{"id":32552,"date":"2014-10-17T13:20:32","date_gmt":"2014-10-17T10:20:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=32552"},"modified":"2014-10-17T13:20:32","modified_gmt":"2014-10-17T10:20:32","slug":"makale-putin-avrupaya-dogalgaz-akisini-keser-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/makale-putin-avrupaya-dogalgaz-akisini-keser-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Makale: Putin, Avrupa\u2019ya Do\u011falgaz Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Keser Mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Paul Kirby \/ BBC<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

G\u00fcnler so\u011fuyor, geceler uzuyor; fakat Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fc\u015f\u00fcmeden ge\u00e7irmesini sa\u011flayacak ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da kom\u015fusunun do\u011falgaz ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 garantileyecek bir anla\u015fma halen g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde yok.\"abden-rusya-riskine-karsi-dogalgaz-icin-acil-durum-plani\"<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Haziran ay\u0131nda Kiev h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile Rusya yanl\u0131s\u0131 isyanc\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki kriz t\u0131rman\u0131rken, Rus yetkililer Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n gaz muslu\u011funu kapatt\u0131. Taraflar ge\u00e7en zaman zarf\u0131nda yeniden uzla\u015fma yollar\u0131n\u0131 arad\u0131 ama hen\u00fcz bir sonuca ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f de\u011filler.<\/p>\n

Rusya, Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n Gaz\u0131n\u0131 Neden Kesti?<\/h4>\n

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n devlete ba\u011fl\u0131 do\u011falgaz \u015firketi Gazprom Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6demedi\u011finden \u015fikayet ediyordu. 16 Haziran tarihinde Ukrayna\u2019ya sevkedilen do\u011falgaz\u0131n kesilmesine karar verildi. Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n toplam 5.3 milyar dolar borcu oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Gazprom, Kiev h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir \u00f6deme yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bast\u0131r\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Taraflar aras\u0131nda gaz anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk kez ya\u015fanm\u0131yor. Rusya, 2006\u2019da ve 2008-2009 k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da fiyat anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n gaz\u0131n\u0131 kesmi\u015fti. Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n siyasi gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve Rusya aras\u0131nda k\u0131z\u0131\u015fan \u00e7eki\u015fme, gaz pazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00e7etrefil hale getirdi.<\/p>\n

Son krize de\u011fin, Ukraya do\u011falgaz ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Rusya\u2019dan temin ediyordu. Slovakya gibi kimi AB devletleri bu konuda tamamen Rusya\u2019ya ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131. Genele bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda AB gaz\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 23\u2019\u00fc Rusya\u2019dan geliyor.<\/p>\n

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n AB \u00fclkelerine satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011falgaz\u0131n y\u00fczde 70\u2019e varan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Ukrayna \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7en boru hatlar\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131yor. Her ne kadar Rus h\u00fck\u00fcmeti son zamanlarda Ukrayna\u2019y\u0131 bertaraf etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zellikle Kuzey Ak\u0131m ve G\u00fcney Ak\u0131m gibi projeleri devreye sokmu\u015f olsa da, \u015fu an i\u00e7in iki \u00fclke de do\u011falgaz konusunda birbirine a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a muhta\u00e7.<\/p>\n

Moskova, Ukrayna Krizinde Do\u011falgaz Kart\u0131n\u0131 M\u0131 Kullan\u0131yor?<\/h3>\n

Aral\u0131k 2013\u2019te Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n o zamanki Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Viktor Yanukovi\u00e7, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile daha yak\u0131n ili\u015fkileri hedefleyen bir anla\u015fmay\u0131 son raddede rafa kald\u0131r\u0131p, bunun ard\u0131ndan Rusya ile \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyattan do\u011falgaz ithal etmesini sa\u011flayacak bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. AB yanl\u0131s\u0131 protestocular, bu geli\u015fmeye \u00f6fkeyle tepki vermi\u015f, sonu\u00e7ta Yanukovi\u00e7 iktidar\u0131 devrilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Nisan ay\u0131nda Rusya h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Ukrayna\u2019ya gaz\u0131n fiyat\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczde 80 art\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130lk etapta \u00f6denmemi\u015f faturalar nedeniyle 1000 metrek\u00fcp gaz\u0131n fiyat\u0131 268.5 dolardan 385.5\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sonra buna eklenen zamla gaz\u0131n fiyat\u0131 pazar seviyesinin \u00e7ok daha \u00fczerinde olan 485 dolara de\u011fin t\u0131rmand\u0131. Moskova sebep olarak do\u011falgaza getirilen ihracat vergisini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Ukrayna, fiyat art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tamamen siyasi oldu\u011funda \u0131srar ediyor. Fakat Gazprom, sadece bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tahsil etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6nerdi\u011fi fiyat\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7en ay Polonya, Slovakya ve Almanya\u2019ya sevkedilen do\u011falgaz\u0131n esrarengiz \u015fekilde azalmas\u0131 endi\u015fe yaratt\u0131. Kimi g\u00f6zlemciler bunu AB\u2019nin Rusya\u2019ya uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 geni\u015fletmemesi i\u00e7in bir uyar\u0131 sinyali olarak alg\u0131lad\u0131. Baz\u0131 AB \u00fclkelerinin Rusya\u2019dan ald\u0131klar\u0131 gaz\u0131 Ukrayna\u2019ya geri satarak bu \u00fclkenin a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da AB\u2019ye y\u00f6nelik do\u011falgaz muslu\u011funun k\u0131s\u0131lmas\u0131nda rol oynam\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n

Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n K\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00dc\u015f\u00fcyerek Ge\u00e7irmesi Olas\u0131 M\u0131?<\/h3>\n

Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n gaz s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ya\u015famas\u0131 olas\u0131 riskler aras\u0131nda. 2006\u2019da ve 2008-2009 k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bu durum ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ge\u00e7en ay Ukrayna ile vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 serbeset ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giri\u015f tarihini Aral\u0131k 2015\u2019e ertelemesi, k\u0131\u015f yakla\u015f\u0131rken bir do\u011falgaz krizini kap\u0131s\u0131ndan uzak tutmak istemesiyle a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir.<\/p>\n

Avrupa\u2019da 38 \u00fclkeyi kapsayan bir dizi \u2018stres testi\u2019 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren AB, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n do\u011falgaz sevkiyat\u0131ndaki kestintilerin uzamas\u0131 durumunda bir\u00e7ok ailenin k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ortas\u0131nda yak\u0131ts\u0131z kalabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. En k\u00f6t\u00fc etkilenecek \u00fclkeler Finlandiya, Estonya ve AB d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki Balkan devletleri S\u0131rbistan, Bosna ve Makedonya olarak s\u0131ralan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Balt\u0131k \u00fclkeleri, Slovakya ve Macaristan da b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta Rus do\u011falgaz\u0131na muhta\u00e7.<\/p>\n

Ama Avrupa Komisyonu, \u201dsadece ulusal zeminde \u00f6nlemler almak yerine\u201d birlikte hareket edilirse daha az say\u0131da t\u00fcketicinin etkilenece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Rusya, Do\u011falgaz\u0131n\u0131 Ukrayna D\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Yollardan G\u00f6ndermeyi Ba\u015farabilir Mi?<\/h3>\n

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n \u015fu s\u0131ralarda ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fey bu. En b\u00fcy\u00fck projelerinden biri olan G\u00fcney Ak\u0131m, Bulgaristan ve Macaristan \u00fczerinden bir dizi AB \u00fclkesini katediyor.<\/p>\n

Ukrayna Do\u011falgaz\u0131n\u0131 Ba\u015fka Yerlerden Temin Edebilir Mi?<\/h3>\n

Rusya\u2019n\u0131n do\u011falgaz sevkiyat\u0131n\u0131 durdurmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Ukrayna h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Almanya, \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti, Slovakya ve Polonya\u2019dan gaz almak i\u00e7in alternatif yollar arad\u0131. Slovak \u015firketi Eustream Ukrayna\u2019ya y\u0131lda 10 milyar metrek\u00fcp gaz sa\u011flamay\u0131 vaadediyor. Almanya\u2019n\u0131n do\u011falgaz \u015firketi RWE de benzer bir miktar\u0131 sa\u011flayabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Norve\u00e7\u2019in Statoil \u015firketi Ukrayna ile bir anla\u015fma imzalad\u0131 fakat hacmi ve fiyat\u0131 konusunu sakl\u0131 tutuyor. (Bu gizlili\u011fin sebebi Kuzey Kutbu\u2019ndaki enerji sahalar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lma gayretlerinden kaynaklan\u0131yor olabilir.) Macaristan da yak\u0131n zamana de\u011fin Ukrayna\u2019ya do\u011falgaz sa\u011fl\u0131yordu fakat Eyl\u00fcl sonunda art\u0131k buna sona verece\u011fini duyurdu.<\/p>\n

DEVAMI \u0130\u00c7\u0130N TIKLAYINIZ>>><\/a><\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Paul Kirby \/ BBC G\u00fcnler so\u011fuyor, geceler uzuyor; fakat Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fc\u015f\u00fcmeden ge\u00e7irmesini sa\u011flayacak ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da kom\u015fusunun do\u011falgaz ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 garantileyecek bir anla\u015fma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[46,53],"tags":[2132,18930,2859,18931,6731,6619,4221,3242,13521],"views":937,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32552"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32552"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32552\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32553,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32552\/revisions\/32553"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32552"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32552"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}