{"id":33431,"date":"2014-11-13T09:58:48","date_gmt":"2014-11-13T06:58:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=33431"},"modified":"2014-11-13T09:58:48","modified_gmt":"2014-11-13T06:58:48","slug":"makale-arpa-enin-enerji-depolama-projeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/makale-arpa-enin-enerji-depolama-projeleri\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Makale: ARPA-E\u2019nin Enerji Depolama Projeleri!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sistemlerin g\u00fcvenilir ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde i\u015fleyebilmesi i\u00e7in elektrik \u00fcretimi arz ve talep dengesi g\u00f6zetilerek planl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc t\u00fcketilmeyecek elektri\u011fin \u00fcretimi, depolama teknolojilerinin hen\u00fcz yeterli d\u00fczeyde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, mevcut olan s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n gereksiz yere sarf edilmesine neden olacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elektrikle ilgili yayg\u0131n kan\u0131, onun depolanamayaca\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindedir. Bu yarg\u0131 k\u0131smen do\u011fru olsa da, d\u00fcnya birincil enerji arz\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k %80 ile olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck bir paya sahip olan fosil yak\u0131tlar, ele\"Battery\"<\/a>ktri\u011fe \u00e7evrilmeden \u00f6nce tank ya da stok sahalar\u0131nda depolanabilmektedir. Bu sayede, s\u00f6z konusu enerji kaynaklar\u0131, ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funda santrallerde elektri\u011fe \u00e7evrilebilmekte, bunlar\u0131 yak\u0131t olarak kullanan santrallerin emre amadelikleri y\u00fcksek olmakta ve g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde elektrik arz\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaktad\u0131r. Bu da enerjinin depolanabilmesinin ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu t\u00fcr yak\u0131tlar\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n sadece belirli b\u00f6lgelerinden elde edilebilmesi, bu kaynaklar\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerdeki siyasi krizler nedeniyle di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve kesintisiz elektrik \u00fcretiminde zaman zaman s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015famas\u0131na sebep olmaktad\u0131r. Buna ek olarak, fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n er ge\u00e7 t\u00fckenecek olmas\u0131, yak\u0131t fiyatlar\u0131ndaki d\u00f6nemsel dalgalanmalar ve \u00e7evresel kayg\u0131lar, bu yak\u0131tlara alternatif ve tekrar tekrar temini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan temiz enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fosil yak\u0131tlara alternatif olan yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ise her \u00fclkenin kendi yerli kaynak imkanlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde elde edebilece\u011fi temiz enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi tahmin edilmesi zor, depolanmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 ve s\u00fcreklili\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenlerle de yenilenebilir enerjiden elde edilen elektri\u011fin \u015febekelere entegrasyonunda zorluklar ya\u015fanmakta ve yenilenebilir enerjiden elektrik \u00fcreten santraller fosil yak\u0131tl\u0131 santrallere k\u0131yasla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emre amadelikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Dahas\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde enerjiyi depolamada kullan\u0131lan ticari olarak uygulanabilir y\u00f6ntemlerin say\u0131ca az olmas\u0131, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen ihtiya\u00e7 fazlas\u0131 elektri\u011fin depolanmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Enerjinin depolanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin mevcut olan y\u00f6ntemler daha \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rma\/geli\u015ftirme safhas\u0131nda ve yak\u0131n gelecekte yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 olan y\u00f6ntemler olsa da ABD\u2019de kamu kurulu\u015fu niteli\u011fini haiz Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), \u00fcmit vadeden bir\u00e7ok enerji depolama projesini ciddi anlamda mali y\u00f6nden desteklemektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu k\u0131sa bilgilendirme yaz\u0131s\u0131nda, ARPA-E\u2019nin te\u015fvik ve mali deste\u011fiyle ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen enerji depolama projelerine ili\u015fkin \u00f6zet bilgi verilmektedir. ARPA-E taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen enerji depolama projeleri genel\u00a0olarak iki ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplanabilir. Bunlardan ilki istasyon depolama (stationary storage), di\u011feri ise ta\u015f\u0131tlarda depolama (transportation storage) projeleridir. Her iki grup alt\u0131ndaki projelerin de ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fi, enerjinin g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde ve \u00e7evresel kayg\u0131lar g\u00f6zeterek ekonomik olarak depolanmas\u0131 ve depolanan enerjinin ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan y\u00f6ntemler geli\u015ftirme amac\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

ARPA-E taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen istasyon depolama projeleri, \u015febeke \u00f6l\u00e7ekli piller (Grid-Scale Batteries), termal ve kinetik depolama ile sens\u00f6r ve kontrol sistemleri (Sensors & Conrols) temelli projeler olarak d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 kategoriye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu projelerde kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemler birbirlerinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 olsa da, genel olarak yenilenebilir kaynaklardan \u00fcretilen enerjinin etkin ve verimli bir \u015fekilde depolanarak gerekti\u011finde kullan\u0131labilmesi amac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. ARPA-E\u2019nin internet sitesinden derlenen baz\u0131 istasyon depolama projeleri Tablo 1\u2019de \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
Tablo 1. ARPA-E taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen \u0130stasyon Depolama Projeleri <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rma <\/p>\n

Kurumu<\/td>\n

Mali <\/p>\n

Destek ($)<\/td>\n

Proje <\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemi<\/td>\n

Kategori<\/td>\nProje Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Tan\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Alveo Energy<\/td>\n4milyon<\/td>\n2013\u00ad <\/p>\n

2016<\/td>\n

Grid Scale Batteries<\/td>\nPrussian Blue Dye Batteries <\/p>\n

Ucuz ve kolay bulunabilir Prusya mavi boyas\u0131n\u0131n elektrik y\u00fcklerini tutma \u00f6zelli\u011fini kullanarak pil geli\u015ftirme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Materials & Systems Research Inc.<\/td>\n1.7milyon<\/td>\n2012\u00ad <\/p>\n

2015<\/td>\n

Grid Scale Batteries<\/td>\nAdvanced Sodium Battery <\/p>\n

Sodyum pillerinde kullanmak \u00fczere y\u00fcksek dayan\u0131ml\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli kat\u0131 hal elekrolit zar\u0131 geli\u015ftirme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Harvard <\/p>\n

University<\/td>\n

4.3milyon<\/td>\n2013\u00ad <\/p>\n

2017<\/td>\n

Grid Scale Batteries<\/td>\nOrganic Flow Battery for Energy Storage <\/p>\n

Sulu elektrolitte k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve ucuz organik molek\u00fcller kullanan flow battery (ak\u0131\u015f pili) geli\u015ftirme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Halotechnics<\/td>\n3.3milyon<\/td>\n2012\u00ad <\/p>\n

2014<\/td>\n

Termal<\/td>\nMolten Glass for Thermal Storage <\/p>\n

Cam eriyi\u011fi kullanarak g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisini depolama projesi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Beacon Power<\/td>\n4.3milyon<\/td>\n2012\u00ad <\/p>\n

2016<\/td>\n

Kinetik<\/td>\nNext-Generation Flywheel Energy Storage <\/p>\n

Mevcut teknolojilerinden daha ekonomik olan, merkezinde \u015faft i\u00e7ermeyen ve benzer teknolojilere nazaran %400 daha fazla enerji elde edilebilmesine olanak sa\u011flayan flywheel (volan) geli\u015ftirme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rma <\/p>\n

Kurumu<\/td>\n

Mali <\/p>\n

Destek ($)<\/td>\n

Proje <\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemi<\/td>\n

Kategori<\/td>\nProje Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Tan\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
University of Washington<\/td>\n1.4milyon<\/td>\n2012\u00ad <\/p>\n

2015<\/td>\n

Sensors & Conrols<\/td>\nRenewable Energy Positioning System <\/p>\n

Depolama tesislerinin bulundu\u011fu yeri optimum \u015fekilde se\u00e7erek \u015febekelerin g\u00fcvenli i\u015flemesini sa\u011flama projesi<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0130stasyon depolama projelerine nazaran say\u0131ca nispeten daha az olsa da ARPA-E taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen ta\u015f\u0131tlarda depolama projeleri, her g\u00fcn bir\u00e7ok kez ula\u015f\u0131mda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ara\u00e7lar\u0131n, enerji depolama kapasitelerinin art\u0131r\u0131larak \u00e7evreyle daha dost ve uzun menzilli ara\u00e7lar geli\u015ftirilmesi amac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda, ta\u015f\u0131tlarda depolama projeleri, ara\u00e7 pilleri (Vehicle Batteries) ve pilsiz (Non-Battery) olmak \u00fczere ARPA-E taraf\u0131ndan iki kategoriye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ARPA-E\u2019nin internet sitesinden derlenen ta\u015f\u0131tlarda depolama projelerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 Tablo 2\u2019de \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n
Tablo 2. ARPA-E taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen Ta\u015f\u0131tlarda Depolama Projeleri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rma <\/p>\n

Kurumu<\/td>\n

Mali <\/p>\n

Destek ($)<\/td>\n

Proje <\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemi<\/td>\n

Kategori<\/td>\nProje Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Tan\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GE Global Research<\/td>\n891bin<\/td>\n2014\u00ad <\/p>\n

2015<\/td>\n

Vehicle <\/p>\n

Batteries<\/td>\n

Water-Based Flow Battery for EV <\/p>\n

Maliyetleri %75\u2019e kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesinin yan\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131t menzilini 240 mile \u00e7\u0131kartmas\u0131 planlanan ak\u0131\u015f pili (flow battery) geli\u015ftirme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Massachusetts Institute of Technology<\/td>\n2.7milyon<\/td>\n2011\u00ad <\/p>\n

2014<\/td>\n

Non\u00ad <\/p>\n

Battery<\/td>\n

Advanced Thermo-Adsorptive Battery <\/p>\n

Elektrikli ara\u00e7larda menzili %30 kadar art\u0131ran \u0131s\u0131 emi\u015fli pil geli\u015ftirme (thermo-adsorptive battery-ATB)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Georgia Institute of Technology<\/td>\n2.1milyon<\/td>\n2013\u00ad <\/p>\n

2016<\/td>\n

Non\u00ad <\/p>\n

Battery<\/td>\n

Graphene-Based Supercapacitors <\/p>\n

Mevcut teknolojilerin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha fazla enerji depolanmas\u0131na imkan tan\u0131yan ve malzeme olarak graphene kullanan s\u00fcper kapasit\u00f6r geli\u015ftirme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ozan Soyda\u015f<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Bu makale E\u0130GM A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl 2014 B\u00fclteninde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sistemlerin g\u00fcvenilir ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde i\u015fleyebilmesi i\u00e7in elektrik \u00fcretimi arz ve talep dengesi g\u00f6zetilerek planl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[19517,19518,19519,19520,2258,1800,19521,19522,19523,19524,2918,508],"views":1669,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33431"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33431"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33433,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33431\/revisions\/33433"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}