{"id":183203,"date":"2024-01-11T16:35:20","date_gmt":"2024-01-11T13:35:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=183203"},"modified":"2024-01-11T16:41:26","modified_gmt":"2024-01-11T13:41:26","slug":"dunyada-istihdam-ve-sosyal-gorunum-egilimler-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/dunyada-istihdam-ve-sosyal-gorunum-egilimler-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) D\u00fcnyada \u0130stihdam ve Sosyal G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm: E\u011filimler 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

ILO’nun \u201cD\u00fcnyada \u0130stihdam ve Sosyal G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm: E\u011filimler 2024\u201d \u00a0raporuna g\u00f6re hem i\u015fsizlik hem de i\u015f a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 pandemi \u00f6ncesi seviyelerin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, ancak 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00fcresel i\u015fsizli\u011fin artmas\u0131 ve giderek artan e\u015fitsizliklerin ve \u00fcretkenlikteki dura\u011fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (ILO) taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan yeni rapora g\u00f6re, i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasalar\u0131 ekonomik ko\u015fullardaki bozulmaya ra\u011fmen \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fczeyde bir dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterdi, ancak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar ve pe\u015f pe\u015fe gelen krizler, daha fazla sosyal adaletin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik umutlar\u0131 zay\u0131flatt\u0131 ve bu nedenle pandemi sonras\u0131 toparlanmada ini\u015f-\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

ILO\u2019nun \u201cD\u00fcnyada \u0130stihdam ve Sosyal G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm: E\u011filimler 2024\u201d\u00a0raporu, hem i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131n\u0131n hem de i\u015f a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 oran\u0131n\u0131n, bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle i\u015f arayan i\u015fsiz ki\u015filerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n pandemi \u00f6ncesi seviyelerin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ortaya koyuyor. Y\u00fczde 5,1 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 2023 k\u00fcresel i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131, 2022’deki y\u00fczde 5,3 seviyesinin biraz alt\u0131na inerek, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir iyile\u015fme g\u00f6sterdi. K\u00fcresel i\u015f a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131m oranlar\u0131nda da 2023’te iyile\u015fme g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ancak rapora g\u00f6re bu rakamlarda ufak bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik oldu\u011funda k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. \u00a0\u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ve k\u00fcresel i\u015fsizli\u011fin daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u015f arayan ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 2 milyon artmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylelikle k\u00fcresel i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131n\u0131n 2023’teki y\u00fczde 5,1 seviyesinden y\u00fczde 5,2’ye \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 bekleniyor. G20 \u00fclkelerinin \u00e7o\u011funda net gelir azalm\u0131\u015f durumda ve genel olarak bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ya\u015fam standartlar\u0131nda meydana gelen enflasyon kaynakl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn \u201ch\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde telafi edilmesi pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, y\u00fcksek ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye devam ediyor. 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u015f a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek gelirli \u00fclkelerde y\u00fczde 8,2 d\u00fczeyindeyken, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkelerde bu oran y\u00fczde 20,5 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Benzer \u015fekilde, i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 da 2023\u2019te y\u00fcksek gelirli \u00fclkelerde y\u00fczde 4,5 seviyesinde kal\u0131rken, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkelerde y\u00fczde 5,7 d\u00fczeyinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan yoksullu\u011funun devam etmesi bekleniyor. 2020’den sonra h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015fmesine ra\u011fmen, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yoksulluk i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan say\u0131s\u0131 (ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc paritesine g\u00f6re g\u00fcnde 2.15 ABD dolar\u0131ndan az kazananlar) 2023’te yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 milyon artt\u0131. Orta d\u00fczeyde yoksulluk i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan say\u0131s\u0131 (ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc paritesine g\u00f6re g\u00fcnde 3.65 ABD dolar\u0131ndan az kazananlar) ise 8.4 milyon artt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Raporda, gelir e\u015fitsizli\u011finin de artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda uyar\u0131da bulunuluyor ve reel harcanabilir gelirdeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn \u201ctoplam talep ve daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir ekonomik toparlanma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan k\u00f6t\u00fcye i\u015faret etti\u011fi\u201d belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

2024\u2019te kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma oranlar\u0131n\u0131n sabit kalmas\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 58’ini olu\u015fturmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc Piyasas\u0131ndaki Dengesizlikler<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131m oranlar\u0131 pandemi \u00f6ncesi seviyelere d\u00f6nmekle birlikte, farkl\u0131 gruplar aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 konusunda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir toparlanma g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fckselen ve geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde toplumsal cinsiyet fark\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 kayda de\u011fer bir oranda. Gen\u00e7 i\u015fsizlik oranlar\u0131 da sorun te\u015fkil edecek d\u00fczeylerde seyrediyor. Ne E\u011fitimde ne \u0130stihdamda ne de \u00d6\u011frenimde (NEET) olarak tan\u0131mlanan ki\u015filerin oran\u0131, \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7 kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 y\u00fcksek ve bu durum, uzun vadeli istihdam beklentilerini olumsuz etkiliyor.<\/p>\n

Rapor ayr\u0131ca, pandemi sonras\u0131nda i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131na yeniden kat\u0131lan ki\u015filerin eskisi kadar uzun saatler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmama e\u011filiminde oldu\u011funu ve izin al\u0131nan g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n

Verimlilik Art\u0131\u015f\u0131 Yava\u015flad\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc verimlili\u011fi, pandemi sonras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli bir art\u0131\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u00f6nceki on y\u0131lda g\u00f6r\u00fclen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeye geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Raporun ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00f6nemli noktalardan biri de, teknolojik ilerlemelere ve artan yat\u0131r\u0131mlara ra\u011fmen verimlilik art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n yava\u015flamaya devam ediyor oldu\u011fu. Bunun bir nedeni, ciddi tutarlardaki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n, hizmetler ve in\u015faat gibi daha az verimli sekt\u00f6rlere y\u00f6nlendirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131. Di\u011fer engeller aras\u0131nda ise, beceri k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde ve verimlili\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck firmalar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011fu sekt\u00f6rlerde yeni teknolojilerin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 benimsenmesini engelleyen b\u00fcy\u00fck dijital tekellerin hakim olmas\u0131 yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Gelecek Belirsiz\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

ILO Genel Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Gilbert F. Houngbo, \u201cBu rapor, i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131yla ilgili ana verilerin arkas\u0131ndaki fakt\u00f6rlerin incelenmesine dayal\u0131 bir rapor oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, raporda ortaya koyulanlar dikkatle ele al\u0131nmal\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fcnen o ki, bu dengesizlikler art\u0131k sadece pandemi sonras\u0131 iyile\u015fmenin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda yap\u0131sal dengesizlikler\u201d dedi ve s\u00f6zlerine \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti: \u201c<\/em>\u0130\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ile ilgili olarak raporda i\u015faret edilen zorluklar hem bireysel ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131 hem de i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in tehdit olu\u015fturuyor ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bunlarla etkili ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde m\u00fccadele etmemiz \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Ya\u015fam standartlar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fcretkenlik s\u00fcrekli enflasyonla birle\u015fince, e\u015fitsizli\u011fin artmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlayan ko\u015fullar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oluyor ve\u00a0<\/em>bu durum, sosyal adaleti sa\u011flama \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 sekteye u\u011frat\u0131yor. Ve daha fazla sosyal adalet sa\u011flanamazsa, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir iyile\u015fme asla s\u00f6z konusu olamayacak.\u201d<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. ILO’nun \u201cD\u00fcnyada \u0130stihdam ve Sosyal G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm: E\u011filimler 2024\u201d \u00a0raporuna g\u00f6re hem i\u015fsizlik hem de i\u015f a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 pandemi \u00f6ncesi seviyelerin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, ancak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":183205,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[40272,112001,23548,112002,16909],"views":18,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/183203"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=183203"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/183203\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/183205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=183203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=183203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=183203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}