{"id":32213,"date":"2014-10-07T16:36:08","date_gmt":"2014-10-07T13:36:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=32213"},"modified":"2014-10-07T16:36:08","modified_gmt":"2014-10-07T13:36:08","slug":"analiz-elektrik-enerji-sistemleri-acisindan-temel-yuk-santralinin-onemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/analiz-elektrik-enerji-sistemleri-acisindan-temel-yuk-santralinin-onemi\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Analiz: Elektrik Enerji Sistemleri A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Temel Y\u00fck Santralinin \u00d6nemi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"qtranxs-available-languages-message qtranxs-available-languages-message-en\">Sorry, this entry is only available in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32213\" class=\"qtranxs-available-language-link qtranxs-available-language-link-tr\" title=\"Turkish\">Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p><p><strong>Talebin Esnekli\u011fi ve Temel Y\u00fck: Elektrik enerjisi talebi, y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde mevsimden mevsime, g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde ise farkl\u0131 saatlere g\u00f6re \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli miktarda de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermektedir.<span id=\"more-67408\"><\/span> \u00d6rne\u011fin, yaz aylar\u0131nda hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclecek 1-\u00a02 C\u2019lik art\u0131\u015f \u00f6zellikle klima y\u00fcklerinden dolay\u0131 talepte \u00f6nemli miktarda art\u0131\u015fa neden olmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca hafta sonu, tatil g\u00fcnleri ve \u00f6zellikle bayram vb. resmi tatil g\u00fcnlerinde elektrik enerjisi talebinde \u00f6nemli miktarda azalma g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Grafik\u00a01\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi \u00fczere \u00fclkemizde g\u00fcnl\u00fck talebin \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zamanlar y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131, ramazan ve kurban bayram\u0131 g\u00fcnleridir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/enerjienstitusu.com\/file\/grafik-ggg111.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-67414 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/enerjienstitusu.com\/file\/grafik-ggg111.jpg\" alt=\"grafik ggg111\" width=\"591\" height=\"298\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Grafik 1- 2013 Y\u0131l\u0131 Elektrik Talebinin ve Termik Kaynakl\u0131 \u00dcretimin G\u00fcnl\u00fck De\u011fi\u015fimi<\/p>\n<p>2013 y\u0131l\u0131na bak\u0131lacak olursa, talebin zamana ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi ve azami ve asgari olarak belirli s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7erisinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Elektrik enerjisi talebinin azami ve asgari olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli de\u011fi\u015fkenler olmakla birlikte, y\u0131l boyunca g\u00fcnl\u00fck 400.000 MWh seviyesinin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Temel y\u00fck olarak ifade edebilece\u011fimiz bu asgari talebin zaman\u0131n herhangi bir\u00a0an\u0131nda ya da y\u0131l\u0131n herhangi bir d\u00f6neminde mutlaka kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Her 13 elektrik g\u00fc\u00e7 sisteminin, g\u00fcvenilir ve verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi, en az\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli talep edilen asgari g\u00fcc\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131lanabilmesi i\u00e7in temel y\u00fck santrallerine ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Elektrik enerjisinin baz\u0131 temel \u00f6zellikleri dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kullan\u0131m\u0131nda sorunlar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir. Birincil olarak, \u00fcretilerek g\u00fc\u00e7 sistemine verilen elektrik enerjisi, \u00fcretildi\u011fi ayn\u0131 anda t\u00fcketilmeli, yani arz ve talep dengeli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7 sistemi anl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015febilen t\u00fcketim talebini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in gerekli elektrik \u00fcretim kapasitesini emre amade bulundurmak durumundad\u0131r. Gerekli \u00fcretim kapasitesinin emre amade olarak bulundurulmas\u0131 ya elektri\u011fin depolanmas\u0131 (elektrik, mekanik, kimyasal, elektro-kimyasal ya da termal y\u00f6ntemlerle) ile ya da yedek emre amade kapasite tutulmas\u0131 ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli depolama teknolojilerinin hen\u00fcz ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan olgunlu\u011fa eri\u015fmedi\u011fi hesaba kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, zamana ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6steren talebin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in istenilen anda devreye al\u0131nabilecek alternatiflerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmazsa olmazd\u0131r. Aksi durumda elektri\u011fin \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketimi aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki bozulacak yani elektrik arz ve talebi aras\u0131nda dengesizlik olu\u015facak, g\u00fc\u00e7 sisteminin kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve kalitesine (gerilim ve frekans) zarar verecektir.<\/p>\n<p>Tipik bir elektrik sistemi i\u00e7in, temel elektrik y\u00fck\u00fc y\u0131l boyunca genellikle azami y\u00fck\u00fcn y\u00fczde 35-40\u2019\u0131 kadar olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu oran \u00fclkemizde 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k %52 seviyelerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Yukar\u0131da da g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi \u00fczere 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck elektrik enerjisi talebi 400.000 MWh, termik \u00fcretim ise 313.000 MWh alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dclkemiz i\u00e7in t\u00fcketimin en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu saatlerde bile talep 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 24.000 MW seviyelerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer yandan g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde, saatlere g\u00f6re elektrik talebinin art\u0131\u015f\u0131, talebin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi saatlerden yakla\u015f\u0131k %50 oran\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilmektedir. Grafik 2\u2019de 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 saatlik puant\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 29 A\u011fustos tarihinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen puant t\u00fcketim, g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck t\u00fcketimin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc saat olan 7:00\u2019a g\u00f6re %52 oran\u0131nda daha y\u00fcksektir. Zamana ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bahsedilen de\u011fi\u015fiklikler g\u00f6r\u00fclmekle birlikte, g\u00fcn boyunca (24 saat) elektrik sisteminde minimum seviyede talep edilen ve temel y\u00fck olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir elektrik enerjisi gereksinimi vard\u0131r. Talep g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne \u00e7an e\u011frisi \u015feklinde ilerlerken, ak\u015fam ge\u00e7 ve sabah erken saatlerde genelde en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyededir.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/enerjienstitusu.com\/file\/grafik-ggg222.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-67413 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/enerjienstitusu.com\/file\/grafik-ggg222.jpg\" alt=\"grafik ggg222\" width=\"580\" height=\"293\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Grafik-2 2013 Saatlik Puant\u0131n Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi G\u00fcn Talebin ve Termik \u00dcretimin Saatlik De\u011fi\u015fimi<\/p>\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki her iki grafikte de g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi \u00fczere, \u00fclkemiz elektrik enerjisi talebinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131nda yararlan\u0131lan kaynaklar aras\u0131nda do\u011falgaz, linyit, ithal k\u00f6m\u00fcr, ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc vb. yak\u0131tl\u0131 termik santrallerin bahsi ge\u00e7en temel y\u00fck\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131nda<br \/>\nson derece \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Adem Bilmez<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bu makale E\u0130GM Haziran 2014 raporunda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kaynak: <a href=\"http:\/\/enerjienstitusu.com\/2014\/10\/07\/analiz-elektrik-enerji-sistemleri-acisindan-temel-yuk-santrallerinin-onemi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Talebin Esnekli\u011fi ve Temel Y\u00fck: Elektrik enerjisi talebi, y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde mevsimden mevsime, g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde ise farkl\u0131 saatlere g\u00f6re \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli miktarda de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermektedir. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32214,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53],"tags":[92,18652,68,18653,18651,61,18654,2990,63,67,1009,165,1374,1677,2487,13582,18655,18656],"views":694,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32213"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32213"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32213\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32215,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32213\/revisions\/32215"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}