{"id":20947,"date":"2014-01-15T17:16:42","date_gmt":"2014-01-15T14:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=20947"},"modified":"2014-01-15T17:16:46","modified_gmt":"2014-01-15T14:16:46","slug":"kose-yazisi-petrolun-agirligi-altinda-turkiye-irak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/kose-yazisi-petrolun-agirligi-altinda-turkiye-irak\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) K\u00f6\u015fe Yaz\u0131s\u0131: Petrol\u00fcn A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Alt\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye-Irak…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Irak Anayasas\u0131 haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken, petrol konusu epeyce tart\u0131\u015fmaya konu olmu\u015ftu. Bir t\u00fcr federal y\u00f6netimi olan \u00fclkede petrol zengini b\u00f6lgelerin gelirlerinden bir miktar pay\u0131 merkeze aktarmalar\u0131 ile merkezin her b\u00f6lgeye kazanc\u0131ndan pay vermesi aras\u0131nda uzunca bir s\u00fcre bir se\u00e7im yap\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sonunda Irak Anayasas\u0131 ile durum d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f, ancak bu d\u00fczenlemeden \u00f6zellikle Erbil y\u00f6netimi hi\u00e7 de memnun kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

2005\u2019de kabul edilen Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 111.ve 112. maddelerine g\u00f6re petrol ve do\u011falgaz, t\u00fcm Irak\u2019\u0131n zenginli\u011fi olarak kabul ediliyor. Ancak maddeler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkiler Ba\u011fdat \"\"<\/a>y\u00f6netimi ile Erbil aras\u0131ndaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131klara kaynakl\u0131k ediyor. Petrol ve do\u011falgaza ba\u011fl\u0131 arama, i\u015fleme, ta\u015f\u0131ma gibi her t\u00fcrl\u00fc faaliyetin sorumlulu\u011fu hem merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmette hem de b\u00f6lgesel y\u00f6netimlere b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ortaya bir yetki karga\u015fas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ancak sorun bununla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fil. Petrol gelirlerinin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, Anayasaya g\u00f6re merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetin adil da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ilkesiyle yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Adalet ise Petrol Kanunuyla belirlenmi\u015f ve n\u00fcfusa ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. Yani petrol \u00e7\u0131kan b\u00f6lgedeki n\u00fcfusun Irak n\u00fcfusuna oran\u0131 neyse, gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 da ona g\u00f6re yap\u0131lacak deniyor. Sorun \u015fu ki, Irak\u2019ta n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lam\u0131yor; daha beteri Kerk\u00fck gibi stat\u00fcs\u00fc belli olmayan bir yerde nas\u0131l adil da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 hi\u00e7 bilinemiyor.<\/p>\n

Erbil-Ba\u011fdat anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n

Ba\u011fdat y\u00f6netimi hesab\u0131 nas\u0131l yapm\u0131\u015f, tam bilinemiyor. Ancak verilen karara g\u00f6re petrol gelirleri \u00f6nce hazineye aktar\u0131l\u0131yor, Kuzey Irak K\u00fcrdistan b\u00f6lgesi de bu gelirden sadece % 17\u2019sini alabiliyor. Bug\u00fcn, 2.5 milyon varil petrol \u00fcreten Irak\u2019ta 2020 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki \u00fcretimin 10 milyon varil civar\u0131nda olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu da, kavgan\u0131n daha fazla b\u00fcy\u00fcyece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer sorun da hem Ba\u011fdat hem de Erbil y\u00f6netimlerinin Anayasa yap\u0131lmadan ve Petrol Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ikili anla\u015fmalar. Bu anla\u015fmalardan do\u011fan kazan\u00e7lar\u0131 payla\u015fmak istemeyen Erbil\u2019e Maliki y\u00f6netiminin b\u00fcy\u00fck bask\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n

Irak, ister merkezi y\u00f6netim olarak ister b\u00f6lgesel y\u00f6netimler olarak petrol zenginliklerini gelire tahvil etme derdindeler, ancak aralar\u0131ndaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya ile yeni ili\u015fkiler kurmalar\u0131na engel oluyor. \u015eu bir ger\u00e7ek ki, Maliki y\u00f6netimi K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n petrol geliriyle zenginle\u015fip iyice merkezden kopmas\u0131n\u0131 istemiyor. Ancak \u00f6te yandan Erbil y\u00f6netimi de kendilerinde olan petrol\u00fcn siyasi bask\u0131 olarak kendilerine kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyorlar.<\/p>\n

Kritik pozisyon<\/h2>\n

Durum buyken, enerji arz\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmek zorunda olan ve en az maliyetli olarak da Kuzey Irak\u2019tan temin edebilecek olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yapaca\u011f\u0131 ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmalar kritik bir \u00f6neme ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla Maliki, Barzani ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin anla\u015fmalar yapmas\u0131na ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye petrol sat\u0131lmas\u0131na itiraz etmiyor. Zaten \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir itiraz\u0131 olsayd\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye de \u00f6nce Maliki\u2019yi ikna etmeye u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Ancak Erbil\u2019le yap\u0131lan anla\u015fman\u0131n kendisiyle ilgili de\u011filse de gelirleri ile ilgili bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131. Muhtemelen T\u00fcrkiye, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki iki taraf\u0131n aralar\u0131nda anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 varsaym\u0131\u015f ve imzalar\u0131 ona g\u00f6re atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n Devam\u0131 i\u00e7in TIKLAYINIZ >><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynak: Star<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Irak Anayasas\u0131 haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken, petrol konusu epeyce tart\u0131\u015fmaya konu olmu\u015ftu. Bir t\u00fcr federal y\u00f6netimi olan \u00fclkede petrol zengini b\u00f6lgelerin gelirlerinden bir miktar pay\u0131 merkeze […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20948,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,44],"tags":[63,67,1009,165,12109,12110,875,59,79,6269],"views":500,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20947"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20947"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20947\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20951,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20947\/revisions\/20951"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}