{"id":185388,"date":"2024-03-07T15:29:41","date_gmt":"2024-03-07T12:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=185388"},"modified":"2024-03-07T15:29:41","modified_gmt":"2024-03-07T12:29:41","slug":"kanada-nin-enerji-gorunumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/kanada-nin-enerji-gorunumu\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Kanada’n\u0131n Enerji G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Kanada’n\u0131n Enerji Gelece\u011fi Senaryolar, Projeksiyonlardan Sera Gazlar\u0131, Temiz Enerji ve \u0130klim \u00d6zelinde Baz\u0131 Kesitler<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\"\"

\u00c7i\u011fdem Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu<\/p><\/div>\n

Kanada’n\u0131n Enerji Gelece\u011fi 2023: 2050 Enerji Arz\u0131 ve Talep Projeksiyonlar\u0131 – Energy Supply and Demand Projections (EF 2023), Kanada Enerji D\u00fczenleme Kurumunun (Canada Energy Regulator-CER) sundu\u011fu en son uzun vadeli enerji g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kanada’n\u0131n Enerji Gelece\u011fi serisi, uzun vadede Kanadal\u0131lar i\u00e7in olas\u0131 enerji gelece\u011finin nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. (Energy Future) EF 2023, 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar<\/strong> net s\u0131f\u0131r sera gaz\u0131 (GHG) emisyonuna<\/strong> ula\u015fma m\u00fccadelesine odaklan\u0131yor. Kanadal\u0131lar\u0131n ve politika yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n net s\u0131f\u0131r d\u00fcnyan\u0131n neye benzeyebilece\u011fini g\u00f6rmelerine, hedefi g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirmelerine ve bilin\u00e7li kararlar almalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in net s\u0131f\u0131r senaryolar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik\u00a0 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonucu. Senaryolar\u0131m\u0131z t\u00fcm enerji \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini ve Kanada’n\u0131n t\u00fcm eyaletlerini ve b\u00f6lgelerini kapsam\u0131\u015f\u00a0 analizi yapmak i\u00e7in ekonomik ve enerji modellerini kullanm\u0131\u015flar. Ve \u00f6nemle alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdikleri konulardan biri de EF2023<\/strong>‘teki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n gelece\u011fe ili\u015fkin tahminler veya politika tavsiyeleri olmaktan ziyade belirli bir \u00f6nermeye ve varsay\u0131mlara dayanan senaryolar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011fudur. Enerji g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc anlamak i\u00e7in tek bir senaryoya g\u00fcvenmenin de g\u00fcvensizli\u011finin alt\u0131 \u00e7izilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re; net s\u0131f\u0131r senaryolar\u0131-net-zero scenarios Kanadal\u0131lar\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerji t\u00fcrleri, \u015fu anda oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok daha fazla elektrik kullan\u0131m\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere kayda de\u011fer \u00e7apta de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermekte. \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fclere y\u00f6nelik a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle belirtmi\u015ftir. “Temel Bulgular 2050 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki enerji sistemi, her iki net s\u0131f\u0131r senaryosunda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azal\u0131rken, elektri\u011fin en \u00f6nemli nihai enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 haline gelece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Ayn\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama \u015fu ifadelere yer vermekte “elektrik, hidrojen ve biyoyak\u0131tlar enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir paya sahiptir. 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde elektri\u011fin, “K\u00fcresel Net” S\u0131f\u0131r Senaryosunda toplam nihai enerji t\u00fcketiminin %41<\/strong>‘ini, Kanada Net S\u0131f\u0131r Senaryosu’nda ise %39<\/strong>‘unu olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz; bu oran 2021 deki %17<\/strong>‘den daha y\u00fcksek. Hidrojen<\/strong> ve biyoyak\u0131tlar<\/strong> \u00f6nemli alternatifler olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Elektrik, \u00f6rne\u011fin a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, havac\u0131l\u0131k veya belirli end\u00fcstriyel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde kullan\u0131lacak en iyi se\u00e7enek olmayabilir. 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde, K\u00fcresel Net S\u0131f\u0131r Senaryosunda enerji kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n %12<\/strong>‘sini hidrojen, %13<\/strong>‘\u00fcn\u00fc de biyoyak\u0131tlar olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve emisyonsuz enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131, K\u00fcresel Net S\u0131f\u0131r Senaryosunda 2021’den 2050’ye %65<\/strong>, Kanada Net S\u0131f\u0131r Senaryosunda ise %56<\/strong> d\u00fc\u015fecektir. Fosil yak\u0131tlar enerji sisteminde h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6nemli bir rol oynuyor; 2050 y\u0131l\u0131nda fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, karbon yakalama teknolojisiyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f end\u00fcstriyel tesislerde veya asfalt, ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar ve petrokimyasallar gibi enerji d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131mlarda kullan\u0131lacak<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Kanada Do\u011fa Temelli \u0130klim \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri – Nature-Based Climate Solutions (NBCS) ve GHG Sera Gazlar\u0131 <\/strong><\/h3>\n

Nature-based climate solutions (NBCS) yani do\u011faya dayal\u0131 iklim \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri (NBCS)<\/strong>, Kanada’da sera gaz\u0131 (GHG) emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong>nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayabilir. NBCS, insanlar\u0131n karbonu tutan veya atmosfere sera gaz\u0131 sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azaltan do\u011fal ekosistemleri koruma, iyile\u015ftirme veya y\u00f6netme yollar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131 Kanada’daki tar\u0131msal y\u00f6netim uygulamalar\u0131ndaki iyile\u015ftirmeler (koruyucu toprak i\u015fleme tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n* benimsenmesi ve yaz nadasa tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n* azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131m\u0131 dahil) ve daha y\u00fcksek \u00fcr\u00fcn verimi, tar\u0131msal topraklar\u0131n karbon girdisini art\u0131rd\u0131 ve bu da zaman i\u00e7inde ekim alanlar\u0131ndan daha fazla uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kanada’n\u0131n Enerji Gelece\u011fi 2023’te, ihtiyatl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, Mevcut \u00d6nlemler senaryosunda 2030-50 i\u00e7in net LULUCF nin (NBCS’nin uygulanmas\u0131 dahil) -13 Mt CO2e ve 2030 ve 2050’ye kadar (s\u0131ras\u0131yla) -30 ve -50 Mt CO2 olaca\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Net s\u0131f\u0131r senaryolar\u0131m\u0131zda. Her iki Net-s\u0131f\u0131r senaryoda da bu, 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Net-s\u0131f\u0131r emisyona ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ekonominin di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlerinde kalan yakla\u015f\u0131k +150 Mt CO2e toplam emisyonunu dengelemek i\u00e7in gereken toplam negatif emisyonun yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7te birine e\u015fde\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n

Bu, NBCS’nin Kanada’da Net s\u0131f\u0131r gelecekte oynayabilece\u011fi \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc g\u00f6stermektedir. NBCS’nin sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltma potansiyelini art\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan federal d\u00fczeydeki giri\u015fimlere \u00f6rnek olarak Kanada H\u00fck\u00fcmetinin 2 milyar a\u011fa\u00e7 (2BT) program\u0131, Do\u011fa Ak\u0131ll\u0131 \u0130klim \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri Fonu<\/strong> ve \u00c7iftlik \u0130\u00e7i \u0130klim Eylem Fonu<\/strong> say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Kanada’n\u0131n sera gaz\u0131 emisyon envanterinde, arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131, arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ve ormanc\u0131l\u0131k (LULUCF-the land-use, land-use change, and forestry ) kategorisi, y\u00f6netilen arazilerde insan kaynakl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden kaynaklanan\u00a0 emissions releases (+) and removals (-) yani emisyon sal\u0131n\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 (+) ve uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 (-) hesaba katmaktad\u0131r – ormanc\u0131l\u0131k Tan\u0131m\u0131*, tar\u0131m Tan\u0131m\u0131* dahil , sulak alan Tan\u0131m\u0131* ve yerle\u015fim yerleri Tan\u0131m\u0131*.da buna dahildir.<\/p>\n

YEN\u0130LENEB\u0130L\u0130R ENERJ\u0130 <\/strong><\/h3>\n

Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131na ve ilgili kritik madenlere ge\u00e7i\u015fle ilgili 2022 ve 2023’teki politika geli\u015fmeleri, enerji ve madencilik sekt\u00f6rleri<\/strong> i\u00e7in yak\u0131n ve orta vadede \u00f6nemli f\u0131rsatlar do\u011furdu. Ancak faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek seyrinin yan\u0131s\u0131ra \u00a0ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin yava\u015flamas\u0131 nedeniyle piyasa kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 2024’te \u00f6nemli olumsuzluklarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmas\u0131 beklentiler aras\u0131nda. Karma\u015f\u0131k i\u015f ortam\u0131 ve belirsiz ekonomik g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn ortas\u0131nda, 2024’te yenilenebilir enerji ge\u00e7i\u015fini<\/strong> ve pil tedarik zincirini<\/strong> etkileyen temel fakt\u00f6rler ba\u015fl\u0131ca inceleme alt\u0131ndaki konulardan.<\/p>\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi uluslararas\u0131 toplumda d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndemindeki kayg\u0131l\u0131 s\u0131cak yerini korurken, 2023 senesinde Kanada h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2023 b\u00fct\u00e7esinde temiz ekonomiyi b\u00fcy\u00fctme yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f ve PV-Tech\u2019in haberi, h\u00fck\u00fcmet b\u00fct\u00e7e kapsam\u0131 dahilinde vergiye tabi kurulu\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcne\u015f, pil depolama ve r\u00fczg\u00e2r<\/strong> gibi temiz enerji teknolojilerine yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlarda y\u00fczde 30<\/strong> iade edilebilir vergi kredisi oldu\u011funu onaylamas\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekilmi\u015fti. Ayr\u0131ca Kanada h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, yerli topluluklar ve belediyeye ait kamu hizmetleri gibi vergiye tabi olmayan kurulu\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan temiz elektrik \u00fcretimi ve enerji depolamaya yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlara y\u00fczde 15 iade edilebilir<\/strong> vergi kredisi<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra \u00fcretim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde kullan\u0131lan makine – ekipman yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ve temiz tedarik zincirleri i\u00e7in kritik malzemelerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, i\u015flenmesi ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesine uygulanan “temiz teknoloji \u00fcretimi” i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 30 iade edilebilir bir vergi kredisi getirilmesini de \u00f6nermi\u015fti .<\/p>\n

Konuyu biraz daha a\u00e7arsak Kanada yenilenebilir enerji ve teknolojilerin geli\u015ftirilmesini desteklemek i\u00e7in 28 Mart 2023’te mercek alt\u0131na al\u0131nan 2023 b\u00fct\u00e7esinde Kanada federal h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, hem yenilenebilir enerjilere hem de belirli temiz teknolojilere yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 desteklemeyi ama\u00e7layan yeni vergi te\u015fviklerini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu te\u015fvikler be\u015f ana Yat\u0131r\u0131m Vergi Kredisi -Investment Tax Credits (ITC)<\/strong> halinde grupland\u0131r\u0131lmakta..<\/p>\n

Temiz Hidrojen ITC (\u0130nvestment Tax Credits), taraf\u0131na bakarsak temiz hidrojen projelerinde kullan\u0131lacak ekipmanlara yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. Yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n %40’\u0131na kadar olan bu iade edilebilir kredi, en ge\u00e7 2034 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar kullan\u0131ma sunulacak ekipmanlara uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken, temiz Elektrik cephesi \u00a0ITC, temiz elektri\u011fin \u00fcretimi, iletimi ve depolanmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 kapsamaktad\u0131r. Uygun yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n %15’ini kapsayan bu iade edilebilir kredi, 2034 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7erli olacak ve yukar\u0131da belirtilen faaliyetlerde kullan\u0131lan mevcut tesislerin yenilenmesini ve yenilenmesini kapsayaca\u011f\u0131 benimsenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Temiz Teknoloji \u00dcretimi ITC’si, ise, temiz teknolojide kullan\u0131lan belirli mineral ve maddelerin \u00fcretiminde, i\u015flenmesinde veya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan belirli ekipman ve makinelerin sat\u0131n alma maliyetinin %30’una e\u015fit bir kredi anlam\u0131na gelmekteydi ve s\u00f6zkonusu kredinin ancak 2034 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

2023 federal b\u00fct\u00e7esi 2022 federal b\u00fct\u00e7esinde yer alan Temiz Teknoloji ITC ve Karbon Yakalama, Kullan\u0131m ve Depolama ITC (the Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage–CCUS ITC) kredilerini de geni\u015fletmekteydi. Temiz Teknoloji ITC, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta belirli temiz teknoloji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir kredi olarak duyurulmu\u015f olsa da sonras\u0131nda elektrik \u00fcreten belirli jeotermal enerji sistemlerini<\/strong> kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lerleyen g\u00fcnlerde Kanada’n\u0131n enerji g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc farkl\u0131 boyutlar\u0131yla ele alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda yeniden g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere…<\/p>\n

\u00c7i\u011fdem Yorganc\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Canada Energy Regulator \/ R\u00e9gie de l\u2019\u00e9nergie du Canada<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.cer-rec.gc.ca\/en\/data-analysis\/canada-energy-future\/2023\/<\/a><\/p>\n

KAYNAK\u00c7A\u00a0 ARA\u015eTIRMALARI<\/p>\n

https:\/\/publications.gc.ca\/<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www2.deloitte.com\/ca\/en\/pages\/energy-and-resources\/articles\/future-of-energy.html<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Kanada’n\u0131n Enerji Gelece\u011fi Senaryolar, Projeksiyonlardan Sera Gazlar\u0131, Temiz Enerji ve \u0130klim \u00d6zelinde Baz\u0131 Kesitler Kanada’n\u0131n Enerji Gelece\u011fi 2023: 2050 Enerji Arz\u0131 ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":185393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,52,49,50],"tags":[8962,112792,112793,112791,3851,165,5637,1928,112794,112795,112796,95565,5034,842,2706,39365,112798,112797],"views":65,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185388"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=185388"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185388\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/185393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=185388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=185388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=185388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}