{"id":184107,"date":"2024-02-05T16:29:38","date_gmt":"2024-02-05T13:29:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=184107"},"modified":"2024-02-05T16:29:59","modified_gmt":"2024-02-05T13:29:59","slug":"izoder-depremler-onlenemez-ancak-binalarin-yikilmasi-onlenebilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/izoder-depremler-onlenemez-ancak-binalarin-yikilmasi-onlenebilir\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) \u0130ZODER: Depremler \u00d6nlenemez Ancak Binalar\u0131n Y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00d6nlenebilir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

\u201cAsr\u0131n felaketi\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan Kahramanmara\u015f merkezli 6 \u015eubat depremlerinin \u00fczerinden bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. Ac\u0131lar\u0131n tazeli\u011fini korudu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede altyap\u0131 ve yeniden yap\u0131la\u015fma ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere normalle\u015fme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l ya\u015fanan elim deprem felaketi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc afetlere kar\u015f\u0131 kentlerimizin ne kadar k\u0131r\u0131lgan oldu\u011funu bir kez daha ortaya koydu. Yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mesajda; ba\u015fta deprem b\u00f6lgesi olmak \u00fczere \u00fclke genelinde yeniden yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n temeline \u201cg\u00fcvenli bina\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131 oturtmak gerekti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen \u0130ZODER Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Emrullah Eruslu; \u201c6 \u015eubat\u2019ta depremin de\u011fil yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmlere yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir kez daha ac\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tecr\u00fcbe ettik. Hatalardan ders \u00e7\u0131karamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00fclkece bedelini \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r \u015fekilde \u00f6dedi\u011fimiz son y\u0131k\u0131m olmas\u0131n\u0131 diliyoruz. Ba\u015fta deprem b\u00f6lgesi olmak \u00fczere \u00fclkemizde yap\u0131lan her binada bilimi temel alan, g\u00fcvenli, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve konforlu bir yap\u0131la\u015fma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. Depreme kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc binalar i\u00e7in do\u011fru yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u201cDepremlerin olmas\u0131 engellenemez ancak binalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 engellenebilir\u201d diyen \u0130ZODER Is\u0131 Su Ses \"\"ve Yang\u0131n Yal\u0131t\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 Derne\u011fi Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Emrullah Eruslu, <\/strong>\u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi; \u201cT\u00fcm T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi derinden sarsan 6 \u015eubat deprem felaketi, g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu bir kez daha ortaya koydu. Art\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lacak ders kalmad\u0131, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki tek se\u00e7enek g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131la\u015fma. Bundan sonra t\u00fcm yeni binalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00fclkemizin deprem ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak zemine uygun, kaliteli malzemelerle ve mevzuatlar dahilinde projelendirerek in\u015fa etmeli, su ve \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131yla korozyona kar\u015f\u0131<\/strong> korumal\u0131y\u0131z. Binalar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olan korozyona kar\u015f\u0131 bir kalkan g\u00f6revi g\u00f6ren su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, binalar\u0131n sa\u011flam \u015fekilde ayakta kalmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda hayati \u00f6neme sahip oldu\u011funu unutmamal\u0131y\u0131z.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Su Yal\u0131t\u0131ms\u0131z Binalar Sadece 24 Y\u0131lda Ta\u015f\u0131ma Kapasitesinin Tamam\u0131n\u0131 Kaybedebiliyor<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Yal\u0131t\u0131m sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7alt\u0131 kurulu\u015fu \u0130ZODER\u2019in 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda g\u00fcvenli yap\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131ndan biri olan su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fini vurgulayan \u0130ZODER Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \"\"Emrullah Eruslu<\/strong>, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki yap\u0131 stoku a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak betonarme binalardan olu\u015fuyor. Betonarme yap\u0131 sistemlerinin en zay\u0131f noktalar\u0131ndan birini suya kar\u015f\u0131 olan hassasiyeti olu\u015fturuyor. Ya\u011fmur, kar, yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131, zeminde yer alan nem, mutfak, banyo, tuvalet gibi \u0131slak hacimlerdeki su ka\u00e7aklar\u0131, binan\u0131n in\u015fa edildi\u011fi zeminde bulunan bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 veya bas\u0131n\u00e7s\u0131z yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131 nedeniyle binalar s\u00fcrekli olarak suya maruz kalabiliyor. Suyun ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 yap\u0131 elemanlar\u0131na n\u00fcfuz etmesi, betonun i\u00e7indeki demirin paslanmas\u0131na<\/strong> yani korozyona<\/strong> neden oluyor. Korozyon ise yap\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesini azalt\u0131yor. Betonarme yap\u0131lar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, tasar\u0131m \u00f6m\u00fcrleri s\u00fcresince i\u015flevlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n standartlara uygun \u015fekilde \u0131s\u0131 ve su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ile korozyondan korunmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Karadeniz Teknik \u00dcniversitesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. \u015eakir Erdo\u011fdu\u2019nun yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma; suya maruz kalan bir donat\u0131n\u0131n 5 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesinin y\u00fczde 50\u2019sini, 15 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131, 24 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda ise tamam\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Yani herhangi bir deprem ya da d\u0131\u015f etken olmadan bile sadece donat\u0131 korozyonu ile bir yap\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kmesi s\u00f6z konusu. 17 A\u011fustos 1999 Marmara Depremi sonras\u0131nda \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi Hasar Tespit Komisyonu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan incelemeler sonucunda, y\u00fczde 79<\/strong>\u2019u hasarl\u0131 bulunan 55 bin 651 konut<\/strong> ve i\u015fyerinin y\u00fczde 64<\/strong>\u2019\u00fcnde korozyon tespit edilmi\u015fti. Her iki veri de korozyon-su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> ili\u015fkisini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n

Su Yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ile Binalar\u0131n \u00d6mr\u00fcn\u00fc 100 Y\u0131la Kadar Uzatmak M\u00fcmk\u00fcn <\/strong><\/h3>\n

Binalarda Su Yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u2019nin 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesi ile su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu bir uygulamaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirten Emrullah<\/strong> Eruslu<\/strong>, \u201cDo\u011fru yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ile suyun yap\u0131lara n\u00fcfuz ederek zarar vermesini \u00f6nleyebiliriz. Binan\u0131n do\u011frudan suya maruz kalan \u00e7at\u0131, temel, \u0131slak hacim<\/strong> gibi b\u00f6lgelerinde uygulanacak su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve halk aras\u0131nda terleme olarak bilinen yo\u011fu\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nleyen \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru ve eksiksiz yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile binalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 depreme kar\u015f\u0131 koruyabiliriz. \u00dclkemizde ortalama bina \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn 30 y\u0131l oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ancak bir binan\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc en az 80-100 y\u0131l olmal\u0131. Binalarda Su Yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u2019nin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi 1 Haziran 2018\u2019den itibaren in\u015fa edilen ve zorunlu olarak su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lan bina say\u0131s\u0131 toplam yap\u0131 stokunun sadece y\u00fczde 5-5,5\u2019ini olu\u015fturuyor. 10 milyon\u2019un \u00fczerinde bina, 30 milyonu a\u015fan hanenin bulundu\u011fu \u00fclkemizde bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oranlardaki su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 uygulamas\u0131 maalesef g\u00fcvenli bina noktas\u0131nda zay\u0131f bir yerde durdu\u011fumuzu g\u00f6steriyor. Uzun y\u0131llar boyunca g\u00fcvenli bar\u0131nma sa\u011flayacak binalar i\u00e7in zemin et\u00fcd\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011fru yap\u0131lmas\u0131, yap\u0131n\u0131n tekni\u011fine uygun olarak tasarlanmas\u0131, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f etkenlerden yal\u0131t\u0131m ile korunmas\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin yine tekni\u011fine uygun \u015fekilde denetlenmesi gerekti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 bir kez daha \u00e7izmek istiyoruz\u201d<\/em> diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019da Olas\u0131 Depremde 194 Bin Bina Risk Alt\u0131nda<\/strong><\/h3>\n

7,5 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki senaryo depreminde \u0130stanbul\u2019daki binalar\u0131n ortalama y\u00fczde 17<\/strong>\u2019sinin (yakla\u015f\u0131k 194 bin bina) orta ve \u00fcst\u00fc seviyede hasar g\u00f6rece\u011finin<\/strong> tahmin edildi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Eruslu<\/strong>, a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle devam etti; \u201c\u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi ile Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Deprem M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Ana Bilim Dal\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan \u2018\u0130stanbul \u0130li Olas\u0131 Deprem Kay\u0131p Tahminlerinin G\u00fcncellenmesi Projesi\u2019<\/strong> raporunda yer alan sonu\u00e7lar, durumun ciddiyetini ortaya koyuyor: 7,5 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki senaryo depreminde \u0130stanbul\u2019daki binalar\u0131n ortalama y\u00fczde 26<\/strong>\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n hafif, y\u00fczde 13<\/strong>\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn orta, y\u00fczde 3<\/strong>\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131r ve y\u00fczde 1<\/strong>\u2019inin \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r hasar g\u00f6rmesi bekleniyor. Senaryo depreminde a\u011f\u0131r ve \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r hasarl\u0131 binalar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p tekrar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gere\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. \u00d6te yandan orta hasarl\u0131 binalar\u0131n da onar\u0131m yerine y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p yeniden in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla daha uygun oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Durum b\u00f6yleyken bir an \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye genelinde mevcut bina stokunun incelenmesi, g\u00fcvenli hale getirilebilecek binalar\u0131n ve g\u00fcvenli olmayan binalar\u0131n tespit edilmesi gerekiyor. Yeterli dayan\u0131ma sahip olan g\u00fcvenli binalar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, g\u00fcvenli olmayan binalar\u0131n ise kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme tabi tutulmas\u0131 ve yeniden in\u015fa edilmesi hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Kiralayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ya da Sat\u0131n Alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Evlerde Mutlaka Su ve Is\u0131 Yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 Olmal\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Yeni bir ev kiralayacak veya sat\u0131n alacaklara da uyar\u0131larda bulunan \u0130ZODER Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Emrullah Eruslu,<\/strong> \u201c\u0130lk a\u015famada binan\u0131z\u0131n ruhsat durumunu ve tarihini sorgulay\u0131n. \u00dclkemizde yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 alabilmek i\u00e7in 14 Haziran 2000 tarihinden itibaren \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, 01 Haziran 2018\u2019den itibaren ise su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlu oldu\u011funu bilerek binan\u0131n yal\u0131t\u0131m durumunu sorgulayabilirsiniz. Sadece oturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z daireyi kontrol etmeniz yeterli de\u011fil. Yap\u0131sal \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve demirlerin a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 mutlaka takip edin. Kolon kiri\u015f gibi ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 elemanlara zarar verilmedi\u011finden emin olun. Yap\u0131ya gelecek suyu uzakla\u015ft\u0131racak olan bir drenaj sistemi olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorun. Yap\u0131n\u0131n temelinde su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorgulay\u0131n. Binan\u0131n bodrumunda perde duvar, kiri\u015f ya da kolonlarda su izleri, \u00e7atlaklar, su ve nemden kaynaklanan siyah lekeler ya da pamuk\u00e7uklar yap\u0131n\u0131n temelinde su yal\u0131t\u0131m problemi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Sonradan binan\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131na, tuvalet, banyo gibi suyun kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131slak hacimlerine su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, d\u0131\u015f cephelerine ise d\u0131\u015ftan \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak binan\u0131n temellerine sonradan su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131larak binan\u0131n suyun zararl\u0131 etkilerinden korunmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan binan\u0131n ara katlardaki d\u0131\u015f duvarlar\u0131nda su izleri, s\u0131va kabar\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131, mantar ve k\u00fcf olu\u015fumlar\u0131 yap\u0131da \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 eksikli\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Kiralayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z veya sat\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z konutun i\u00e7ini gezerken ba\u015fta kuzey cepheleri olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. E\u011fer \u00e7at\u0131 kat\u0131nda oturacaksan\u0131z tavanlar\u0131, tavan ve d\u0131\u015f duvar birle\u015fimlerindeki k\u00f6\u015feleri ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde su izleri, s\u0131va kabar\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 ve yap\u0131sal \u00e7atlak olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131n. Bu problemler ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z yap\u0131da \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve\/veya su yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> eksikli\u011fine i\u015faret eder\u201d<\/em> diyerek a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 bitirdi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. \u201cAsr\u0131n felaketi\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan Kahramanmara\u015f merkezli 6 \u015eubat depremlerinin \u00fczerinden bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. Ac\u0131lar\u0131n tazeli\u011fini korudu\u011fu b\u00f6lgede altyap\u0131 ve yeniden yap\u0131la\u015fma ba\u015fta […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":184109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[112342,107764,675,380,21286,55111,107992,33915,75496,9134],"views":64,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184107"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=184107"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184107\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/184109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=184107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=184107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=184107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}