{"id":158163,"date":"2022-06-28T06:11:05","date_gmt":"2022-06-28T03:11:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=158163"},"modified":"2022-06-28T06:14:32","modified_gmt":"2022-06-28T03:14:32","slug":"abnin-enerji-fiyatlari-ni-dusurmesinin-6-yolu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/abnin-enerji-fiyatlari-ni-dusurmesinin-6-yolu\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) AB’nin Enerji Fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesinin 6 Yolu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

AB \u00fclkelerinin yenilenebilir enerji hedeflerini y\u00fckseltti\u011fini ve bu ba\u011flamda 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar elektrik \u00fcretiminde yenilenebilir enerji pay\u0131n\u0131 %63\u2019e \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; REPowerEU paketiyle bu hedefin %69’a \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. AB \u00fclkelerinin 2019’daki planlar\u0131, 2030 i\u00e7in %55’i hedeflerken Avrupa Birli\u011fi, Ukrayna sava\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, yenilenebilir enerji kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 1.149 GW\u2019a \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 planl\u0131yordu, oysa \u015fimdi hedef 1.434 GW, bu %25’lik bir art\u0131\u015f, di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ilave 839 GW\u2019l\u0131k yenilenebilir enerji kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fc anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/h2>\n

1. Art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, AB’nin Rusya’n\u0131n k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve do\u011falgaz\u0131na olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 durdurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan REPowerEU plan\u0131n\u0131n itici g\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. AB,<\/strong> 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda gaz arz\u0131n\u0131n %35<\/strong>‘ini Rusya’dan<\/strong> ithal etti.<\/p>\n

\"\"Yenilenebilir enerji \u00fcretimini art\u0131rmak, yaln\u0131zca enerjide fosil yak\u0131tlara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltmakla kalmayacak, daha da \u00f6nemlisi, fosil yak\u0131t ithalat\u0131n\u0131 ikame ederek enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131racakt\u0131r. Fosil yak\u0131t ithalat\u0131n\u0131 yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131yla ikame etmek enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc r\u00fczgar ve g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi neredeyse her zaman yurt i\u00e7inde \u00fcretilir ve t\u00fcketilir. Jeopolitik krizlerden ve fiyat de\u011fi\u015fkenli\u011finden fosil yak\u0131tlar kadar etkilenmezler.<\/p>\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki grafik, \u0130ngiltere, Almanya ve Fransa taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klanan ulusal yenilenebilir enerji hedeflerinin bu \u00fclkelerin ithal fosil yak\u0131tlara olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l azaltabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

2. \u0130\u015fletme maliyetlerinde tasarruf<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Rusya’n\u0131n Ukrayna’y\u0131 i\u015fgalinden bu yana, elektri\u011fi k\u00f6m\u00fcr yerine temiz kaynaklardan \u00fcretmenin ekonomik cazibesi de \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde artt\u0131. Analizimize g\u00f6re,<\/strong> May\u0131s ay\u0131 i\u00e7in, AB genelinde gaz ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan santrallerin ortalama i\u015fletme maliyeti, d\u00f6rt saatlik batarya depolama sistemleri ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yeni kara tipi r\u00fczgar veya g\u00fcne\u015f santrallerinin iki kat\u0131ndan<\/strong> fazlayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dahas\u0131, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki k\u0131\u015f sezonuna ve \u00f6tesine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, fiyatland\u0131rma bask\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n azalma belirtisi g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi ve bu dinamiklerin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 24 ay boyunca<\/strong> y\u00fcksek seyrine devam edecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve gaz vadeli i\u015flem fiyatlar\u0131na yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

3. Yak\u0131t maliyetlerinden edilen tasarrufla enerji ge\u00e7i\u015fi maliyetleri kar\u015f\u0131lanabilir<\/strong><\/h3>\n

REPowerEU hedeflerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in, AB’nin 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yenilenebilir enerjiye 1,5 trilyon \u20ac<\/strong> yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini tahmin ediyoruz<\/a>[1]<\/a>. Bu miktar kula\u011fa \u00e7ok gelse de yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Y\u0131llara b\u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde, AB’nin \u015fu andan itibaren 2030’a kadar y\u0131lda 182 milyar \u20ac yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmas\u0131 gerekecek. Bu, AB’nin 2021’de yenilenebilir enerjiye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mdan yakla\u015f\u0131k %18 daha fazla. Ayr\u0131ca, s\u00f6z konusu maliyetin yaln\u0131zca sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015febeke yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 hesaba katmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u0131ras\u0131yla 290 \u20ac\/ton ve 96 \u20ac\/MWh olan mevcut y\u00fcksek k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve gaz fiyatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, y\u0131lda 203 milyar \u20ac ve 428 milyar \u20ac’luk yak\u0131t maliyetinden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir. Bu miktar, REPowerEU hedeflerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gereken y\u0131ll\u0131k yenilenebilir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 fazlas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r. Gaz fiyatlar\u0131 kriz \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemdeki 32 \u20ac\/MWh seviyelerine inse bile, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lan gaz harcamalar\u0131 sayesinde Avrupa\u2019da y\u0131lda\u00a0140 milyar \u20ac<\/strong> \u00fczerinde tasarruf edilmesi beklenebilir. Bu, REPowerEU hedeflerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken y\u0131ll\u0131k yenilenebilir enerji sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcne <\/strong>kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor.<\/p>\n

4. Deflasyon etkilerinden elde edilen hane halk\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Altyap\u0131 \u015firketleri, yak\u0131t fiyatlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015ftan do\u011fan ek maliyetleri, hanelerin enerji faturalar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak yoluyla t\u00fcketicilere yans\u0131t\u0131yor. Y\u00fckselen enflasyon da devreye girince bir ya\u015fam maliyeti krizi ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. K\u0131\u015f d\u00f6neminde bu kriz daha da \u015fiddetlenecek. Ancak yenilenebilir enerjinin deflasyon etkisi, artan yak\u0131t fiyatlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 etkili bir koruma sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n

Almanya \u00f6rne\u011fini ele alal\u0131m. 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda, ortalama hane halk\u0131 elektrik maliyeti 32,15 sent\/kWh<\/a> olup, 7,93 sent\/kWh\u2019lik enerji tedarik maliyeti, s\u00f6z konusu toplam maliyetin yaln\u0131zca d\u00f6rtte birini olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131. Yak\u0131t fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n mevcut durumunda, enerji tedarik maliyetlerinin %50 fiyat art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile 12,08 sent\/kWh’ye<\/a>[2]<\/a> y\u00fckselmesini bekliyoruz. Y\u0131lda 3.500 kWh elektrik t\u00fcketen tipik bir \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015filik Alman hanesi i\u00e7in, ayl\u0131k elektrik faturas\u0131 bu y\u0131l 94\u20ac’dan 104\u20ac’ya y\u00fckselecek; di\u011fer t\u00fcm maliyet bile\u015fenlerinin de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fi varsay\u0131l\u0131rsa, bu %10’luk bir art\u0131\u015f anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n

Almanya, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zla yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rma plan\u0131 do\u011frultusunda, mevcut kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fcne y\u0131lda 18 GW g\u00fcne\u015f kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fc art\u0131 batarya depolama alan\u0131 ve 7 GW kara tipi r\u00fczgar kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fc art\u0131 batarya depolama alan\u0131 eklerse, meskenlerin ayl\u0131k elektrik faturalar\u0131n\u0131 2024 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 91\u20ac’ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, Almanya’da yenilenebilir enerjinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131yla, 2024’teki enerji faturalar\u0131 %9<\/strong> daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olabilir.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, yenilenebilir enerji kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn bu kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi sa\u011flam ve istikrarl\u0131 bir k\u00fcresel tedarik zinciri gerektirmektedir, aksi takdirde arza ba\u011fl\u0131 bir maliyet enflasyonu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. T\u00fcm de\u011fer zinciri boyunca yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekecektir.<\/p>\n

5. Milyonlarca ye\u015fil i\u015f<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Mevcut literat\u00fcr\u00fc analiz etti\u011fimizde, REPowerEU plan\u0131n\u0131n yenilenebilir enerji hedeflerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in at\u0131lacak ad\u0131mlar, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 2,4 milyon<\/strong> ye\u015fil i\u015f yaratabilir.<\/p>\n

Teknoloji t\u00fcr\u00fc ve \u00fclkeye g\u00f6re bir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0130ngiltere’nin a\u00e7\u0131k deniz r\u00fczgar santrallerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015f alan\u0131 yaratabilece\u011fini, \u00f6te yandan kara tipi r\u00fczgar sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00f6zellikle Almanya’n\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir potansiyele sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. G\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi alan\u0131ndaysa, en b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f alanlar\u0131, Almanya, Fransa, \u0130ngiltere ve Yunanistan’da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak.<\/p>\n

Yenilenebilir enerji alan\u0131nda yarat\u0131lacak i\u015flerin say\u0131s\u0131, de\u011fer zincirine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Yenilenebilir enerji teknolojilerinin AB’de \u00fcretilmesi halinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak ekonomik faaliyet daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olacak, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00f6lgedeki i\u015f potansiyeli daha da artacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

6. Uzun vadeli iklim hedeflerine ula\u015fmak<\/strong><\/h3>\n

REPowerEU plan\u0131<\/strong>, jeopolitik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli olman\u0131n ve enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/strong> ile ekonomi<\/strong> alanlar\u0131nda itici g\u00fcce sahip olman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, AB’nin uzun vadeli iklim hedeflerine<\/strong> ula\u015fmas\u0131na imkan sa\u011flayacak bir yap\u0131dad\u0131r. AB Ye\u015fil Mutabakat\u0131<\/strong>\u2019nda telaffuz edilen hedefler aras\u0131nda, birli\u011fin 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar<\/strong> net s\u0131f\u0131r seviyesine ula\u015fmas\u0131 ve emisyonlar\u0131 1990<\/strong> seviyelerine k\u0131yasla 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na<\/strong> kadar %55<\/strong> oran\u0131nda azaltmas\u0131 yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Emisyonlar\u0131 azaltman\u0131n<\/strong> en az maliyetli ve en h\u0131zl\u0131 yollar\u0131ndan biri, yenilenebilir enerjinin<\/strong> \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirilmesidir. Emisyonlar\u0131n kesin olarak ne kadar azalt\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, yenilenebilir enerji \u00fcretiminin<\/strong> hangi fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7ece\u011fi ile do\u011frudan ili\u015fkilidir. Yeni in\u015fa edilecek yenilenebilir kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fc, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn yerini al\u0131rsa emisyonlar\u0131 1,1 GtCO2,<\/strong> do\u011fal gaz\u0131n yerini al\u0131rsa 460 MtCO2<\/strong> azaltabilir<\/a>[3]<\/a>. Esasen, emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in, ilk \u00f6nce k\u00f6m\u00fcr santrallerinden<\/strong> \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ad\u0131mlar at\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. AB \u00fclkelerinin yenilenebilir enerji hedeflerini y\u00fckseltti\u011fini ve bu ba\u011flamda 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar elektrik \u00fcretiminde yenilenebilir enerji pay\u0131n\u0131 %63\u2019e \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; REPowerEU paketiyle […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":158166,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53],"tags":[19,232,103,104330,6817,104329,104328,64037,1076],"views":135,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/158163"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=158163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/158163\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/158166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=158163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=158163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=158163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}