{"id":22858,"date":"2014-02-19T11:13:54","date_gmt":"2014-02-19T08:13:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=22858"},"modified":"2014-02-19T11:16:02","modified_gmt":"2014-02-19T08:16:02","slug":"yorum-ab-turkiye-iliskilerinin-anahtari-enerjide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/yorum-ab-turkiye-iliskilerinin-anahtari-enerjide\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Yorum: AB \u2013 T\u00fcrkiye \u0130li\u015fkilerinin Anahtar\u0131 Enerjide…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Gerek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin i\u00e7 siyasi \u00e7alkant\u0131lar\u0131, gerek Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin geni\u015fleme yorgunlu\u011fu nedeniyle durma noktas\u0131na gelen ili\u015fkilerin, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00fczerinden yeniden canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 her iki taraf\u0131n da yarar\u0131na olacakt\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda son birka\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r so\u011fuk r\u00fczgarlar esiyor. Kat\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz Kas\u0131m ay\u0131ndan bu yana neredeyse donmu\u015f durumda. T\u00fcrkiye, Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da ya\u015fanan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k neticesinde, AB ile ili\u015fkilerini g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme noktas\u0131na geldi. \u00dclkenin kendi i\u00e7indeki siyasi \u00e7alkant\u0131 ve buna ek olarak AB\u2019nin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu geni\u015fleme yorgunlu\u011fu da, \u00fcyelik m\u00fczakerelerinin yak\u0131n bir tari\"\"<\/a>hte ivme kazanma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131yor. Ancak bu arada ortaklar\u0131n daha yak\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011finin faydal\u0131 olabilece\u011fi bir alan mevcut: Enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin toplam enerji t\u00fcketimi, son yirmi y\u0131lda istisnai ekonomik performans\u0131 neticesinde iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karken, \u00fclke bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen enerji piyasalar\u0131ndan biri konumunda. Kendi geleneksel yerli fosil yak\u0131t kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, giderek artan talebi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u0131\u015f hidrokarbon kaynaklar\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu. Ancak kuzey, g\u00fcney ve do\u011fuda \u00fcretici \u00fclkelerle \u00e7evrelenmi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n getirdi\u011fi \u015fansl\u0131 konumu ve b\u00f6lgedeki \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc sayesinde, T\u00fcrkiye, ciddi hacimlerde hidrokarbon tedari\u011fini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan ve enerji nakli alan\u0131nda iddial\u0131 projelerin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi i\u00e7in devasa yat\u0131r\u0131mlar getiren ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir enerji politikas\u0131 uygulayabiliyor.<\/p>\n

Gaz faturas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck yer tuttu\u011fu, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede y\u00fcksek bir cari hesap a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan muzdarip olan \u00fclke, stratejik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6ncelikle fiyatlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp h\u0131zla artan gaz talebini kar\u015f\u0131layabilmek i\u00e7in eri\u015febildi\u011fi gaz kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 daha da \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmek istiyor.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer taraftan, h\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkilileri ve politika belirleyicilerin de tekrar tekrar alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi\u011fi \u00fczere, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fine katk\u0131da bulunmak da stratejik hedeflerden biri. Esasen enerji alan\u0131ndaki i\u015fbirli\u011finin geli\u015ftirilmesi her iki taraf a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da son derece faydal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Nitekim b\u00f6yle bir durumda AB, Rusya\u2019dan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ithalat\u0131 daha da \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmek i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenilir alternatif bir tedarik rotas\u0131 kazan\u0131rken, T\u00fcrkiye de bir ba\u011flant\u0131 merkezi olarak ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccretlerinden ve enerji kaynakl\u0131 di\u011fer gelirlerden faydalanabilir. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki be\u015f ila on y\u0131l zarf\u0131nda ilave gaz arzlar\u0131 ihracata m\u00fcsait hale gelirken, T\u00fcrkiye, bunlar\u0131n Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda do\u011fal bir rota olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mevcut ve yeni f\u0131rsatlar<\/h2>\n

Son d\u00f6nemde Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de \u0130srail ve K\u0131br\u0131s a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda ke\u015ffedilen \u00f6nemli gaz rezervleri, mevcut jeopolitik s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fmeler giderildi\u011fi takdirde, hem T\u00fcrk pazar\u0131ndaki talebi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir, hem de devam\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nabilir. Bu da zor g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir i\u015f, zira onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcren K\u0131br\u0131s sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini ve \u0130srail ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda g\u00fcven ve stratejik ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeniden tesis edilmesini gerektiriyor. Lakin Avrupa ve ABD\u2019nin s\u00fcrece diplomatik olarak kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla, dengesiz bir b\u00f6lgede istikrar sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir fakt\u00f6r g\u00f6revi de g\u00f6rebilir.<\/p>\n

Son y\u0131llarda B\u00f6lgesel K\u00fcrt Y\u00f6netimi (BKY) ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda sa\u011flanan uzla\u015fma, Kuzey Irak\u2019tan gaz tedari\u011fi se\u00e7ene\u011fini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Erbil ve Ba\u011fdat aras\u0131nda hidrokarbon geli\u015ftirme, ihracat stratejisi ve gelir payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 konular\u0131nda ya\u015fanan \u00e7eki\u015fmeler \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fturuldu\u011fu takdirde, BKY, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye do\u011falgaz sa\u011flamada \u00f6nemli rol oynayabilir ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 gaz rezervleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclecek olursa, uzun vadede Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n da tedarik\u00e7isi olabilir.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu konuda da \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in yine AB\u2019nin daha proaktif bir yakla\u015f\u0131m benimseyerek, ABD\u2019nin \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemesi \u015fart. Bu noktada 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortaya at\u0131lan orijinal Nabucco konseptinde \u0130ran gaz\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n planland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m. \u0130ran ile olan n\u00fckleer a\u00e7maz\u0131 derinle\u015fince, \u0130ran gaz\u0131 da Avrupa i\u00e7in bir se\u00e7enek olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. N\u00fckleer meselesinin muhtemel \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ba\u011flam\u0131nda, \u0130ran da i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz on y\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na do\u011fru Avrupa\u2019ya gaz ihra\u00e7 eder hale gelebilir. Ancak bu da \u0130ran hidrokarbon sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir reform yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 bir durum.<\/p>\n

Avrupa gaz tedari\u011finin \u00e7e\u015fitlendirilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a ra\u011fbet g\u00f6ren se\u00e7eneklerden biri de, T\u00fcrkmenistan ve yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Kazakistan ve \u00d6zbekistan \u00f6ncelikli olmak \u00fczere Orta Asya. \u00c7in\u2019in b\u00f6lgede artan \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve Trans-Hazar Boru Hatt\u0131 projesinin durmas\u0131, yak\u0131n gelecekte Avrupa\u2019ya gaz arz\u0131n\u0131n yolunu kapatacakt\u0131r. Bununla beraber, G\u00fcney Gaz Koridoru\u2019nun daha geni\u015f kapasitelerle tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u00fc ve A\u015fkabat\u2019taki hesaplar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi halinde, T\u00fcrkmenistan a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan gaz Avrupa\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fczakerelerde esneklik beklentisi<\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin siyasi ve ekonomik sorunlar\u0131, gaz ithalat\u0131na fazlas\u0131yla ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek gaz fiyatlar\u0131na maruz olmas\u0131, AB ve b\u00f6lgesel tedarik\u00e7iler nezdindeki gaz transit merkezi rol\u00fcn\u00fc avantaj olarak kullanma kabiliyetini ciddi \u015fekilde zay\u0131flatt\u0131. Di\u011fer yandan, AB\u2019nin kat\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fczakerelerinin enerji fasl\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ma konusunda isteksiz davranmas\u0131 da, Birlik\u2019in G\u00fcney Gaz Koridoru\u2019nun geli\u015ftirilmesini sa\u011flama ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tutumunu etkileme becerisini azaltt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Br\u00fcksel de, Ankara da, enerji konusunu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrken art\u0131k daha stratejik ve esnek olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ankara, Avrupa Enerji Toplulu\u011fu\u2019nu ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da enerji m\u00fcktesebat\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmenin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yarar\u0131na olaca\u011f\u0131 ve hakim konumlar\u0131n\u0131 suistimal eden b\u00f6lge tedarik\u00e7ilerine kar\u015f\u0131, \u00fclkenin olas\u0131 AB \u00fcyeli\u011fi ile ilgili olarak Br\u00fcksel kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki m\u00fczakere pozisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 baltalamadan bir ihtiyat rol\u00fc oynayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilincinde olmal\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131br\u0131s ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, enerji fasl\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen AB \u00fcyeleri ise, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB d\u00fczenlemelerini benimsemesinin kendilerinin stratejik yarar\u0131na oldu\u011funu anlamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yazan: David Koranyi ve\u00a0Nicolo Sartori<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n Devam\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in TIKLAYIN>><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak: aljazeera<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Gerek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin i\u00e7 siyasi \u00e7alkant\u0131lar\u0131, gerek Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin geni\u015fleme yorgunlu\u011fu nedeniyle durma noktas\u0131na gelen ili\u015fkilerin, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00fczerinden yeniden canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 her iki taraf\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22859,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[1192,2132,12941,12940,92,63,67,232,1009,165,10580,12942,12939,846],"views":353,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22858"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22858"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22862,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22858\/revisions\/22862"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}