{"id":22968,"date":"2014-02-21T10:33:59","date_gmt":"2014-02-21T07:33:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=22968"},"modified":"2014-02-21T10:33:59","modified_gmt":"2014-02-21T07:33:59","slug":"yorum-8-ulkenin-gozu-neden-kutup-bolgesinde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/yorum-8-ulkenin-gozu-neden-kutup-bolgesinde\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Yorum: 8 \u00dclkenin G\u00f6z\u00fc Neden \u2018Kutup B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz hafta Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 John Kerry, ABD\u2019nin Arktika i\u00e7in bir el\u00e7i atayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 Kuzey Kutup Dairesi ile \u00e7izilen bu b\u00f6lgenin ABD i\u00e7in \u00f6neminin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. Bu ad\u0131m\u0131n arkas\u0131nda yatan neden, Arktik b\u00f6lgesine s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olan 8 \u00fclke (ABD, Kanada, Norve\u00e7, Finlandiya, \u0130sve\u00e7, Danimarka, \u0130zlanda ve Rusya) taraf\u0131ndan 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan Arktik Konseyi\u2019ne 2015-2017 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ABD\u2019nin ba\u015fkanl\u0131k edecek olmas\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zengin petrol ve gaz rezervleri<\/h2>\n

Arktika hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en kapsaml\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan 2008 tarihli ABD Jeolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6re, bu b\u00f6lgede 90 milyar varil petrol, 47 trilyon metrek\u00fcp do\u011falgaz ve 44 milyar varil de do\u011falgaz s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 rezervi mevcut.<\/p>\n

Bu rakamlar, 2013 itibariyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f petrol rezervlerinin (1,7 trilyon varil) yakla\u015f\u0131k % 6\u2032s\u0131na ve daha \u00f6nemlisi, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f do\u011falgaz rezer\"\"<\/a>vlerinin (187 trilyon metrek\u00fcp) d\u00f6rtte birine denk.<\/p>\n

Mukayese gerekirse, Arktika\u2019daki rezervler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin petrol t\u00fcketimini yakla\u015f\u0131k 330 y\u0131l, do\u011falgaz t\u00fcketimini ise bin y\u0131l kar\u015f\u0131layacak seviyede. Bu kaynaklar\u0131 bu derece \u00f6nemli k\u0131lan unsur ise, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki ony\u0131llar boyunca, yenilenebilir enerjide ne kadar art\u0131\u015f olursa olsun, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bulu\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece, fosil enerjinin hayat\u0131m\u0131zdaki yerinin pek de de\u011fi\u015fmeyece\u011fi.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerine g\u00f6re, bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyadaki toplam enerji t\u00fcketiminin % 80\u2032den fazlas\u0131 fosil kaynaklardan.<\/p>\n

Bu oran 2040\u2032lar yakla\u015f\u0131rken ancak %75 civar\u0131na inecek. Bilhassa do\u011falgaz t\u00fcketiminde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f, bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda dahi insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcketece\u011fi enerjinin yar\u0131dan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n fosil yak\u0131t olaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

Arktika\u2019daki b\u00fct\u00fcn kaynaklar\u0131n yar\u0131dan fazlas\u0131 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n, be\u015fte biri ise ABD\u2019nin egemenlik sahas\u0131nda. Rusya, halihaz\u0131rda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol ve do\u011falgaz ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Rusya\u2019n\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgedeki kaynaklar\u0131, bu konumunu daha uzun y\u0131llar korumas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n petrol ve do\u011falgaz t\u00fcketimi i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 % 20\u2032yi a\u015fan ve halen net enerji ithalat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 konumundaki ABD ise, son y\u0131llardat\u0131klay\u0131n kaya odakl\u0131 petrol ve gaz \u00fcretimi ile azalan d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede tutmak (veya net ihracat\u00e7\u0131 olabilmek) i\u00e7in yeni kaynaklara muhta\u00e7.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019nin kaya \u00fcretimi sonras\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n

ABD petrol ve gaz \u00fcretimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir at\u0131l\u0131m ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Gerek artan enerji verimlili\u011fi, gerek ekonomik yava\u015flama nedeniyle 2005\u2032ten beri petrol t\u00fcketimi 2.5 milyon varil\/g\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015ferken ham petrol \u00fcretimi ayn\u0131 s\u00fcrede yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 milyon varil\/g\u00fcn artt\u0131. Keza do\u011falgaz \u00fcretimi, 2005 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri 180 milyar metrek\u00fcp artt\u0131.<\/p>\n

1997\u2032den beri ilk defa ge\u00e7en y\u0131l ithal etti\u011finden fazla petrol \u00fcretmeyi ba\u015faran ABD\u2019nin kendi kendine yeterlili\u011fini artt\u0131ran ve daha da artt\u0131racak olan bu geli\u015fmelerin, \u00e7ok etkileyici olmakla beraber, uzun s\u00fcreli olmalar\u0131 da beklenmiyor.<\/p>\n

ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, kaya petrol \u00fcretiminin 2021\u2032den itibaren, yani sadece 7 y\u0131l sonra, azalmaya ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Arktika\u2019daki petrol rezervinin %65\u2032ine sahip ABD i\u00e7in uzun vadeli enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck.<\/p>\n

Kuzey kutup dairesinin i\u00e7i, ne Rusya, ne ABD i\u00e7in yabanc\u0131 bir saha de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Rusya, 1960\u2032lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, Bat\u0131 Sibirya\u2019n\u0131n kuzey k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda Yamalo-Nenets b\u00f6lgesinde petrol \u00fcretimine ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de ise bug\u00fcne kadar ke\u015ffedilmi\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol sahas\u0131 olan Alaska\u2019daki Prudhoe Bay, Arktika\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7inde. 1968 y\u0131l\u0131nda bulunan, 1977\u2032de \u00fcretime ba\u015flayan saha, halen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin t\u00fcketiminin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcne denk \u00fcretim yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Artan gemi trafi\u011fi<\/h2>\n

Arktik b\u00f6lgesinin k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n da bir sonucu olarak eri\u015filebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer sonucu da k\u00fcresel gemi ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yarataca\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim. \u00d6rne\u011fin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck limanlar\u0131ndan Hamburg ile Shanghai aras\u0131 S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131 \u00fczerinden yakla\u015f\u0131k 20.000km iken, Kuzey Deniz Hatt\u0131 tabir edilen Arktik rotas\u0131 \u00fczerinden sadece 14.000km. Benzer bir k\u0131salma Do\u011fu Amerika-Asya rotas\u0131nda da mevcut.<\/p>\n

Yazan: C\u00fcneyt Kazoko\u011flu –\u00a0Enerji piyasas\u0131 analisti<\/p>\n

Haberin Devam\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in TIKLAYIN>><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak: BBC<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz hafta Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 John Kerry, ABD\u2019nin Arktika i\u00e7in bir el\u00e7i atayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 Kuzey Kutup Dairesi ile \u00e7izilen […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[46,53,44],"tags":[1198,12994,63,67,1009,165,10580,12993,1471,3331,12992],"views":919,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22968"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22968"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22968\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22970,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22968\/revisions\/22970"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}