinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 ve \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fine yol a\u00e7mamas\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok iyi nedenden dolay\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekmektedir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada fotovoltaik h\u00fccreler ile elektrik enerjisi \u00fcreten g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi sistemlerinin maliyeti \u00fczerinde durulmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminin Tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi sistemlerinden\u00a0elektrik \u00fcretmek<\/strong> i\u00e7in kurulacak bir yap\u0131da ak\u00fc grubu, ak\u00fc \u015farj reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc, evirici ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 elektronik devreler<\/strong> bulunabilir. Tabi ki uygulamaya g\u00f6re bu bile\u015fenler de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir. \u0130stenen enerji miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re g\u00fcne\u015f paneli<\/strong> ve say\u0131s\u0131 belirlenir. G\u00fcne\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda enerjisiz kalmamak i\u00e7in ak\u00fc<\/strong> grubu sisteme dahil edilir. Ak\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u015farj<\/strong> ve de\u015farj olarak zarar g\u00f6rmesini engellemek i\u00e7in ak\u00fc \u015farj reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u015earj reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc ak\u00fcn\u00fcn durumuna g\u00f6re, g\u00fcne\u015f pillerinden<\/strong> gelen ak\u0131m\u0131 keser ya da y\u00fck\u00fcn \u00e7ekti\u011fi ak\u0131m\u0131 keser. Evirici<\/strong>, alternatif ak\u0131m istenen uygulamalarda panelde elde edilen do\u011fru ak\u0131m elektri\u011fini alternatif ak\u0131m <\/strong>elektri\u011fine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130stenirse g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi sistemine bir de maksimum g\u00fc\u00e7 noktas\u0131 izleyicisi (MPPT<\/strong>) eklenebilir.<\/div>\n

<\/h1>\n

\"Sistem<\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminde Fotovoltaik (Solar) Paneller<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 elektrik enerjisine \u00e7eviren cihazd\u0131r.<\/strong> Verimleri panel tipine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmekle birlikte % 15-20<\/strong> aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Laboratuar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 devam etmekte olup verim de\u011ferlerinin y\u00fckseltilmesi hedeflenmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye \u015fartlar\u0131nda g\u00fcne\u015flenme s\u00fcresi; k\u0131\u015f\u0131n 5 saat, sonbaharda 7 saat ve yaz\u0131n 11 saattir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f enerji sistemindeki paneller, ortam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131 durumunda nominal g\u00fc\u00e7lerini \u00fcretebilirler. Panel cam\u0131n\u0131n kirli olmas\u0131, g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n dik olmamas\u0131, havan\u0131n \u00e7ok s\u0131cak veya \u00e7ok so\u011fuk olmas\u0131 panel verimini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecektir<\/strong>. Bu y\u00fczden hesaplanan g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011ferinin biraz yukar\u0131s\u0131nda bir de\u011ferde panel kullanmak uygun olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminde Ak\u00fc<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

Ak\u00fcler<\/strong> elektrik enerjisinin depolanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda enerjisiz kalmamak i\u00e7in elektrik enerjisinin depolanmas\u0131<\/strong> mant\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00fcne\u015fsiz g\u00fcnler de olabilmektedir. Bu y\u00fczden enerjinin depolanmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. Ak\u00fc kapasitesinin belirlenmesinde en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6r sistemin g\u00fcne\u015f g\u00f6remeyece\u011fi g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ya da saatini hesaplamakt\u0131r. Biz bunu 2 g\u00fcn olarak kabul edersek; g\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u00fcketimi 5 kW-saat olan bir ev i\u00e7in 10 kW-saatlik enerjiyi depolayabilecek bir ak\u00fc grubu<\/strong> gereklidir. Sistem gerilimini 12 V se\u00e7ersek, 12 V 1200 Ah’ lik ak\u00fc grubu bir sistem i\u00e7in yeterli olacakt\u0131r. Ancak \u015fuu unutmamak gerekir ak\u00fc sistemi otonom (stand alone) sistemler i\u00e7in gereklidir. Ak\u00fc sistemi otonom sistemelerin maliyet taraf\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftururlar.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminde Ak\u00fc \u015earj Reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f panelinden gelen ak\u0131m\u0131 ayarlayarak<\/strong> ak\u00fcn\u00fcn tam dolmas\u0131n\u0131 veya tamamen bo\u015falmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. T\u00fcketici i\u00e7in gerekli ak\u0131m de\u011ferine g\u00f6re sistemde uyumlu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilecek tipte <\/strong>se\u00e7ilmesi gereklidir. Ayr\u0131ca ak\u00fc \u015farj reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong>n, ak\u00fc gerilimine uyumlu olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u015earj reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fcnden direkt do\u011fru ak\u0131m \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 <\/strong>al\u0131nabilir. \u00c7o\u011fu reg\u00fclat\u00f6rde \u015farj durumuna ait say\u0131sal bilgileri g\u00f6steren ekran bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bir \u00e7ok reg\u00fclat\u00f6r \u00fcreticisi firma panel g\u00fcc\u00fcne g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilmesi<\/strong> gereken reg\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc saptam\u0131\u015f ve tablolar halinde kataloglar\u0131na koymu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminde Evirici<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

Do\u011fru ak\u0131m enerjisini alternatif ak\u0131m enerjisine \u00e7evrilmesine yarayan cihazlard\u0131r.<\/strong> Genel olarak tam sin\u00fcs \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 <\/strong>veren ve vermeyen olmak \u00fczere iki \u00e7e\u015fit evirici bulunmaktad\u0131r. Hassas y\u00fcklerin bulundu\u011fu sistemlerde tam sin\u00fcs \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 verebilen eviricilerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklidir. Evirici g\u00fcc\u00fc<\/strong>, sistemde ayn\u0131 anda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilecek y\u00fcklerin g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011ferleri toplanarak elde edilir. Ayl\u0131k faturas\u0131 80 TL gelen bir t\u00fcketici 2000 Watt’l\u0131k bir evirici se\u00e7ebilir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminde Di\u011fer Ekipmanlar<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

Sistemde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken di\u011fer elemanlar kablolar ve sigortalard\u0131r.<\/strong> Ayr\u0131ca sistemi izleyebilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli elektronik devreler de kullan\u0131labilir. Sigorta ve kablo se\u00e7imi sistemin d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Kablo se\u00e7iminde gerilim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc de dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminin Kurulum Maliyeti<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

Burada hesaplayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z sistem \u015febekeye ba\u011fl\u0131 bir sistem i\u00e7in olacakt\u0131r. Bu sistemler otonom sistemlere g\u00f6re daha ucuz sistemlerdir.<\/strong> \u015eimdi elektrik faturas\u0131 ayda 80 TL gelen bir evi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim. Bu evin ayl\u0131k t\u00fcketimi 270 kw olurken y\u0131ll\u0131k t\u00fcketimide 3240 kw<\/strong> olsun. Sistemi \u00fclkemizin g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en \u015fansl\u0131 illerinden olan Mu\u011fla’da yap\u0131yoruz. \u00a0PVsyst sim\u00fclasyonu kullanarak sistemi olu\u015fturup, sonu\u00e7lara bakal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u25ba\u00a0G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz \u00fczere 2 kw’l\u0131k bir g\u00fcne\u015f paneli kurmam\u0131z gerekiyor.
\n\u25ba Toplam maliyetimiz 4300 Euro<\/strong>
\n\u25ba Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z teknoloji polikristal mod\u00fcl.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u25baSistemimizin aylara g\u00f6re toplam enerji \u00fcretimini g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. Beklenildi\u011fi gibi yaz aylar\u0131nda maksimum \u00fcretim ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u25baBu hesaplamardan sonra as\u0131l ula\u015fmak istedi\u011fimize geliyoruz. Elektri\u011fin kw maliyet fiyat\u0131. G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz \u00fczere 0.24 Euro\/kw<\/strong>. Burada \u015fuan dikkat \u00e7ekmek isterim fiyata hem bak\u0131m maliyetleri hem de \u00a020 y\u0131l vadeli %5 faizli kredinizin geri \u00f6demeside mevcut. <\/strong>(Ayl\u0131k:586 Euro).<\/p>\n

\u25baG\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere sistem 20 y\u0131l vadede elektri\u011finizin fiyat\u0131n\u0131 0.24 Euro=0.56 TL<\/strong> ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yor. \u00dclkemizde artan elektrik fiyatlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde muhtemelen devletin satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 elektrik 0.56 kuru\u015fu \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 5-7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde<\/strong> ge\u00e7ecektir. B\u00f6ylece sistem kar etmeye ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminde Te\u015fvikler Neler?<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

Lisans\u0131z elektrik \u00fcretim yasas\u0131na g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n

\u00dcretti\u011fimiz her kw ba\u015f\u0131na g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi i\u00e7in 0.133 ABD dolar\u0131<\/strong> almaktay\u0131z. O halde;<\/p>\n

3244*0.133*1.8=776 TL<\/strong> y\u0131ll\u0131k te\u015fvik alabilece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z aksamlar T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00fcretiliyorsa Yek Cetvel-2 g\u00f6re ek te\u015fvikler alabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/div>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin PV mod\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcz T\u00fcrk mal\u0131 olsun.<\/p>\n

1.3*1.8*3244=76 TL <\/strong>gibi bir rakam te\u015fvik olarak alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Sisteminden Elektrik \u00dcretiminin Tasarlanmas\u0131 ve Maliyeti… G\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi sistemlerini kullanarak elektrik \u00fcretimi, bug\u00fcnlerde s\u0131k\u00e7a konu\u015fulan yenilenebilir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38886,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,49,4],"tags":[63,67,1009,2698,165,2403,30179,939,469,13,12344,30133,30134,1353,30132,1876,23767,30129,30178,30130,30131,1149],"views":6884,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38884"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38884"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38884\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71590,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38884\/revisions\/71590"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}