{"id":150760,"date":"2022-02-12T16:07:09","date_gmt":"2022-02-12T13:07:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=150760"},"modified":"2022-02-12T16:13:51","modified_gmt":"2022-02-12T13:13:51","slug":"yenilenebilir-enerji-evrensel-kamu-yarari-tasiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/yenilenebilir-enerji-evrensel-kamu-yarari-tasiyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Yenilenebilir Enerji ‘Evrensel Kamu Yarar\u0131’ Ta\u015f\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizde ilgili kamu otoritesinin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlarla yenilenebilir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verilebilmektedir. Fosil yak\u0131tlardan elektrik \u00fcretiminde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan karbon sal\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin iklim krizine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve etkilerinin giderek artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde t\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yarar\u0131na olacak \u015fekilde \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fini azaltan, karbon sal\u0131m\u0131 olmayan yada \u00e7ok az olan, \u00fclkeleri enerjide ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131ran yenilenebilir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik yeni bir kamu yarar\u0131 kavram\u0131 olan EVRENSEL KAMU YARARI tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymak ve tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7mak istedik. Bu kavrama ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ba\u015fl\u0131klardan ve uluslararas\u0131 antla\u015fmalardan faydaland\u0131k.<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00c7EVRE<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Topraklar\u0131m\u0131zda \u00e7evre ile ilgili yasal d\u00fczenlemeler \u00e7ok eskilere dayan\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin 1258 tarihli Arazi Kanunnamesi<\/strong> toprak kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmlere yer verilmi\u015ftir. 1870 tarihli Orman Nizamnamesi<\/strong> ormanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131, i\u015fletilmesi ve orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ile ilgili d\u00fczenlemeler i\u00e7ermektedir. Mecelle \u2019de av hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve avc\u0131l\u0131k ile ilgili bir\u00e7ok temel d\u00fczenleme yer almaktad\u0131r. 1930 tarihli Umumi H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha Kanunu ve 1937 tarihli Orman Kanunu\u2019nda da \u00e7evre ile ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Anayasam\u0131z\u0131n\u00a056. Maddesinde \u201cHerkes, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama hakk\u0131na sahiptir<\/strong>. \u00c7evreyi geli\u015ftirmek, \u00e7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve \u00e7evre kirlenmesini \u00f6nlemek Devletin ve vatanda\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6devidir.\u201d H\u00fckm\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r. 11.08.1983<\/strong> y\u0131l\u0131 18132 say\u0131l\u0131<\/strong> resmi gazetede yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren \u00c7evre Kanunu<\/strong>\u2019muzda da \u00e7evre kavram\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re “\u00c7evre”:<\/strong> \u201cCanl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131 boyunca ili\u015fkilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak\u00a0etkile\u015fim i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 biyolojik, fiziksel, sosyal, ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ortam\u0131,\u201d ifade etmektedir.<\/p>\n

YEN\u0130LENEB\u0130L\u0130R ENERJ\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Elektrik Piyasas\u0131 Lisans Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi<\/strong>\u2019mizde, Yenilenebilir Enerji kaynaklar\u0131na dayal\u0131 \u00fcretim tesisleri; \u201cR\u00fczg\u00e2r, g\u00fcne\u015f, jeotermal, biok\u00fctle, biyok\u00fctleden<\/strong> elde edilen gaz (\u00e7\u00f6p gaz\u0131 d\u00e2hil)<\/strong>, dalga, ak\u0131nt\u0131 enerjisi<\/strong> ve gel-git<\/strong> ile kanal<\/strong> veya nehir tipi<\/strong> veya rezervuar<\/strong> alan\u0131 15 kilometrekare’<\/strong>nin alt\u0131nda olan veya pompaj depolamal\u0131 hidroelektrik \u00fcretim tesisleri<\/strong>\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve her \u00fclke kendi yenilenebilir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131ndan elektrik \u00fcretimini art\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ancak her \u00fclkede ayn\u0131 oranda bu kaynaklardan elektrik \u00fcretimi s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde jeotermal \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmaktayken baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde hidro, r\u00fczg\u00e2r veya g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisinden daha fazla elektrik \u00fcretilmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130zlanda\u2019n\u0131n jeotermal elektrik \u00fcretimi veya Norve\u00e7\u2019te hidroelektrik \u00fcretimi jeolojik nedenlerden dolay\u0131 daha fazlad\u0131r. Almanya hem r\u00fczg\u00e2r hem de g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisinden faydalanmaktad\u0131r. \u00dclkemiz her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yenilenebilir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131ndan t\u00fcketti\u011finden 2 kat fazla<\/strong> elektrik \u00fcretme potansiyeli bulunmakta olup sadece dalga enerjisi kullan\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AVRUPA B\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin kurulu\u015f d\u00f6neminde \u00e7evre ile ilgili bir politika olu\u015fturulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kurulu\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 olan Roma Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda da bu konuda \u00a0bir h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmamaktad\u0131r. 1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda Stockholm Konferans\u0131\u2019ndan sonra \u00e7evreye yer verilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong> ve AB \u00e7evre politikalar\u0131n\u0131n temelini Birinci ve \u0130kinci \u00c7evre Eylem Programlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. \u00c7evre sorunlar\u0131 ilk kez 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir ba\u015fl\u0131k olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Maastricht Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile AB \u00e7evre politikalar\u0131na \u201cS\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik\u201d kavram\u0131 girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

B\u0130RLE\u015eM\u0130\u015e M\u0130LLETLER \u0130KL\u0130M DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130KL\u0130\u011e\u0130 \u00c7ER\u00c7EVE S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMES\u0130 (BM\u0130D\u00c7S)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile ilgili yap\u0131lan ilk uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, 1992 Rio Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u00c7evre ve Kalk\u0131nma Konferans\u0131\u2019nda<\/strong> imzaya a\u00e7\u0131lan ve 21 Mart 1994 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019dir. 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ne (BM\u0130D\u00c7S) h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda 197 \u00fclke taraft\u0131r. \u00dclkemiz, \u2019ye 21.10.2003 tarihli ve 25266 say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan 16.10.2003 tarihli, 4990 say\u0131l\u0131 kanun<\/strong> ile uygun bulma suretiyle 24 May\u0131s 2004\u2019te 189. Taraf olarak kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fme kapsam\u0131nda geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler ve Ek-I\u2019de yer alan di\u011fer taraflar sera gaz\u0131 emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131 yapmakla; geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler ve Ek-II\u2019de yer alan di\u011fer taraflar da di\u011fer \u00fclkelere mali destek sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. S\u00f6zle\u015fme y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi esnada T\u00fcrkiye her iki ekte de yer alm\u0131\u015f olup, 2001\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen 7. Taraflar Konferans\u0131\u2019nda al\u0131nan 26\/CP.7 say\u0131l\u0131 Kararla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ad\u0131 BM\u0130D\u00c7S\u2019nin EK-II listesinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f fakat \u00f6zel \u015fartlar\u0131 kabul edilerek EK-I listesinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KYOTO PROTOKOL\u00dc<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\"\"Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7er\u00e7eve S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (BM\u0130D\u00c7S), \u00a0iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile m\u00fccadelede ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck bir ad\u0131m te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir.<\/strong> Bununla birlikte, sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte artmaya devam etmesi ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin olumsuz etkilerinin giderek daha fazla hissedilir hale gelmesi \u00fczerine, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler \u00fcstlenmesi i\u00e7in BM\u0130D\u00c7S\u2019ye taraf \u00fclkeler mevcut s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin niteli\u011fini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla Kyoto Protokol\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc<\/strong> m\u00fczakere etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

OSLO \u0130LKELER\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda hukuk uzmanlar\u0131 devletlerin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile ilgili yasal y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri tart\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in toplanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Uzmanlar, d\u00fcnyadaki t\u00fcm ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 mahkemelerin, \u00fcniversitelerin ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin mensuplar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu toplant\u0131 sonucu Oslo \u0130lkeleri benimsenmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile ilgili devletlerin y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerindeki belirsizliklerin netle\u015ftirilmesine \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

PAR\u0130S ANLA\u015eMASI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda<\/strong> Paris\u2019te d\u00fczenlenen BM\u0130D\u00c7S 21.<\/strong> Taraflar Konferans\u0131\u2019nda kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Anla\u015fma, 5 Ekim 2016 itibariyle, k\u00fcresel sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n %55\u2019ini<\/strong> olu\u015fturan en az 55 taraf\u0131n<\/strong> anla\u015fmay\u0131 onaylama ko\u015fulunun kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 sonucunda, 4 Kas\u0131m 2016 itibariyle y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Anla\u015fman\u0131n uzun d\u00f6nemli hedefi, k\u00fcresel ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sanayile\u015fme \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6neme g\u00f6re 2\u00b0C alt\u0131nda tutulmas\u0131; ilave olarak ise bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n 1,5\u00b0C\u2019nin alt\u0131nda tutulmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik k\u00fcresel \u00e7abalar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi olarak ifade edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, BM\u0130D\u00c7S ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en belirgin \u00f6zelli\u011fi, t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin katk\u0131lar\u0131na dayanacak bir sistem \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Anla\u015fma, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadelede geli\u015fmi\u015f\/geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131na ve t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin \u201cortak fakat farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sorumluluklar ve g\u00f6receli kabiliyetler\u201d ilkesi taht\u0131nda sorumluluk \u00fcstlenmesi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Geli\u015fmi\u015f\/geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in bir k\u0131stas belirlenmemi\u015f; herhangi bir farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaya da gidilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

B\u0130RLE\u015eM\u0130\u015e M\u0130LLETLER S\u00dcRD\u00dcR\u00dcLEB\u0130L\u0130R KALKINMA AMA\u00c7LARI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma Ama\u00e7lar\u0131, Ocak 2016\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in kalk\u0131nma ajans\u0131 olan UNDP, 170\u2019ten fazla \u00fclke ve b\u00f6lgede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma Ama\u00e7lar\u0131 (SKA), di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle K\u00fcresel Ama\u00e7lar, yoksullu\u011fu ortadan kald\u0131rmak, gezegenimizi korumak ve t\u00fcm insanlar\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f ve refah i\u00e7inde ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in evrensel eylem \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

AVRUPA YE\u015e\u0130L MUTABAKATI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Avrupa Ye\u015fil Mutabakat\u0131; 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar AB\u2019yi net sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ekonomik \"\"b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 modern, kaynak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan verimli ve rekabet\u00e7i bir ekonomiye sahip adil ve m\u00fcreffeh bir topluma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeyi ama\u00e7layan yeni bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme stratejisidir.<\/p>\n

Mutabakat\u0131n 2.1.2. maddesi \u201cTemiz ,Uygun Maliyetli ve G\u00fcvenli Enerji Sa\u011flamak\u201d t\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu maddede 2030 ve 2050 iklim hedeflerine ula\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in enerji sisteminin karbondan daha fazla ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 kritik bir \u00f6neme sahip oldu\u011fu belirtilerek; \u201cTemiz enerji ge\u00e7i\u015fi, t\u00fcketicileri s\u00fcrece dahil etmeli ve onlara fayda sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir rol\u00fc olacakt\u0131r. Yenilenebilir enerjilerin, enerji verimlili\u011finin ve di\u011fer s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin sekt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda ak\u0131ll\u0131 ve kuvvetli bir \u015fekilde entegre edilmesi karbonsuzla\u015fmaya minimum maliyetlerle ula\u015fmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.\u201d ifadeleri kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130KL\u0130M KR\u0130Z\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

K\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn daha net ifadesiyle iklim krizinin en \u00f6nemli nedenleri; fosil yak\u0131t kullan\u0131m\u0131, ormans\u0131zla\u015fma, \u00e7arp\u0131k ve plans\u0131z kentle\u015fme olarak s\u0131ralayabiliriz. Havadaki karbondioksit oran\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 sonucu ya\u015fanan bu kriz bir\u00e7ok olumsuzlu\u011fu insanl\u0131\u011fa ya\u015fatmaya devam etmektedir. Kurakl\u0131k, seller, \u015fiddetli hava olaylar\u0131 daha s\u0131k ya\u015fanmakta. Okyanus ve deniz seviyelerinde y\u00fckselme, buzullar\u0131n erimesi ve daha bir\u00e7ok etken hayvanlar ve ekosistemlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra t\u00fcm insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in de ciddi risk ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130KL\u0130M DAVALARI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Son y\u0131llarda bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile ilgili davalar a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. ABD\u2019de alt\u0131 y\u00fcz elli d\u00f6rt (654) ve di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerde iki y\u00fcz otuz (230\u2019dan fazla iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. \"\"Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri\u2019nde temiz \u00e7evrede ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 ile ilgili ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulunmamakla birlikte devletler kendi mevzuatlar\u0131nda bu yarg\u0131y\u0131 s\u0131k\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Kutba Yak\u0131n Eskimolar Meclisi (Inuit Circumpolar Conference) Ba\u015fkan\u0131, 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00a0Amerika\u2019n\u0131n \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Komisyonu\u2019na k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerinden kaynaklanan insan haklar\u0131 ihlalleri konusunda yard\u0131m talebinde bulunan bir dilek\u00e7e sunmu\u015ftur. Dilek\u00e7e, ABD\u2019nin o zamanki en b\u00fcy\u00fck sera gaz\u0131 emisyonu vericisinin, o s\u0131rada yeterli sera gaz\u0131 kontrollerini b\u0131rakmamak suretiyle Eskimolar\u2019\u0131n insan haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etti\u011fini iddia etmi\u015ftir (Watt-Cloutier, 2005). Komisyon bir karar vermemi\u015f olsa da, dilek\u00e7e, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n Eskimolar \u00fczerindeki ciddi etkilerine dikkat \u00e7ekmeyi ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin insan haklar\u0131 etkileri hakk\u0131nda daha fazla tart\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flatmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Osofsky, 2007). Ba\u015fka bir davada ise sera gazlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine olumsuz katk\u0131s\u0131, mahkemenin belirtti\u011fi ifadeler aras\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

KAMU YARARI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u201cKamu yarar\u0131\u201d kavram\u0131 mevzuat\u0131m\u0131zda bir\u00e7ok yerde ge\u00e7mektedir.\u00a0<\/strong>1789 Frans\u0131z Devriminden sonra Frans\u0131z kamu hukukuna yerle\u015fen ve daha sonra \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f kamu hukuku taraf\u0131ndan benimsenen bu ilkeye g\u00f6re \u201cyasa, kamu yarar\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d Yasama organ\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan usul\u00fcne uygun olarak yap\u0131lan her yasa hem kamu yarar\u0131na uygundur, hem kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n kendisidir. Anayasam\u0131zda \u201cKamu Yarar\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmakta olup alt ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131; K\u0131y\u0131lardan Yararlanma, Toprak M\u00fclkiyeti, Tar\u0131m, Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve Bu \u00dcretim Dallar\u0131nda \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131, Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma ve son olarak Devletle\u015ftirme ve \u00d6zelle\u015ftirme\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

\u00dcST\u00dcN KAMU YARARI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00dcst\u00fcn kamu yarar\u0131 kavram\u0131 ise birden fazla (genellikle iki) kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu \"\"oldu\u011fu\u00a0durumlarda karar vericiler i\u00e7in belirleyici olmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla do\u011fmu\u015f bir kavramd\u0131r. \u00dcst\u00fcn kamu yarar\u0131 kavram\u0131 mevzuat\u0131m\u0131zda bulunmamaktad\u0131r. \u00dcst\u00fcn kamu yarar\u0131nda, iki kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n birbiriyle yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda daha geni\u015f kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131n anlam\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Dan\u0131\u015ftay bir karar\u0131nda; \u201c\u0130mar planlar\u0131n\u0131n yarg\u0131sal denetimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015fehircilik ilkeleri, planlama esaslar\u0131 ve kamu yarar\u0131 kriterleri ile birlikte \u00f6zelli\u011fi itibariyle imar plan\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, genel yap\u0131s\u0131, kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan\u0131n nitelikleri ve \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131 gibi olgular\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u201c\u00fcst\u00fcn kamu yarar\u0131\u201d ilkesinin de g\u00f6zetilmesi zorunludur.\u201d \u0130fadelerini kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasa Mahkemesi 23.12.2005 tarih E. 2004\/68, K. 2005\/104 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Telekom karar\u0131nda milli yarar kavram\u0131ndan bahsetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

EVRENSEL KAMU YARARI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u201cEvrensel\u201d<\/strong> kavram\u0131; evrenle ilgili, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilgilendiren, alem\u015f\u00fcmul, cihan\u015f\u00fcmul, kozmik, \u00fcniversal olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fumuz nokta \u201cYenilenebilir enerjinin b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilgilendiren\u201d k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00fczerine bir\u00e7ok bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve yap\u0131lmaya devam etmektedir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar neticesinde \u00fclkeler kendi politikalar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemi\u015f ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi m\u00fccadelesi noktas\u0131nda kararlar al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kararlar\u0131n uygulanma noktas\u0131nda ise sorunlar ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f ve t\u00fcm gezegeni ilgilendiren bu m\u00fccadelede yeterince yol al\u0131namam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gelinen noktada ise art\u0131k iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u2018\u2019KR\u0130Z\u2019\u2019 boyutuna ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Enerji Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7evre Hukuku Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Av. Arsin DEM\u0130R<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/ms.hmb.gov.tr\/uploads\/2019\/09\/O.-SARAC-2.pdf<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/download\/article-file\/95914<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.wwf.org.tr\/<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. \u00dclkemizde ilgili kamu otoritesinin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlarla yenilenebilir enerji yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verilebilmektedir. Fosil yak\u0131tlardan elektrik \u00fcretiminde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan karbon sal\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":150810,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,52],"tags":[79613,2050,1999,53412,842,105],"views":226,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150760"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=150760"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150760\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/150810"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=150760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=150760"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=150760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}