{"id":203250,"date":"2026-10-28T14:27:28","date_gmt":"2026-10-28T11:27:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=203250"},"modified":"2026-10-28T14:28:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T11:28:20","slug":"jenerator-secerken-kva-hesabi-santiye-fabrika-ve-hastane-icin-dogru-guc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/jenerator-secerken-kva-hesabi-santiye-fabrika-ve-hastane-icin-dogru-guc\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Jenerat\u00f6r Se\u00e7erken kVA Hesab\u0131: \u015eantiye, Fabrika ve Hastane \u0130\u00e7in Do\u011fru G\u00fc\u00e7"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Dizel jenerat\u00f6r se\u00e7iminde en s\u0131k yap\u0131lan hata g\u00fcc\u00fcn yaln\u0131z cihaz etiketlerinden hesaplanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kalk\u0131\u015f ak\u0131mlar\u0131, kullan\u0131m \u015fekli ve ortam ko\u015fullar\u0131 hesaba kat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda set ya yetersiz kal\u0131r ya da gere\u011finden b\u00fcy\u00fck se\u00e7ilir.<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bir dizel jenerat\u00f6r\u00fcn i\u015fini yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sat\u0131n almadan \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan g\u00fc\u00e7 hesab\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck se\u00e7ilen bir set, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir motor devreye girdi\u011finde gerilim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne ya da durmaya yol a\u00e7abilir. Gere\u011finden b\u00fcy\u00fck se\u00e7ilen set ise ilk yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r ve uzun s\u00fcre d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck y\u00fckte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in motora zarar verir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u015fantiye, fabrika ve hastane i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7 hesab\u0131n\u0131n temel ad\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

kVA ve kW Fark\u0131<\/h3>\n

Jenerat\u00f6rler genellikle kVA (g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr g\u00fc\u00e7), cihazlar ise \u00e7o\u011funlukla kW (aktif g\u00fc\u00e7) ile etiketlenir. \u00dc\u00e7 fazl\u0131 dizel jenerat\u00f6rlerde standart g\u00fc\u00e7 fakt\u00f6r\u00fc 0,8 kabul edilir. Buna g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n

kW = kVA \u00d7 0,8<\/strong> ve kVA = kW \u00f7 0,8<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin 100 kVA’l\u0131k bir set yakla\u015f\u0131k 80 kW aktif g\u00fc\u00e7 verir. Tesisteki y\u00fcklerin toplam kW de\u011feri bu form\u00fclle kVA’ya \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131m 1: Y\u00fck Listesini \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131n<\/h3>\n

Beslenecek b\u00fct\u00fcn cihazlar tek tek yaz\u0131l\u0131r: ayd\u0131nlatma, priz hatlar\u0131, bilgisayar ve sunucular, klima, pompalar, kompres\u00f6rler, asans\u00f6rler, vin\u00e7ler ve \u00fcretim makineleri. Her cihaz\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcc\u00fc ve ayn\u0131 anda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 not edilir. Her cihaz ayn\u0131 anda tam y\u00fckte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in toplam de\u011fer genellikle bir e\u015fzamanl\u0131l\u0131k katsay\u0131s\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu katsay\u0131n\u0131n tahminle de\u011fil, tesisin ger\u00e7ek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma d\u00fczenine g\u00f6re belirlenmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131m 2: Kalk\u0131\u015f Ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 Hesaba Kat\u0131n<\/h3>\n

Elektrik motorlar\u0131 devreye girerken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n birka\u00e7 kat\u0131 ak\u0131m \u00e7eker. Do\u011frudan yol verilen bir motorda bu de\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 5\u20137 kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc belirleyen \u00e7o\u011fu zaman toplam g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fil, en b\u00fcy\u00fck motorun kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kalk\u0131\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc azaltman\u0131n yollar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Y\u0131ld\u0131z-\u00fc\u00e7gen yol verme, yumu\u015fak yol verici (soft starter) veya frekans invert\u00f6r\u00fc kalk\u0131\u015f ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. B\u00fcy\u00fck motorlar\u0131n s\u0131rayla devreye al\u0131nmas\u0131 da ayn\u0131 etkiyi sa\u011flar. Bu \u00f6nlemler bazen bir \u00fcst g\u00fc\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131m 3: Kullan\u0131m \u015eeklini Belirleyin<\/h3>\n

Jenerat\u00f6r g\u00fc\u00e7leri ISO 8528-1<\/strong>‘e g\u00f6re iki temel s\u0131n\u0131fta verilir:<\/p>\n

– Standby (yedek) g\u00fc\u00e7:<\/strong> \u015eebeke kesildi\u011finde, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 s\u00fcre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan setler i\u00e7in verilen en y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr.
\n– Prime (s\u00fcrekli) g\u00fc\u00e7:<\/strong>\u00a0\u015eebekenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde ana kaynak olarak, de\u011fi\u015fken y\u00fckte uzun s\u00fcre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilen g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. Prime g\u00fc\u00e7, standby g\u00fcc\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k %90’\u0131 kadard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u015eantiyede ana enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak bir set prime g\u00fcce g\u00f6re, fabrikada yaln\u0131z kesinti an\u0131nda devreye girecek bir set standby g\u00fcce g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n

Ad\u0131m 4: Pay B\u0131rak\u0131n, Ama Abartmay\u0131n<\/h3>\n

Hesaplanan de\u011ferin \u00fczerine ileride eklenecek y\u00fckler ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm hatalar\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle %20\u201325 pay b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Daha fazlas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmez. Dizel motorlar uzun s\u00fcre %30’un alt\u0131nda y\u00fckte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yak\u0131t tam yanmaz, egzozda birikim olu\u015fur ve bak\u0131m ihtiyac\u0131 artar.<\/p>\n

Rak\u0131m ve ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da g\u00fcc\u00fc etkiler. Y\u00fcksek rak\u0131mda ve \u00e7ok s\u0131cak ortamlarda motor g\u00fcc\u00fc d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f motor \u00fcreticisinin tablolar\u0131na g\u00f6re hesaplanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u015eantiye<\/h3>\n

\u015eantiyede y\u00fckler g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fir. Kule vin\u00e7, beton pompas\u0131, kaynak makineleri, kompres\u00f6rler, \u015fantiye konteynerleri ve ayd\u0131nlatma ayn\u0131 sete ba\u011flan\u0131r. Belirleyici olan genellikle vincin ve pompan\u0131n kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rnek: Ayn\u0131 anda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan y\u00fcklerin toplam\u0131 64 kW olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u015fantiyede ihtiya\u00e7 64 \u00f7 0,8 = 80 kVA olur. %20\u201325 payla 100 kVA s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bir set uygun olur. En b\u00fcy\u00fck motorun yumu\u015fak yol vericiyle devreye al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131ftaki modellerin motor, alternat\u00f6r ve yak\u0131t t\u00fcketimi de\u011ferleri terexdiesel.com\/urunler\/jenerator-100-kva (https:\/\/terexdiesel.com\/urunler\/jenerator-100-kva\/) sayfas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. \u015eantiyede kabinli, r\u00f6morklu ve geni\u015f yak\u0131t depolu modeller tercih edilir.<\/p>\n

Fabrika<\/h3>\n

Fabrikada \u00f6nce jenerat\u00f6r\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn tesisi mi, yoksa yaln\u0131z kritik hatlar\u0131 m\u0131 besleyece\u011fine karar verilir. So\u011fuk hava depolar\u0131, proses pompalar\u0131, kompres\u00f6rler ve kontrol sistemleri \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00f6nceliklidir. Frekans invert\u00f6rl\u00fc s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler harmonik \u00fcretti\u011fi i\u00e7in alternat\u00f6r se\u00e7iminde bu y\u00fck\u00fcn oran\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> Kritik hatlar\u0131n e\u015fzamanl\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fc 320 kW olan bir tesiste 320 \u00f7 0,8 = 400 kVA hesaplan\u0131r. Payla birlikte 500 kVA s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda bir set de\u011ferlendirilir. Farkl\u0131 motor markalar\u0131yla 500 kVA jenerat\u00f6r modelleri (\u00a0https:\/\/terexdiesel.com\/urunler\/jenerator-500-kva\/ <\/a>) incelenebilir. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7te otomatik transfer panosu (ATS) ve senkronizasyon ihtiyac\u0131 da projeye g\u00f6re planlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hastane<\/h3>\n

Hastanelerde g\u00fc\u00e7 hesab\u0131 kadar s\u00fcreklili\u011fin g\u00fcvencesi de \u00f6nemlidir. Ameliyathaneler, yo\u011fun bak\u0131m, t\u0131bbi gaz sistemleri, asans\u00f6rler ve bilgi i\u015flem kesintisiz beslenmelidir. Bu t\u00fcr tesislerde jenerat\u00f6r, kesintisiz g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 (UPS) ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u015eebeke kesildi\u011finde UPS ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcresini kar\u015f\u0131lar, jenerat\u00f6r k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede y\u00fck\u00fc devral\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hastanelerde tek b\u00fcy\u00fck set yerine, senkron \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan iki veya daha fazla set kurmak yayg\u0131n bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece bir set bak\u0131mdayken ya da ar\u0131zaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kritik y\u00fckler di\u011fer setten beslenmeye devam eder. G\u00fcc\u00fcn yan\u0131nda ses seviyesi, egzoz y\u00f6n\u00fc, yak\u0131t depolama s\u00fcresi ve d\u00fczenli y\u00fck testi de ba\u015ftan planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fru Teklif \u0130\u00e7in Haz\u0131rlanacak Bilgiler<\/h3>\n

Bir \u00fcreticiden teklif istemeden \u00f6nce \u015fu bilgilerin haz\u0131r olmas\u0131 s\u00fcreci k\u0131salt\u0131r:<\/p>\n

– Y\u00fck listesi ve ayn\u0131 anda \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak y\u00fckler
\n– En b\u00fcy\u00fck motorlar\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc ve yol verme \u015fekli
\n– Yedek mi, s\u00fcrekli mi kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131
\n– Kurulum yerinin rak\u0131m\u0131 ve ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131
\n– Kabinli, a\u00e7\u0131k tip veya r\u00f6morklu set tercihi
\n– ATS ve senkronizasyon ihtiyac\u0131<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul Tuzla<\/strong>‘da 10\u20134.125 kVA<\/strong> aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dizel jenerat\u00f6r \u00fcreten Terex Diesel<\/a>, 2006’dan bu yana sekt\u00f6rde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ekibiyle bu bilgilere g\u00f6re model \u00f6nerisi haz\u0131rl\u0131yor. Firma \u0130stanbul ve Ankara b\u00f6lgelerinde kendi ekipleriyle ke\u015fif ve servis hizmeti veriyor, di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde anla\u015fmal\u0131 servislerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fru hesaplanm\u0131\u015f bir jenerat\u00f6r, ilk yat\u0131r\u0131mda gereksiz harcamay\u0131 \u00f6nler ve kesinti an\u0131nda beklenen i\u015fi yapar.<\/p>\n

Daha Detayl\u0131 Bilgi \u0130\u00e7in:<\/strong> https:\/\/terexdiesel.com\/<\/a> adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Dizel jenerat\u00f6r se\u00e7iminde en s\u0131k yap\u0131lan hata g\u00fcc\u00fcn yaln\u0131z cihaz etiketlerinden hesaplanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kalk\u0131\u015f ak\u0131mlar\u0131, kullan\u0131m \u015fekli ve ortam ko\u015fullar\u0131 hesaba kat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda set […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":203256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53],"tags":[28517,118082,18,2432,34134,101026,118081],"views":8,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203250"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=203250"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":203251,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203250\/revisions\/203251"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/203256"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=203250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=203250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=203250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}