{"id":36929,"date":"2015-03-04T18:16:48","date_gmt":"2015-03-04T15:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=36929"},"modified":"2015-03-04T18:16:48","modified_gmt":"2015-03-04T15:16:48","slug":"avrupadan-tarihi-adim-enerji-birligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/avrupadan-tarihi-adim-enerji-birligi\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Avrupa\u2019dan Tarihi Ad\u0131m: Enerji Birli\u011fi…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra enerji maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp verimlilik art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak k\u00fcresel ticarette rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmak ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile daha etkin \u015fekilde m\u00fccadele etmek amac\u0131yla 25 \u015eubat\u2019ta Enerji Birli\u011fi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan paketi a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dcye devletler taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar ve al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nlemleri i\u00e7eren bu paket, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan AB\u2019nin enerjide \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 50 y\u0131la damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurabilecek tarihi bir ad\u0131m olarak de\u011ferlendi\"avrupadan-tarihi-adim-enerji-birligi\"<\/a>rilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

AB bug\u00fcn t\u00fcketti\u011fi toplam enerjinin %53\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc ithal etmektedir. Enerji ithalat\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 400 milyar dolar \u00f6deyen AB, bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck enerji ithalat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 durumundad\u0131r. AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerden 6 tanesi do\u011fal gaz ithalat\u0131nda %100 oran\u0131nda tek kayna\u011fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 arz \u015foklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z durumdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Enerji Birli\u011fi ve birli\u011fin Avrupa enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne etkilerine de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce Enerji Birli\u011fi\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan baz\u0131 temel verilere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda;<\/p>\n

\u2013 Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re enerji verimlili\u011findeki %1\u2019lik art\u0131\u015f Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n toplam do\u011fal gaz ithalat\u0131n\u0131 %2,6 oran\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmektedir. AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerdeki konutlar\u0131n %75\u2019inde enerji verimli olarak kullan\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Petrolde ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 %90 olan AB\u2019de bug\u00fcn ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n %94\u2019\u00fc petrole dayal\u0131d\u0131r. AB genelinde enerjide do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 olarak verilen s\u00fcbvansiyonlar\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k tutar\u0131 120 milyar Euro\u2019yu a\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan AB\u2019de 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n toplam\u0131 ise 1 trilyon dolar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Avrupa genelindeki toptan elektrik fiyatlar\u0131 g\u00f6rece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olsa da ABD ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda fiyatlar\u0131n %30 daha pahal\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca konutlarda kullan\u0131lan elektri\u011fin vergi sonras\u0131 fiyatlar\u0131nda 2012-2013 d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fanan ortalama art\u0131\u015f %4,4 olmu\u015ftur. \u2013 Toptan do\u011fal gaz fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n ise ABD\u2019deki fiyatlardan iki kat daha pahal\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Avrupa ile d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgeleri aras\u0131nda enerji fiyat farklar\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6zellikle enerji yo\u011fun sekt\u00f6rlerde Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkilemektedir.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Fosil enerji kaynaklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan fakir olan Avrupa bu konudaki a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmak ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele etmek amac\u0131yla son 10 y\u0131lda yenilenebilir enerjide yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck at\u0131l\u0131mla bug\u00fcn geli\u015fmi\u015f bir yenilenebilir enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne sahiptir. Bug\u00fcn Avrupa\u2019daki yenilenebilir enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u0131ll\u0131k toplam cirosu 129 milyar Euro\u2019yu, istihdam etti\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan say\u0131s\u0131 ise 1 milyonu a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerdeki yenilebilir enerji \u015firketleri d\u00fcnyadaki yenilenebilir enerji teknolojilerindeki toplam patentlerin %40\u2019\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Enerji Birli\u011fi, \u00f6z\u00fcnde iddial\u0131 bir iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi politikas\u0131 bulunan; hane halk\u0131 ve i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, rekabet\u00e7i, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli enerji sunulabilmesini ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Bu amaca ula\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in ise Avrupa enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde temel bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn AB, \u00fcye \u00fclkelerde ge\u00e7erli baz\u0131 genel d\u00fczenlemelere sahip olsa da pratikte 28 \u00fcye \u00fclkenin enerjide kendi d\u00fczenleyici \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri vard\u0131r. Bu etkin ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olmayan bir durumdur. Bu nedenle Avrupa\u2019da daha rekabet\u00e7i, enerji \u00fcretim tesislerinin daha iyi kullan\u0131larak piyasada etkinli\u011fin sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve t\u00fcketicilere uygun fiyatlarla enerjinin sunulabildi\u011fi entegre bir piyasan\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Enerji Birli\u011fi daha g\u00fcvenli, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ve rekabet\u00e7i bir enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in birbirini destekleyen ve birbiriyle yak\u0131n ili\u015fkili olan 5 temel ba\u015fl\u0131ktan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u2013 Enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, dayan\u0131\u015fma ve g\u00fcven<\/p>\n

\u2013 Tam entegre Avrupa enerji piyasas\u0131<\/p>\n

\u2013 Enerji verimlili\u011fi artt\u0131r\u0131larak enerji talebine katk\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ekonomide karbonsuzla\u015fman\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131<\/p>\n

\u2013 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, yenilik\u00e7ilik ve rekabet\u00e7ilik Detaylara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan ve \u00fczerinde en \u00e7ok durulan ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda entegre bir enerji piyasas\u0131 kurulmas\u0131 ve enerji verimlili\u011fi oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Son 1 y\u0131lda enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelinen riskler sonras\u0131nda enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve do\u011fal gazda tek \u00fclkeye ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131ktan kurtularak kaynak \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 AB i\u00e7in enerjide \u00f6ncelikli konu haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk a\u015famada Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n \u015eah Deniz 2 sahas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak do\u011fal gaz\u0131 Avrupa\u2019ya getirecek olan G\u00fcney Gaz Koridoru, enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011finin ve kaynak \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in Enerji Birli\u011fi paketinde \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemle durulan ve \u00f6ncelikli maddeler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. \u0130lerleyen y\u0131llarda G\u00fcney Gaz Koridoru arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Azerbaycan\u2019a ek olarak T\u00fcrkmenistan, Irak ve Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019deki do\u011fal gaz rezervleri de Avrupa\u2019ya ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilecektir. Bu kapsamda at\u0131lacak ad\u0131mlardan bir di\u011feri ise elektrik ve do\u011fal gaz iletim altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi ve \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda i\u015fleyen, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir enterkoneksiyon a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tesis edilebilmesidir.<\/p>\n

Enerji Birli\u011fi paketinde yer alan di\u011fer maddelerin tamam\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeye \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki hafta da devam edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

Yararlan\u0131lan Kaynak:
\nHazar Strateji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Enerji ve Ekonomi Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi, Y\u00f6netici Bilgi Notu, 2015 (24).
\nHaz\u0131rlayanlar: Dr. Efgan Nifti, Emin Akhundzada, Emin Emrah Dan\u0131\u015f<\/strong><\/h5>\n
Hazar Strateji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6zel Raporu<\/em><\/div>\n
\n

Hazar Strateji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Enerji ve Ekonomi Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi\u00a0 taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan Y\u00f6netici Bilgi Notu, Enerji\u00a0 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnden \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6netici, b\u00fcrokrat, karar al\u0131c\u0131 ve uzmanlara\u00a0 g\u00f6nderilmektedir.<\/em><\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) enerji arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra enerji maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp verimlilik art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak k\u00fcresel ticarette rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmak ve iklim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36930,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[1192,2132,92,343,63,9809,14009,67,232,1009,1614,2698,165,21698],"views":571,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36929"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36929"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36929\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36931,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36929\/revisions\/36931"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36929"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36929"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36929"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}