{"id":185727,"date":"2024-03-14T14:23:42","date_gmt":"2024-03-14T11:23:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=185727"},"modified":"2024-03-14T14:23:42","modified_gmt":"2024-03-14T11:23:42","slug":"turkiye-insani-gelismede-193-ulke-arasinda-45-inci-sirada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/turkiye-insani-gelismede-193-ulke-arasinda-45-inci-sirada\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) ’T\u00fcrkiye’ \u0130nsani Geli\u015fmede 193 \u00dclke Aras\u0131nda 45\u2019inci S\u0131rada"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Zenginlik, her bireyin istedi\u011fi bir kavramd\u0131r. K\u00fcresel olarak, zengin \u00fclkeler rekor seviyelere ula\u015f\u0131rken, kutupla\u015fma ve e\u015fitsizlik k\u00fcresel sorunlara y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri engelledi\u011finden daha yoksul \u00fclkeler geride kal\u0131yor.<\/h2>\n

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Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Kalk\u0131nma Program\u0131\u2019<\/strong>n\u0131n (UNDP) bug\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a02023-2024 \u0130nsani Geli\u015fme Raporu<\/strong>\u2019nda (\u0130GR) yer alan \u0130nsani Geli\u015fme Endeksi\u2019nde (\u0130GE)<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye, 193 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 45\u2019inci s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye, 2022 verilerine g\u00f6re \u00fcst \u00fcste d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kez \u201c\u00e7ok y\u00fcksek insani geli\u015fme\u201d kategorisinde (d\u00f6rt kategoriden en y\u00fckse\u011fi) yer ald\u0131. S\u0131ralama en y\u00fcksek refah d\u00fczeyindeki \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in iyi haberler sunarken, insani geli\u015fme sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda endi\u015fe verici bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6steriyor. Daha yoksul \u00fclkeler pandemi nedeniyle kaybettikleri zemini geri kazanam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130GE, pandemi nedeniyle meydana gelen iki y\u0131ll\u0131k gerilemenin ard\u0131ndan k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte rekor seviyelere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ancak, ortalamada elde edilen bu ba\u015far\u0131, derinle\u015fen e\u015fitsizlikleri gizliyor. D\u00fcnyadaki en yoksul \u00fclkelerin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u0130GE performans\u0131, pandemi \u00f6ncesi seviyelerinin alt\u0131nda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

UNDP T\u00fcrkiye Mukim Temsilcisi Louisa Vinton<\/strong>, \u201cD\u00fcnyadaki zengin \u00fclkelerin \u00e7o\u011fu gibi, T\u00fcrkiye de kendisini pandeminin etkilerinden g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde kurtarmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Ancak bu cesaret verici ilerleme, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda milyonlarca insan\u0131 geride kalma riskiyle tehdit eden, yeniden derinle\u015fen e\u015fitsizliklerin g\u00f6lgesinde kal\u0131yor.\u201d<\/em> \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

UNDP\u2019nin \u0130GE\u2019si, insan refah\u0131n\u0131n, gayri safi yurt i\u00e7i has\u0131la (GSY\u0130H) gibi finansal odakl\u0131 g\u00f6stergelerin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flamak \u00fczere 34 y\u0131l \u00f6nce olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftu. Endeks, \u00fc\u00e7 temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc birle\u015ftiriyor: uzun ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam, bilgiye eri\u015fim ve insana yak\u0131\u015f\u0131r bir ya\u015fam standard\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye bu endekste otuz y\u0131lda dikkate de\u011fer bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterdi: \u00dclkenin \u0130GE de\u011feri 1990\u2019da 0,598 iken, 2022\u2019de y\u00fczde 43 art\u0131\u015fla 0,855\u2019e y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye \u0130GE\u2019nin \u00fc\u00e7 boyutunun t\u00fcm\u00fcnde ilerleme kaydetti: 1990 ve 2022 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda do\u011fu\u015fta beklenen \u00a0ya\u015fam s\u00fcresi 10,8 y\u0131l, ortalama \u00f6\u011frenim s\u00fcresi 4,4 y\u0131l, beklenen \u00f6\u011frenim s\u00fcresi ise 10,8 y\u0131l artt\u0131. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, \u00fclkede ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen gayri safi milli gelir ise y\u00fczde 154,3 y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

Ancak \u0130GE e\u015fitsizliklere uyarland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u0131ras\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. \u00dclkede genel olarak erkekler, kad\u0131nlara g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek insani geli\u015fme seviyelerine sahip. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla toplumsal cinsiyet e\u015fitsizlikleri hesaba kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u0131ras\u0131 166 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda 66\u2019ya geriliyor.<\/p>\n

Ulusal istatistiklere ve 2022\u2019de bildirilen verilere dayanan yeni s\u0131ralama, \u015eubat 2023 depremlerinin etkisini yans\u0131tm\u0131yor. Felaketin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck can kayb\u0131na ve hasar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutuna ra\u011fmen (UNDP\u2019nin deste\u011fiyle haz\u0131rlanan bir\u00a0h\u00fck\u00fcmet de\u011ferlendirmesine\u00a0g\u00f6re, toplam hasar ve kay\u0131plar 103,6 milyar ABD dolar\u0131 veya 2023\u2019teki tahmini GSY\u0130H\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczde 9\u2019u olarak tahmin ediliyor), depremlerin \u00fclkenin \u0130GE s\u0131ralamas\u0131n\u0131 etkilemesi beklenmiyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130GE s\u0131ralamalar\u0131, UNDP taraf\u0131ndan her y\u0131l yay\u0131mlanan \u0130nsani Geli\u015fme Raporu\u2019nun (\u0130GR) temel bir par\u00e7as\u0131. \u201cT\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 A\u015fmak: Kutupla\u015fm\u0131\u015f Bir D\u00fcnyada \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fini Yeniden \u015eekillendirmek<\/em>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 2023\/24 bask\u0131s\u0131, e\u015fitsiz kalk\u0131nma ilerlemesinin en yoksullar\u0131 geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131, e\u015fitsizli\u011fi art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte kutupla\u015fmay\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckledi\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor. Rapor, uluslararas\u0131 kolektif eylemin, y\u00fckselen bir \u201cdemokrasi paradoksu\u201d nedeniyle engellendi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor: D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda on ki\u015fiden dokuzu demokrasiyi desteklerken, k\u00fcresel ankete kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131, demokratik s\u00fcrecin temel kurallar\u0131n\u0131 atlayarak demokrasiyi zay\u0131flatabilecek liderlere destek verdi\u011fini ifade ediyor. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ankete kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131, hayatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde hi\u00e7 kontrol sahibi olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 veya s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kontrole sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor ve \u00fc\u00e7te ikiden fazlas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin kararlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok az etkiye sahip olduklar\u0131na inan\u0131yor. Rapor, artan siyasi kutupla\u015fmayla birle\u015fen bu t\u00fcr g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck hislerinin, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin tam da yenilenen i\u015fbirli\u011finin hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde i\u00e7e kapanmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00fcreselle\u015fmeden s\u0131yr\u0131lman\u0131n\u201d sorumsuz bir yan\u0131lsama oldu\u011funu vurgulayan rapor, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gibi s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi sorunlara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla \u201cyeni nesil k\u00fcresel kamu mallar\u0131\u201d yaratmak i\u00e7in kolektif eylem \u00f6neriyor.<\/p>\n

\u201cArtan kutupla\u015fma ve b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurdu\u011fu bir d\u00fcnyada, birbirimize yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmay\u0131 ihmal etmek, refah ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fimiz i\u00e7in ciddi bir tehdit olu\u015fturuyor\u201d diyen UNDP Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Achim Steiner<\/strong>, \u201cKorumac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar, pandemi, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve dijital reg\u00fclasyonlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z karma\u015f\u0131k, birbiriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckleri \u00e7\u00f6zemez. Sorunlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f durumda ve e\u015fit \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler gerektiriyor.\u201d<\/em> \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Zenginlik, her bireyin istedi\u011fi bir kavramd\u0131r. K\u00fcresel olarak, zengin \u00fclkeler rekor seviyelere ula\u015f\u0131rken, kutupla\u015fma ve e\u015fitsizlik k\u00fcresel sorunlara y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri engelledi\u011finden daha […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":185729,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[55424,112929,112928,846],"views":38,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185727"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=185727"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185727\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/185729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=185727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=185727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=185727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}