{"id":25483,"date":"2014-04-18T12:10:52","date_gmt":"2014-04-18T09:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=25483"},"modified":"2014-04-18T12:10:52","modified_gmt":"2014-04-18T09:10:52","slug":"almanya-enerjide-rusyaya-alternatif-ariyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/almanya-enerjide-rusyaya-alternatif-ariyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Almanya Enerjide Rusya\u2019ya Alternatif Ar\u0131yor…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Almanya enerji hammaddesinin y\u00fczde 70\u2019ini ithal ediyor. Toplam enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rtte birinden fazlas\u0131 Rus do\u011falgaz, petrol ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131yor. K\u0131sa vadede ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacak. Ukrayna krizinin tehlikeli bir mecraya y\u00f6nelmesi Avrupa\u2019daki enerji tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yeniden alevlenmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Almanya da geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Rus ham petrol ve do\u011falgaz\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir \u00fclke. Enerji hammaddesi ithalat pay\u0131n\u0131n 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczde 71\u2032e y\u00fckselmesi Ba\u015fbakan Angela Merkel\u2019in ifadesiyle \u201cAlman enerji politikas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcyle g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesini gerektiriyor.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rusyas\u0131z olmuyor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019n\u0131n enerji hammaddesi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Rusya Federasyonu geliyor. Almanya ham petrol\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fczde 35\u2032ini, do\u011falgaz\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 38\u2032ini ve ta\u015f k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn de y\u00fczde 25\u2032ini Rusya\u2019dan al\u0131yor. Bu dev hacimli ithalat\u0131 ikame edecek alternatif ise bulunmuyor.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Almanya, do\u011falgaz t\u00fcketiminin ancak y\u00fczde 15\u2032ini kendi kaynaklar\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131layabiliyor. Do\u011falgaz\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ise Norve\u00e7 ve Hollanda\u2019dan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Uzmanlar, bu iki \u00fclkenin Almanya\u2019ya ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi miktar\u0131 k\u0131sa vadede art\u0131rabilece\u011fini ancak Norve\u00e7 ve Hollanda\u2019n\u0131n do\u011falgaz rezervlerinin t\u00fckenmeye y\u00fcz tuttu\u011funu belirtiyorlar.<\/p>\n

Kaya gaz\u0131 g\u00fcndemde de\u011fil<\/strong><\/p>\n

Teorik alternatif olarak, Cezayir, Katar ve ABD\u2019den tankerlerle so\u011futulup s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f do\u011falgaz getirtilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Ancak ABD\u2019deki s\u0131v\u0131 do\u011falgaz y\u00fckleme limanlar\u0131 hen\u00fcz in\u015faat a\u015famas\u0131nda. Almanya\u2019n\u0131n da s\u0131v\u0131 gaz bo\u015faltma tesisleri bulunmuyor. \u00d6te yandan spot piyasada k\u0131sa vadede y\u00fcksek miktarda do\u011falgaz sat\u0131n alma imk\u00e2n\u0131 da yok. Fuku\u015fima felaketinden beri Japonya \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek miktarda do\u011falgaz ithal etti\u011fi i\u00e7in piyasadaki arz zaten olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Rus do\u011falgaz\u0131na olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k son haftalarda kaya gaz\u0131 se\u00e7ene\u011finin de tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na neden oldu. Yerin derinliklerindeki kayal\u0131k tabakadan bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 su ve kimyevi maddelerin yard\u0131m\u0131yla kaya gaz\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7evrecilere g\u00f6re son derece riskli bir i\u015flem. Almanya\u2019n\u0131n sadece A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Saksonya eyaleti s\u0131k\u0131 standartlara ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmak \u015fart\u0131yla kaya gaz\u0131 \u00fcretimine izin vermeyi kararla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

4 bin 400 metre derinli\u011fe kadar 220 milyar metrek\u00fcp do\u011falgaz bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilen Kuzey Ren Vestfalya eyaletinin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kaya gaz\u0131na izin vermiyor. Almanya\u2019n\u0131n toplam konvansiyonel do\u011falgaz rezervi 150 milyar metrek\u00fcp\u00fc buluyor. Y\u0131lda 12 milyar metrek\u00fcp gaz \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda do\u011falgaz rezervi 15 y\u0131l sonra t\u00fckenmi\u015f olacak.<\/p>\n

Eyalette kaya gaz\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda bu s\u00fcrenin 30 y\u0131la \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ama Sosyal Demokrat-Ye\u015filler h\u00fck\u00fcmeti bu riskli i\u015fleme onay vermiyor. \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Koalisyon\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin protokol\u00fcnde de, zehirli kimyevi madde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece kaya gaz\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verilmeyece\u011fi de yaz\u0131l\u0131. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n 15 y\u0131l sonra y\u00fczde y\u00fcz oran\u0131nda do\u011falgaz ithalat\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n

\u015eirketler \u00fczerinden n\u00fcfuz<\/strong><\/p>\n

2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda Almanya\u2019daki son k\u00f6m\u00fcr madenleri de faaliyete son verece\u011fi i\u00e7in Almanya ithal enerji ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kurtulamayacak. Almanya, ithal etti\u011fi ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fczde 25\u2032ini Rusya\u2019dan al\u0131yor. Linyit madenleri bug\u00fcnk\u00fc kapasiteyle i\u015fletildi\u011fi takdirde k\u00f6m\u00fcr rezervi 200 y\u0131l daha dayanabilir. Almanya ile Rusya aras\u0131ndaki \u201cenerji kenetlenmesinde\u201d ithal ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar i\u015fletmeler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler de rol oynuyor. Rus devlet tr\u00f6st\u00fc Gazprom, kimyac\u0131l\u0131k devi BASF\u2019in bir kurulu\u015fu olan Wintershall ile \u00f6nemli bir takas anla\u015fmas\u0131 yapt\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re Gazprom Sibirya\u2019daki do\u011falgaz kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n hisseleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Alman \u015firketinden Almanya\u2019daki do\u011falgaz haznesiyle i\u015fletmecilik yetkisini alacak.<\/p>\n

Haberin Devam\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in TIKLAYIN>><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak: Deutche Welle<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Almanya enerji hammaddesinin y\u00fczde 70\u2019ini ithal ediyor. Toplam enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rtte birinden fazlas\u0131 Rus do\u011falgaz, petrol ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131yor. K\u0131sa vadede ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25484,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[46,53,44],"tags":[929,63,67,1009,165,14344,1772,14345,13521],"views":518,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25483"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25483"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25486,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25483\/revisions\/25486"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}