{"id":34358,"date":"2014-12-11T14:36:18","date_gmt":"2014-12-11T11:36:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=34358"},"modified":"2014-12-11T18:44:27","modified_gmt":"2014-12-11T15:44:27","slug":"tedarikci-secme-ozgurlugu-ve-hukuki-ayrismanin-enerji-fiyatlarina-etkileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/tedarikci-secme-ozgurlugu-ve-hukuki-ayrismanin-enerji-fiyatlarina-etkileri\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Tedarik\u00e7i Se\u00e7me \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve Hukuki Ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Enerji Fiyatlar\u0131na Etkileri…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Mehmet K\u00f6ksal<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 4628 say\u0131l\u0131 EPK ile rekabet\u00e7i bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturmak ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kanunla ilk defa belli bir t\u00fcketim limitini a\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00fcretim, toptan\/perakende \u015firketleriyle direk s\u00f6zle\u015fme yaparak elektrik alabilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span>\u00a04628 ve 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 6446 say\u0131l\u0131 EPK gere\u011fince \"elektrik-saya\u00e7-serbest-t\u00fcketici-limiti-23904978233\"<\/a>tedarik\u00e7isini se\u00e7(e)meyen t\u00fcketicilere lisans sahiplerinin teklifi EPDK\u2019n\u0131n belirlemesiyle ulusal tarife uygulanmakta, bu tarifede \u00e7apraz s\u00fcbvansiyon yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (EPK 17. md).<\/p>\n

Serbest T\u00fcketici Kavram\u0131<\/h3>\n

Yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lan piyasalarda t\u00fcketicinin alternatif tedarik\u00e7i edinebilmeleri ve sat\u0131n alacaklar\u0131 elektrik fiyat\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunda s\u00f6z sahibi olmalar\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. EPK\u2019da tedarik\u00e7isini se\u00e7me \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olan t\u00fcketiciye serbest t\u00fcketici denmi\u015ftir (EPK 3. Md.). Serbest t\u00fcketicilerin ikili anla\u015fma yapabilecekleri tedarik\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 725 civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. EPDK serbest t\u00fcketici limitini (y\u0131ll\u0131k t\u00fcketim miktar\u0131) 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan (9.000.000 kWh) 2014 y\u0131l\u0131na (4500 kWh) peyderpey d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Nihai ama\u00e7 t\u00fcm t\u00fcketicilerin serbest t\u00fcketici olmas\u0131d\u0131r. (YPK 2009 tarihli Elektrik Enerjisi Piyasas\u0131 ve Arz G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Strateji Belgesi 2015 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar demi\u015ftir). 2014 Nisan faturalar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda her \u015fey dahil ayl\u0131k ortalama 140 TL \u00f6deyen ticarethane ve 136 TL \u00f6deyen mesken tedarik\u00e7isini se\u00e7me hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Tedarik\u00e7isini Se\u00e7en Serbest T\u00fcketici Say\u0131s\u0131na Etkisi<\/h3>\n

2013 y\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6ncesi kendi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m b\u00f6lgelerinde ba\u015fka tedarik\u00e7i bulamayan serbest t\u00fcketicilere lisans al\u0131p sat\u0131\u015f hizmeti vermek zorunda, ald\u0131klar\u0131 perakende lisans\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131yla da di\u011fer da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m b\u00f6lgelerinde sat\u0131\u015f yapabilmekte idiler. EPK gere\u011fince 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcretim ve tedarik faaliyetleri hukuki olarak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, perakende sat\u0131\u015f ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m faaliyetleri ayr\u0131 t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerce y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla \u00fclke geneli sat\u0131\u015f yapma hakk\u0131 elde eden 21 perakende sat\u0131\u015f \u015firketi olu\u015fmu\u015f, serbest t\u00fcketici limiti de 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda 5000 kWh\u2019e (2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda 25.000 kWh) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle ikili anla\u015fma yapan serbest t\u00fcketici say\u0131s\u0131nda ciddi bir art\u0131\u015f olmu\u015ftur. Bu say\u0131 2012 Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda 40.728 iken 2014 Nisan ay\u0131nda 771.048\u2019e ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tarifeler ve \u00c7apraz S\u00fcbvansiyon<\/h3>\n

EPK\u2019n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici 1. Maddesi gere\u011fince kay\u0131p-ka\u00e7ak ve perakende sat\u0131\u015f maliyetlerinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeler maliyetinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ulusal tarife yoluyla bu maliyetlerin daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelere yans\u0131t\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Tarifeler y\u00f6netmeli\u011fiyle sanayi, tar\u0131msal sulama, mesken, ayd\u0131nlatma ve ticaret olarak be\u015f ana tarife grubunun ayr\u0131lan t\u00fcketicilerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131 tarifelerde olu\u015fturulan oransall\u0131klarla di\u011fer gruplar\u0131n enerji maliyetlerini \u00fcstlenmekle onlar\u0131 s\u00fcbvanse etmektedirler. Bu oransall\u0131k ge\u00e7en alt\u0131 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde olduk\u00e7a azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 gruba giren aboneler aras\u0131 \u00f6denen farkl\u0131 bedeller de 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda giderilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Be\u015f ana tarife grubu oldu\u011fu ve enerji tarifesinin tek zamanl\u0131 oldu\u011fu kabul\u00fcyle tarifeye konu birim maliyetinin 15 kr oldu\u011fu durumda \u00f6rnek fiyat hesaplamas\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
ABONE GRUBU<\/td>\nF\u0130YATORANSALLI\u011eI<\/td>\nM\u0130KTAR(kWh)<\/td>\nF\u0130YAT (kr\/ kWh)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sanayi<\/td>\n0,847<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n13,588<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ticarethane<\/td>\n1,003<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,091<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mesken<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,043<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ayd\u0131nlatma<\/td>\n0,874<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n14,021<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tar\u0131msal Sulama<\/td>\n0,853<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n13,684<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00d6rnekte;<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Toplam sat\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131 180<\/li>\n
  • Birim maliyetin 15 kr oldu\u011fu kabul\u00fcyle toplam maliyet 27 TL (2700 kr) olur.<\/li>\n
  • Abone gruplar\u0131na uygulanan fiyatlar son s\u00fctunda.<\/li>\n
  • Sanayi abone grubu kendi enerji maliyetinin yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak %90,6\u2019s\u0131n\u0131, ayd\u0131nlatma abone grubu yakla\u015f\u0131k %93\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc, tar\u0131msal sulama abone grubu ise yakla\u015f\u0131k %91\u2019ini \u00f6demektedir. Geriye kalan\u0131 ise ticarethane ve mesken abone gruplar\u0131nca finanse edilmektedir<\/li>\n
  • Ticarethane abone grubu kendi enerji maliyetinden yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak %7,23, mesken abone grubu ise %6,95 daha fazla enerji bedeli \u00f6demekte ve di\u011fer abone gruplar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbvanse etmektedirler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte ticarethane abone grubunun 50 kWh olan t\u00fcketiminin 30 kWh\u2019ini ikili anla\u015fmalarla ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    ABONEGRUBU<\/td>\nF\u0130YAT ORANSALLI\u011eI<\/td>\n\u0130LK M\u0130KTAR (kWh)<\/td>\n\u0130LKF\u0130YAT(kr\/kWh)<\/td>\n\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130M\u0130KTAR(kWh)<\/td>\n\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130F\u0130YAT(kr\/ kWh)<\/td>\nF\u0130YATDE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sanayi<\/td>\n0,847<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n13,588<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n13,789<\/td>\n1,48%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ticarethane<\/td>\n1,003<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,091<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n16,328<\/td>\n1,48%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Mesken<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,043<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,280<\/td>\n1,48%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ayd\u0131nlatma<\/td>\n0,874<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n14,021<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n14,228<\/td>\n1,48%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tar\u0131msalSulama<\/td>\n0,853<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n13,684<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n13,886<\/td>\n1,48%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Tarifeye konu birim maliyette de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen t\u00fcm abone gruplar\u0131n\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131nda %1,48\u2019lik art\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcbvanse edenin daha fazla s\u00fcbvanse etmesi, s\u00fcbvanse edilenin de ilk duruma g\u00f6re daha fazla \u00f6demesi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Mesken abone grubunun da t\u00fcketiminin 20 kWh\u2019ini ikili anla\u015fma ile ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    ABONEGRUBU<\/td>\nF\u0130YATORANSALLI\u011eI<\/td>\n\u0130LKM\u0130KTAR(kWh)<\/td>\n\u0130LKF\u0130YAT(kr\/kWh)<\/td>\n\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130M\u0130KTAR(kWh)<\/td>\n\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130F\u0130YAT(kr\/kWh)<\/td>\n\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcNC\u00dcM\u0130KTAR(kWh)<\/td>\n\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcNC\u00dcF\u0130YAT(kr\/kWh)<\/td>\n\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130F\u0130YATAG\u00d6REDE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130M<\/td>\n\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130F\u0130YATAG\u00d6REDE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130M<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sanayi<\/td>\n0,847<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n13,588<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n13,789<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n13,972<\/td>\n1,33%<\/td>\n2,83%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ticarethane<\/td>\n1,003<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,091<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,328<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n16,546<\/td>\n1,33%<\/td>\n2,83%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Mesken<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,043<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n16,280<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n16,496<\/td>\n1,33%<\/td>\n2,83%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ayd\u0131nlatma<\/td>\n0,874<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n14,021<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n14,228<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n14,418<\/td>\n1,33%<\/td>\n2,83%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tar\u0131msalSulama<\/td>\n0,853<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n13,684<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n13,886<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n14,071<\/td>\n1,33%<\/td>\n2,83%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Tarifeye konu birim maliyette de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen t\u00fcm abone gruplar\u0131n\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131nda ilk duruma g\u00f6re %1,33 ikinci duruma g\u00f6re %2,83\u2019l\u00fck bir art\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Bu \u00f6rneklerden de anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi serbest t\u00fcketici limitlerinin indirilmesi ba\u015fka abone gruplar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbvanse eden abone gruplar\u0131n\u0131n bu y\u00fcksek maliyetten ka\u00e7mak i\u00e7in ikili anla\u015fmalara y\u00f6neldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Uzun vadede fiyatlar\u0131n artmas\u0131yla di\u011fer aboneleri s\u00fcbvanse eden abone gruplar\u0131n\u0131n ikili anla\u015fmalara daha fazla y\u00f6nelece\u011fi, bundan dolay\u0131 da s\u00fcbvanse edilen gruplar\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 sonucu onlar\u0131nda ikili anla\u015fmalara y\u00f6nelece\u011fi s\u00f6z konusu olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Serbest t\u00fcketicilerin birim fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmamas\u0131n\u0131n tek yolu enerji maliyetlerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesidir. Bunun olabilmesi i\u00e7in tedarik \u015firketlerinin tek al\u0131m kayna\u011f\u0131 TETA\u015e oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131l\u0131rsa TETA\u015e sat\u0131\u015f fiyat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesi gerekecektir. Piyasa dinamikleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bunun m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011finden baz\u0131 gruplar\u0131n desteklenmesi i\u00e7in uzun vadede do\u011frudan nakdi destek vb bir yol g\u00f6z\u00fckmektedir.<\/p>\n

    (Bu makale E\u0130GM Ekim-Kas\u0131m Bilteninde yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/em><\/p>\n

    Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Mehmet K\u00f6ksal 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 4628 say\u0131l\u0131 EPK ile rekabet\u00e7i bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturmak ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kanunla ilk defa belli bir t\u00fcketim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53],"tags":[68,1451,15465,14278,774,20125,20126,20127,20128,3499],"views":930,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34358"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34358"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34358\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34369,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34358\/revisions\/34369"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34358"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34358"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34358"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}