{"id":179198,"date":"2023-09-13T20:41:30","date_gmt":"2023-09-13T17:41:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=179198"},"modified":"2023-09-13T20:41:30","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T17:41:30","slug":"celik-sektoru-turkiye-nin-sera-gazi-emisyonlarinin-yuzde-7-sinden-sorumlu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/celik-sektoru-turkiye-nin-sera-gazi-emisyonlarinin-yuzde-7-sinden-sorumlu\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) \u00c7elik Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye’nin Sera Gaz\u0131 Emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n % 7\u2019sinden Sorumlu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi \u0130stanbul Politikalar Merkezi\u2019nin bug\u00fcn yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cT\u00fcrkiye \u00c7elik Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn Karbonsuzla\u015fmas\u0131: Mevcut Durum\u201d <\/strong>raporu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en yo\u011fun emisyona sahip sekt\u00f6rlerinden olan \u00e7elik \u00fcretimini masaya yat\u0131ran ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma niteli\u011finde.<\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u201c2053 Net S\u0131f\u0131r\u201d hedefi do\u011frultusunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesi gereken ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ve adil bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, sadece elektrik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fil, a\u011f\u0131r sanayi olarak bilinen emisyon yo\u011fun sekt\u00f6rlerin de d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc \"\"gerektiriyor. Bu ama\u00e7la, y\u00fcksek emisyona sahip sekt\u00f6rlerin (demir-\u00e7elik, \u00e7imento, kimyasallar, g\u00fcbre vb.) karbonsuzla\u015fma \u00e7abalar\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan \u0130stanbul Politikalar Merkezi (\u0130PM)<\/strong>\u2019nin son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u201cT\u00fcrkiye \u00c7elik Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn Karbonsuzla\u015fmas\u0131: Mevcut Durum\u201d <\/strong>raporu, \u00e7elik \u00fcretiminin karbonsuzla\u015fmas\u0131 konusunda ilgili payda\u015flar i\u00e7in temel bilgi ve g\u00f6stergeleri ortaya koyuyor. Rapor, ham \u00e7elik \u00fcretimi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn toplam emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 tesis baz\u0131nda hesaplayan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma niteli\u011finde.<\/p>\n

\u00c7elik \u00fcretiminin emisyonlar\u0131 k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve gaz kaynakl\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00dcretim y\u00f6nteminden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k sa\u011flamak ve kesintisiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u00e7elik tesislerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda enerjiye ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu belirtilen raporda, s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7elik eldesi ve nihai \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin imalat\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131nda en yo\u011fun \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lan kaynaklar\u0131n k\u00f6m\u00fcr<\/strong>, \u015febekeden \u00e7ekilen elektrik<\/strong> ve fosil gaz<\/strong> oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n

Ham \u00e7elik \u00fcretimi yapan ve nihai \u00e7elik \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcreten tesisler dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7elik sekt\u00f6r\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerji t\u00fcketiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 7\u2019sinden<\/strong> ve sanayideki enerji t\u00fcketiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 22\u2019sinden<\/strong> sorumlu. Sekt\u00f6r sebep oldu\u011fu 40 milyon ton emisyon ile \u00fclkenin toplam emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 7\u2019sini<\/strong> olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Rapor, tesislerin t\u00fcketti\u011fi enerji miktar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bulgular\u0131 da i\u00e7eriyor. Buna g\u00f6re, entegre tesislerin \u00e7elik \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu enerjinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131 k\u00f6m\u00fcrden<\/strong> y\u00fczde 7\u2019sini ise fosil gazdan<\/strong> elde ediliyor. Elektrik ark ocakl\u0131 tesislerde ise t\u00fcketilen enerjinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131 elektrik enerjisinden, y\u00fczde 32\u2019si fosil gazdan<\/strong> geliyor. Entegre tesisler, di\u011fer tesislere k\u0131yasla, birim \u00fcretimde 9-10 kat daha fazla enerji<\/strong> t\u00fcketiyor. Sekt\u00f6rde enerji verimlili\u011fi de<\/strong> istenilen noktada bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, 41 tesis ile ham \u00e7elik \u00fcretiminde d\u00fcnyada 7. s\u0131rada<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00c7elik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, otomotiv, makina, dayan\u0131kl\u0131 e\u015fya \u00fcretimi, altyap\u0131 ve in\u015faat faaliyetlerinde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. D\u00fcnyada iki milyar tona ula\u015fan ham \u00e7elik \u00fcretiminde T\u00fcrkiye 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda 40,4 milyon ton<\/strong> ile 7. s\u0131rada bulunurken, \u00e7elik t\u00fcketiminde 33,4 milyon ton ile 8. s\u0131rada<\/strong> yer al\u0131yor. \u00c7elik sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, 25 milyar ABD dolar\u0131 ihracat de\u011feri ile de T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe sahip ve do\u011frudan 55 bin, dolayl\u0131 olarak ise 300 bin ki\u015fiye istihdam sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 3 entegre tesis, 27 elektrik ocakl\u0131 ve 11 ind\u00fcksiyon ocakl\u0131 olmak \u00fczere toplam 41 ham \u00e7elik \u00fcretim tesisi var<\/strong>. Ham<\/strong> \u00e7elik<\/strong> \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 70\u2019inden fazlas\u0131 elektrik ark ocakl\u0131 tesislerde<\/strong> \u00fcretilen ve daha \u00e7ok in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde<\/strong> kullan\u0131lan uzun \u00e7elik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden<\/strong> olu\u015fuyor. Y\u00fcksek vas\u0131fl\u0131 yass\u0131 \u00e7elik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretildi\u011fi entegre tesislerin \u00fcretimdeki pay\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 30 civar\u0131nda<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00c7elik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn karbonsuzla\u015fmas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in rekabet avantaj\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ham \u00e7elik \u00fcretimini b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda hurda \u00e7eli\u011fin eritilmesi ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen di\u011fer \u00e7elik \u00fcreticisi \u00fclkelerine g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir emisyon yo\u011funlu\u011funa sahip. Ancak, ham \u00e7elik \u00fcretimindeki dolayl\u0131 ve do\u011frudan t\u00fcm emisyonlar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda elektrik \u00fcretiminin y\u00fcksek CO2<\/sub> yo\u011funlu\u011fu (Kapsam 2) ve hammaddelerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma\/lojistik emisyonlar\u0131 (Kapsam 3) nedeniyle, \u00e7elik \u00fcreticilerinin birim \u00fcretim ba\u015f\u0131na CO2<\/sub> emisyonlar\u0131 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6steriyor. Raporda, mevcut durumdaki gidi\u015fat\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fi bir senaryoda, k\u00fcresel pazardaki karbonsuzla\u015fma ivmesinin gerisinde kal\u0131nabilece\u011fi<\/strong> belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u00fcksek emisyonlu sanayi sekt\u00f6rlerine ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 azalt\u0131m hedefleri tan\u0131mlayan uzun d\u00f6nemli bir yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eve hen\u00fcz bulunmuyor. Rapor, sekt\u00f6rde i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, hava kirlili\u011fi ve \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi performans\u0131 gibi ba\u015fl\u0131klardaki performans\u0131n\u0131 daha yukar\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131yacak topyek\u00fbn bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor. Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) S\u0131n\u0131rda Karbon Denkle\u015ftirme Mekanizmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yak\u0131n bir gelecekte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda, sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn; t\u00fcm tedarik zincirini kapsayan yeni pazar ko\u015fullar\u0131na uyumunu h\u0131zland\u0131racak \u015fekilde harekete ge\u00e7mesinin, k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye rekabet avantaj\u0131 getirebilece\u011finin alt\u0131 \u00e7iziliyor.<\/p>\n

IPM T\u00fcrkiye \u00c7elik Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn Karbonsuzla\u015fmas\u0131 Projesi\u2019nin Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc Dursun Ba\u015f <\/strong>“\u0130klim, enerji ve \u00e7evre mevzuat\u0131na uyum AB ile s\u00fcre giden \u00e7elik ticaretini do\u011frudan etkileyecek noktaya gelmi\u015f durumda. T\u00fcrkiye ve AB aras\u0131nda ticarete konu \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yer tutan \u00e7elik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u201cAB S\u0131n\u0131rda Karbon Denkle\u015ftirme Mekanizmas\u0131 T\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d kapsam\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Avrupa pazar\u0131n\u0131 korumak isteyen sekt\u00f6r oyuncular\u0131n\u0131n, enerji verimlili\u011fi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, metal\u00fcrjik verimlili\u011fi iyile\u015ftirici proses de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, fosil yak\u0131tlardan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ve yenilenebilir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 gibi ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 bir \u00fcst noktaya ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gerekecek” <\/em>dedi.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nde bir\u00e7ok \u00fcye \u00fclkede d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu \u00e7elik \u00fcretimi \u00e7abalar\u0131na verilen desteklerin en \u00fcst seviyeye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Ba\u015f<\/strong>, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti: \u201cKarar vericilerin \u00e7elik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de dahil oldu\u011fu a\u011f\u0131r sanayi sekt\u00f6rleri i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ve yasal olarak ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 uzun vadeli hedefleri belirlemesi ve bu hedeflere ili\u015fkin kurallar\u0131 ve prosed\u00fcrleri net bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlamas\u0131; finansman ve b\u00fct\u00e7e politikalar\u0131n\u0131 iklim hedeflerine uyum do\u011frultusunda yeniden ele almas\u0131 gerekiyor. Bunu yaparken de enerjiyi verimsiz bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131p yo\u011fun elektrik t\u00fcketerek \u015febeke \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 yaratan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck katma de\u011ferli yeni tesis yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na da dikkatli bir \u015fekilde yakla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131. D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcrecinde verilecek destekler; yeni beceriler geli\u015ftirilmesi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan refah\u0131 gibi alanlar\u0131 da dikkate almal\u0131.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

Raporun edit\u00f6r\u00fc, IPM \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc \u00dcmit \u015eahin <\/strong>ise \u015fu yorumda bulundu: \u201dT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u201cNet S\u0131f\u0131r\u201d hedefiyle uyumlu adil bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131lmas\u0131, sadece elektrik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011fil, y\u00fcksek enerji yo\u011funluklu sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin de karbonsuzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel ekonomi prensiplerine uygun \u00fcretilerek hammadde ve enerji t\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyor. T\u00fcrkiye, y\u00fcksek enerji yo\u011funluklu sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin \u00f6nemli bir ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ve t\u00fcketicisi. Taraf oldu\u011fumuz Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na uygun olarak d\u00fcnyada d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu \u00e7elik \u00fcretiminin kural haline gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, T\u00fcrkiye de anla\u015fma kapsam\u0131ndaki y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirmek ve 2053\u2019te net s\u0131f\u0131r hedefini tutturmak i\u00e7in sanayide karbonsuzla\u015fma yol haritas\u0131n\u0131 mutlaka belirlemeli.<\/em> Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda T\u00fcrkiye sanayiinin rekabet\u00e7i konumunu korumas\u0131 i\u00e7in de zorunlu<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Rapora <\/strong>https:\/\/ipc.sabanciuniv.edu\/Content\/Images\/CKeditorImages\/20230907-13095942.pdf<\/a> adresinden ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi \u0130stanbul Politikalar Merkezi\u2019nin bug\u00fcn yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cT\u00fcrkiye \u00c7elik Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn Karbonsuzla\u015fmas\u0131: Mevcut Durum\u201d raporu, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en yo\u011fun emisyona sahip sekt\u00f6rlerinden olan \u00e7elik […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":179200,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52,24649],"tags":[75892,43700,31929,110688],"views":86,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=179198"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179198\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/179200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=179198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=179198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=179198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}