{"id":157571,"date":"2022-06-16T22:25:15","date_gmt":"2022-06-16T19:25:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=157571"},"modified":"2022-06-16T23:08:17","modified_gmt":"2022-06-16T20:08:17","slug":"turkiye-2040-yilina-kadar-yaklasik-150-milyar-lik-tasarruf-saglayabilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/turkiye-2040-yilina-kadar-yaklasik-150-milyar-lik-tasarruf-saglayabilir\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) T\u00fcrkiye 2040 Y\u0131l\u0131na Kadar Yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 Milyar $\u2019l\u0131k Tasarruf Sa\u011flayabilir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 13.06.2022\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye \u00dclke \u0130klim ve Kalk\u0131nma Raporu\u2019na <\/em><\/strong>g\u00f6re, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerine kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve uyumu artt\u0131rmaya ve ekonomi genelinde karbondioksit ve di\u011fer sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik etkili ve uygun eylemleri uygulamas\u0131 halinde T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemde 146 milyar dolarl\u0131k tasarruf sa\u011flama potansiyeline sahip.<\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>‘n\u0131 Ekim 202<\/strong>1’de onaylam\u0131\u015f ve 2053 y\u0131l\u0131na<\/strong> kadar net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde<\/strong> bulunmu\u015ftur. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi sorunlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yak\u0131n zamanda ismi d\u00fczenlenen \u00c7evre, \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (\u00c7\u015eB)<\/strong> ve Ulusal \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Eylem Plan\u0131’<\/strong>n\u0131 gibi yeni kurumsal d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda sel, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131<\/strong> ve deniz kirlili\u011fi<\/strong> dahil olmak \u00fczere iklimle ilgili olaylar\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB)<\/strong> Ye\u015fil Anla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisine olas\u0131 etkileri, \u00fclkenin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi g\u00fcndeminin<\/strong> aciliyetine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur. Son zamanlarda, Ukrayna’daki sava\u015f<\/strong> ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 enerji arz kesintileri<\/strong> ve \"\"fiyat art\u0131\u015flar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye gibi fosil yak\u0131t ithalat\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in riskleri vurgulayarak, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/strong> ve sat\u0131n al\u0131nabilirli\u011fi desteklemek<\/strong> i\u00e7in iklim eyleminin aciliyetinin<\/strong> alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin co\u011frafi, iklimsel<\/strong> ve sosyoekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkileri<\/strong> ve di\u011fer \u00e7evresel tehlikelere<\/strong> kar\u015f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a k\u0131r\u0131lgan hale getirmekte ve uyum<\/strong> ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> \u00f6nemli \u00f6ncelikler olarak \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilen iklim k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011fa sahiptir. \u00dclkenin ula\u015ft\u0131rma sistemi benzer \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re daha k\u0131r\u0131lgan durumdad\u0131r ve \u00fclkede g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sorunlar\u0131, su stresinde art\u0131\u015f<\/strong> ve 2021 orman yang\u0131n\u0131 sezonu<\/strong> gibi benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f afet olaylar\u0131<\/strong> ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. Bu k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k; iklim fakt\u00f6rleri<\/strong>, n\u00fcfusun maruziyet durumu (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ta\u015fk\u0131n ve orman yang\u0131n\u0131 tehlikelerine maruz kalan n\u00fcfus pay\u0131) ve sosyoekonomik fakt\u00f6rler (\u00f6rne\u011fin tar\u0131m\u0131n ekonomideki pay\u0131) gibi etkenlerin bir bile\u015fiminden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f<\/strong> ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131ndan daha yava\u015f olmas\u0131na ve ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen emisyon seviyesi Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Kalk\u0131nma Te\u015fkilat\u0131 (OECD)<\/strong> veya AB \u00fclkelerinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, T\u00fcrkiye’de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir azalt\u0131m g\u00fcndeminin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir gerek\u00e7e mevcuttur. Elektrik, ula\u015f\u0131m, in\u015faat<\/strong> ve sanayi sekt\u00f6rlerini<\/strong> de i\u00e7eren enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, \u00fclkenin sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131na en b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 yapan sekt\u00f6rd\u00fcr ve toplam emisyonlar\u0131n d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Yenilenebilir Enerji’nin (YE)<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye’nin elektrik sistemine<\/em> b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde dahil olmas\u0131n\u0131n ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck motorizasyon<\/strong> oranlar\u0131n\u0131n da katk\u0131s\u0131yla, T\u00fcrkiye’nin elektrik, ula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong> ve tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6rleri<\/strong>nin karbon yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/strong> AB ortalamas\u0131ndan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte, k\u00f6m\u00fcre olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeydedir ve mevcut yat\u0131r\u0131m planlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda daha da yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 beklenmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, bina sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn<\/strong> (konut ve konut d\u0131\u015f\u0131) enerji verimlili\u011fi<\/strong> de AB ortalamas\u0131ndan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u0130malat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn karbon yo\u011funlu\u011fu<\/strong> AB ortalamas\u0131ndan daha fazlad\u0131r ve AB’nin S\u0131n\u0131rda Karbon D\u00fczenleme Mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 (CBAM)<\/strong> uygulamaya koymas\u0131 durumunda bu durum T\u00fcrkiye’yi risklere maruz<\/strong> b\u0131rakacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rapor, iklim eyleminin<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye’nin b\u00fcy\u00fcme<\/strong> ve kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcrecini<\/strong> nas\u0131l etkileyece\u011fini ve \u00fclkenin kalk\u0131nma hedeflerine ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na nas\u0131l katk\u0131da bulunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131; ye\u015fil teknolojilerin<\/strong> ve sekt\u00f6rlerin sundu\u011fu f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 yakalamas\u0131na nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131; d\u00fcnyan\u0131n sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> bir d\u00f6nemde ekonomiyi karbon kilitlenmesi<\/strong> gibi uzun vadeli risklerden<\/strong> veya b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli afetlerden<\/strong> nas\u0131l koruyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve adil<\/strong> ve kapsay\u0131c\u0131 bir ge\u00e7i\u015fi<\/strong> nas\u0131l destekleyece\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dayan\u0131kl\u0131 Net S\u0131f\u0131r Yolu<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Dayan\u0131kl\u0131<\/strong> ve net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyonlu kalk\u0131nma<\/strong> yolu (RNZP), T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kalk\u0131nma ve iklim ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir, ancak bu mevcut e\u011filimlerden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uzakla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6nemli politika reformlar\u0131 yapmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye’nin kalk\u0131nma<\/strong> ve iklim hedeflerini<\/strong> uyumla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in takip edilebilecek \u00e7e\u015fitli muhtemel yollar mevcut olmakla birlikte, T\u00fcrkiye CCDR raporu<\/strong> uyum ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k eylemlerini 2053 net s\u0131f\u0131r taahh\u00fcd\u00fc<\/strong> ile birle\u015ftiren a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131c\u0131 bir RNZP sunmaktad\u0131r. RNZP iki temel ilkeye dayanmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve uyumu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek, t\u00fcm ekonomi genelinde uygulanacak bir stratejiyi ve destekleyici bir sosyoekonomik ortam\u0131 gerektirmektedir. RNZP, bilgi, teknoloji<\/strong> ve finansmana eri\u015fim<\/strong> sa\u011flayarak \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde uyumun desteklenmesine \u00f6ncelik vermektedir. Kritik kamu varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n, hizmetlerinin ve tar\u0131m sistemlerinin dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, arazi kullan\u0131m planlar\u0131n\u0131, su kaynaklar\u0131 y\u00f6netimini ve finansal dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (sigorta ve uyuma d\u00f6n\u00fck sosyal koruma ile iklim ve afet risklerinin makroekonomik ve mali politikalara entegrasyonu dahil olmak \u00fczere) art\u0131rmaya<\/em> y\u00f6nelik eylemler i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\n

– T\u00fcrkiye, 2053 net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon hedefine<\/strong> ula\u015fabilir, ancak bu bir\u00e7ok ekonomik sekt\u00f6rde b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklikler gerektirecektir. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn derin bir \u015fekilde karbonsuzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131; binalarda enerji verimlili\u011fi<\/strong> ve elektrifikasyon \u00f6nlemlerinin<\/strong> bir bile\u015fimini; ula\u015ft\u0131rmada mod de\u011fi\u015fimi, enerji verimlili\u011fi<\/strong> ve elektrifikasyon \u00f6nlemlerini<\/strong>; orman alanlar\u0131ndan karbon tutulumunu en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in mevcut uygulamalarda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ekonominin geri kalan\u0131nda (sanayi tesisleri, tar\u0131m, at\u0131k y\u00f6netimi ve su y\u00f6netimi) emisyon azaltma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erecektir.<\/p>\n

Net S\u0131f\u0131rdan Elde Edilecek Net Kazan\u0131mlar<\/strong><\/h3>\n

RNZP<\/strong>, kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 iklimle ilgili hedeflerle uyumla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n<\/strong> uygulanabilirlik durumunu ve genel faydalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. T\u00fcrkiye t\u00fcketti\u011fi do\u011fal gaz\u0131n % 99<\/strong>‘unu ve petrol\u00fcn % 93<\/strong>‘\u00fcn\u00fc ithal etti\u011finden dolay\u0131, enerji verimlili\u011fi<\/strong> ve yenilenebilir enerji, enerji ithalat\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> ve harcamalar\u0131n\u0131, hava kirlili\u011fini<\/strong> ve k\u00fcresel enerji piyasalar\u0131ndaki<\/strong> aksakl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar\u0131 azaltarak b\u00fcy\u00fck faydalar sa\u011flayabilir. T\u00fcm maliyetler ve yan faydalar hesaba kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, RNZP<\/strong>‘nin 2022\u201330 d\u00f6nemindeki<\/strong> net ekonomik etkisi pozitiftir ve daha uzun zaman dilimlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde bu etki daha da artmaktad\u0131r: RNZP, 2022\u201330’da net 15 milyar dolar<\/strong> ve 2022\u201340 d\u00f6neminde 146 milyar dolar<\/strong> kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r; bunda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalan yak\u0131t ithalat\u0131<\/strong> ve hava kirlili\u011finin azalmas\u0131yla<\/strong> sa\u011flanan sa\u011fl\u0131k faydalar\u0131 rol oynamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin iklim taahh\u00fctlerinin<\/strong> yerine getirilmesi net ekonomik kazan\u0131mlar sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r, ancak bunun i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck kamu<\/strong> ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131<\/strong> gerekecektir. T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu yat\u0131r\u0131mlar y\u00f6netilebilir durumdad\u0131r. Baz senaryo ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye’nin dayan\u0131kl\u0131 net s\u0131f\u0131r<\/strong> yolunda ilerlemek i\u00e7in 2022\u201330 d\u00f6neminde<\/strong> (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc de\u011fer baz\u0131nda) ilave 68 milyar ABD$ daha yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmas\u0131 gerekecektir. 2022-40 d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in bu yat\u0131r\u0131m miktar\u0131 165 milyar dolar<\/strong>‘a \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu miktar, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in \u00fclkenin GSYH<\/strong>\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k % 1<\/strong>\u2019ine tekab\u00fcl etmektedir ve cari a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, ticaret dengesini<\/strong> ve kamu borcunu<\/strong> \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilemeyecektir. Makroekonomik sim\u00fclasyonlar<\/strong>, bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn GSY\u0130H<\/strong>‘ya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir destek (2030 itibariyle yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 1’lik bir art\u0131\u015f) ve istihdamda net kazan\u0131m<\/strong> sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bununla birlikte, bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, istikrarl\u0131 bir makroekonomik durum<\/strong> ve \u00f6zel yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ekmek<\/strong> ve maliyetleri en aza indirmek<\/strong> i\u00e7in iyi bir f\u0131rsatt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/handle\/10986\/37521<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Kaan Murat \u00c7EL\u0130K\u00c7AN \u2013 Enerji Sistemleri M\u00fchendisi \u2013\u00a0kmcelikcan@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 13.06.2022\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye \u00dclke \u0130klim ve Kalk\u0131nma Raporu\u2019na g\u00f6re, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerine kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve uyumu artt\u0131rmaya ve ekonomi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":157576,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,52],"tags":[97265,488,6966,104046,1999,54280,104044,77,2533,20154,104045,846,64033],"views":147,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157571"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=157571"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157571\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/157576"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=157571"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=157571"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=157571"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/tr\/news\/press-release\/2022\/06\/13\/climate-action-could-provide-nearly-150-billion-in-savings-for-turkiye-by-2040-says-pioneering-world-bank-study<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n