{"id":158159,"date":"2022-06-27T13:00:24","date_gmt":"2022-06-27T10:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=158159"},"modified":"2022-06-27T13:00:24","modified_gmt":"2022-06-27T10:00:24","slug":"kuresel-sicaklik-artisi-biyolojik-cesitlilik-kaybina-neden-oluyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/kuresel-sicaklik-artisi-biyolojik-cesitlilik-kaybina-neden-oluyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) K\u00fcresel S\u0131cakl\u0131k Art\u0131\u015f\u0131 Biyolojik \u00c7e\u015fitlilik Kayb\u0131na Neden Oluyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel iklim eylemlerinin, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma hedefine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekli olan seviyenin gerisinde kalmas\u0131 sebebiyle, bir\u00e7ok senaryo karar vericiler taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma limitinin y\u0131llar boyunca “a\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na” i\u015faret ediyor.<\/h2>\n

Bu kapsamda, 2100 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar<\/strong> tehlikeli s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> karbon uzakla\u015ft\u0131rma teknolojilerinin (carbon dioxide removal technology, CDR<\/em>) hayata ge\u00e7mesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Cape Town \u00dcniversitesi (UCT)<\/strong> ve University College London (UCL)<\/strong> b\u00fcnyesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma, limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> d\u00fcnya genelinde biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik<\/strong> ve ekosistemlerde<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ve bir\u00e7ok durumda geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayan hasara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini<\/strong> ortaya koyuyor.\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:<\/strong> Biological Sciences isimli bilimsel dergide yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, d\u00fcnya genelinde 30.000’i a\u015fk\u0131n<\/strong> t\u00fcr\u00fc ele alarak, incelenen alanlar\u0131n en az d\u00f6rtte birinde, limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6ncesindeki ‘normal’ ko\u015fullara<\/strong> geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a belirsiz oldu\u011funu ya da b\u00f6yle bir ihtimal olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

UCT<\/strong> ve UCL’de<\/strong> g\u00f6rev yapan ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, s\u0131cakl\u0131k limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik \u00fczerindeki etkisini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik kayb\u0131<\/strong>, hali haz\u0131rda iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin<\/strong> etkisiyle ormanlarda ve mercan resiflerinde toplu \u00f6l\u00fcmler \u015feklinde<\/strong> ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma, limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 durumunda<\/strong> t\u00fcrlerin da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> ve \u00fcreme davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir\u00e7ok parametrede ne gibi de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ya\u015fanabilece\u011fini ele al\u0131yor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, “Limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C<\/strong> ile s\u0131n\u0131rlama hedefinin a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> ve sonras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n alt\u0131na inildi\u011fi<\/strong> durumda biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik<\/strong> \u00fczerindeki ne gibi riskler yaratabilece\u011finin modellendi\u011fi bu gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/strong> konusunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar kapsam\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcredir ele al\u0131nm\u0131yordu”<\/em> diyor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, daha fazla \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n<\/strong> bir\u00e7ok t\u00fcr\u00fcn ayn\u0131 anda termal ni\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesine itilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na geldi\u011finden, \u00e7o\u011fu b\u00f6lgede t\u00fcrlerin birdenbire g\u00fcvenli olmayan s\u0131cakl\u0131klara maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> buldular. Bununla birlikte, bu t\u00fcrlerin termal ni\u015fleri i\u00e7inde konforlu ko\u015fullara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fleri kademeli<\/strong> olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilecek ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn gerisinde<\/strong> kalacak. Do\u011frusu, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risk bar\u0131nd\u0131ran limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 etkisi<\/strong>nin, s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n 2\u00b0C\u2019nin<\/strong> \u00fczerinde seyredece\u011fi ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 60 y\u0131l s\u00fcrecek<\/strong> a\u015f\u0131ma k\u0131yasla yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 kat<\/strong> daha uzun s\u00fcrece\u011fi tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Bu risklerden en olumsuz etkilenecek yerler aras\u0131nda tropik b\u00f6lgeler yer al\u0131yor. Hint-Pasifik, Orta Hint Okyanusu, Sahra Alt\u0131 Afrika\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyi<\/strong> ve Kuzey Avustralya<\/strong>‘daki t\u00fcrlerin %90<\/strong>‘\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n termal ni\u015flerin<\/strong> d\u0131\u015f\u0131na itilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra d\u00fcnyan\u0131n t\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en zengin b\u00f6lgeleri aras\u0131nda yer alan Amazonlarda<\/strong>, t\u00fcrlerin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n tehlikeli iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na<\/strong> maruz kalabilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131nda incelenen, Amazonlar\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu toplam alanlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %19<\/strong>‘u i\u00e7in, limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n etkilerine<\/strong> maruz kalan t\u00fcrlerin, a\u015f\u0131m \u00f6ncesi seviyesine geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp d\u00f6nemeyece\u011fi belirsizli\u011fini koruyor. Bu alanlardan %8<\/strong>‘inin ise limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6ncesi seviyelerine<\/strong> hi\u00e7bir zaman ula\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. Bu durum, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n 2\u00b0C<\/strong> \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f trendinin tersine \u00e7evrilmesi durumunda dahi, t\u00fcrlerin yok olu\u015fu<\/strong> ve ekosistemlerdeki radikal de\u011fi\u015fimler<\/strong> nedeniyle, do\u011fada geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olmayan<\/strong> etkiler yarataca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n

Cape Town \u00dcniversitesi, Afrika \u0130klim ve Kalk\u0131nma Giri\u015fimi’nden (<\/strong>African Climate & Development Initiative<\/strong><\/em>, <\/strong>ACDI<\/strong><\/em>) Dr. Andreas Meyer<\/strong>, “Bu durum, ormanlar\u0131n otlaklara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi<\/strong> ve bunun sonucu olarak, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131<\/strong> engelleme<\/strong> kapasitemizin azalmas\u0131 ile birlikte \u00e7oklu ekolojik<\/strong> ve iklimsel sistemler<\/strong> \u00fczerinde zincirleme etkilere sahip olacak \u00f6nemli bir k\u00fcresel karbon yuta\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelebilir\u201d<\/em> diyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 senaryolar\u0131<\/strong> tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda zamansal perspektifin \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. “Nihai var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131”<\/strong> anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece, \u201cyolculuk s\u00fcresince\u201d<\/strong> tehlikeli \u015fekilde y\u00fckselen s\u0131cakl\u0131klar genellikle g\u00f6z ard\u0131 ediliyor. Bu nedenle, son IPCC raporlar\u0131nda<\/strong> talep edilen h\u0131zl\u0131<\/strong> ve derin emisyon azalt\u0131mlar\u0131<\/strong> g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilebiliyor. Yazarlar ayn\u0131 zamanda karbonun atmosferden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> ekosistemler \u00fczerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuz etkilere dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma ya da biyoyak\u0131t \u00fcretimi<\/strong>, \u00e7ok fazla arazi<\/strong> ve su<\/strong> gerektiriyor ve iklim sisteminde 2’incil etkiler<\/strong> yaratabiliyor.<\/p>\n

Afrika \u0130klim ve Kalk\u0131nma Giri\u015fimi\u2019nden Dr. Joanne Bentley<\/strong>, \u201c\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerini azaltmak i\u00e7in sihirli de\u011fnek etkisi yaratacak bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak \u00f6nemli. Sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zla azaltmak<\/strong> zorunday\u0131z. A\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma gibi bir\u00e7ok karbon uzakla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong> ve do\u011fa temelli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin<\/strong> olumsuz etki yaratma potansiyeli de bulunuyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n 2\u00b0C hedefini<\/strong> a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumda, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik kayb\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> bedelini \u00f6deyerek, ge\u00e7im kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in zaruri olan ekosistem hizmetlerinden<\/strong> \u00f6d\u00fcn vermemiz gerekece\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. S\u0131cakl\u0131k limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> engellemek \u00f6nceli\u011fimiz olmal\u0131. Bunu, limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcresini<\/strong> ve \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fini s\u0131n\u0131rlamak<\/strong> hedefi izlemeli\u201d<\/em> diyor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. K\u00fcresel iklim eylemlerinin, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma hedefine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekli olan seviyenin gerisinde kalmas\u0131 sebebiyle, bir\u00e7ok senaryo karar vericiler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":158161,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[50341,23249,104324,1999,88369,104326,104322,104327,11614,104323,104325],"views":106,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/158159"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=158159"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/158159\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/158161"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=158159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=158159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=158159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}