{"id":150605,"date":"2022-02-08T16:40:23","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T13:40:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=150605"},"modified":"2022-02-08T16:40:23","modified_gmt":"2022-02-08T13:40:23","slug":"plastik-cop-krizi-ni-cozmek-icin-son-sans-kapimizda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/plastik-cop-krizi-ni-cozmek-icin-son-sans-kapimizda\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Plastik \u00c7\u00f6p Krizi’ni \u00c7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in Son \u015eans Kap\u0131m\u0131zda!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Plastik kirlili\u011fi katlanarak artan bir h\u0131zla d\u00fcnya genelinde t\u00fcm denizlere yay\u0131ld\u0131. Kutuplardan en \u00fccra adalara, deniz y\u00fczeyinden en derin okyanus \u00e7ukuruna kadar plastik kirlili\u011fi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. Her y\u0131l 19 – 23 milyon ton aras\u0131nda plastik at\u0131\u011f\u0131n denizlerimize kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. Bu at\u0131klar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde denizel kirlili\u011finin % 60’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan tek kullan\u0131ml\u0131k plastiklerden kaynaklan\u0131yor.<\/h2>\n

Denizlerdeki mikroplastik kirlili\u011finin yarataca\u011f\u0131 ekolojik risklerin 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna kadar daha da ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artmas\u0131 bekleniyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Gr\u00f6nland\u2019\u0131n iki kat\u0131ndan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alanda kirlilik e\u015fiklerinin a\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Plastik \u00fcretiminin 2040 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar iki kattan fazla<\/strong>, denizlerdeki plastik kirlili\u011finin ise \u00fc\u00e7 kat artmas\u0131 bekleniyor. Bu durum 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar denizlere kar\u0131\u015fan makroplastik miktar\u0131nda d\u00f6rt kat; 2100 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar mikroplastiklerde 50 kat art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Plastik Kirlili\u011finde E\u015fik De\u011fer A\u015f\u0131ld\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Alfred Wegener Kutup ve Deniz Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan WWF (D\u00fcnya Do\u011fay\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131) i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan \u201cDenizlerdeki Plastik Kirlili\u011finin Denizel T\u00fcrler, Biyolojik \u00c7e\u015fitlilik ve Ekosistemler \u00dczerindeki Etkileri\u201d<\/a> <\/strong>raporu, mikroplastik kirlili\u011finin yarataca\u011f\u0131 ekolojik riskleri ortaya koyuyor. Rapora g\u00f6re Akdeniz, Do\u011fu \u00c7in Denizi<\/strong> ve Sar\u0131 Deniz’in<\/strong> de aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu kritik \u00f6nemdeki bir\u00e7ok denizde, plastik kirlili\u011fi<\/strong> canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131 i\u00e7in tehlikeli olabilecek e\u015fik de\u011ferleri a\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. Rapor, mikroplastik kirlili\u011finin ekolojik olarak tehlike e\u015fiklerini a\u015farak t\u00fcrler<\/strong> ve ekosistemler<\/strong> \u00fczerinde pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n azalmas\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere olumsuz etkilere yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Raporun yazarlar\u0131ndan Alfred Wegener<\/strong> Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Helmholtz Kutup ve Deniz Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi mensubu bilim insan\u0131 Mine Tekman<\/strong>; “Bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar her boyutta plasti\u011fin canl\u0131lar\u0131n v\u00fccutlar\u0131na girdi\u011fini ve bunun olumsuz etkileri oldu\u011funu do\u011fruluyor. \u00d6zellikle Akdeniz, d\u00fcnyada en fazla kirletilen denizler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar tehlike alt\u0131ndaki Akdeniz foku, orkinos, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, isperme\u00e7et balinas\u0131 <\/strong>ve pamuk bal\u0131klar\u0131na<\/strong> ev sahipli\u011fi yapan Akdeniz\u2019de bu t\u00fcrlerin plastik yuttuklar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. \u00a0Ege Denizi’ndeki isperme\u00e7et balinalar\u0131n\u0131n %60<\/strong>‘\u0131n\u0131n plastik yuttu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Art\u0131k t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, ki\u015fisel t\u00fcketim tercihlerini sorgulamas\u0131 gerekiyor. \u0130klim krizini y\u00f6netmekte<\/strong> ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z kald\u0131k, plastik \u00e7\u00f6p krizini \u00e7\u00f6zmek<\/strong> i\u00e7in hala \u015fans\u0131m\u0131z var ve bu konuda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olma l\u00fcks\u00fcm\u00fcz yok.”<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn art\u0131k denizlerde ya\u015fayan neredeyse t\u00fcm canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinde plastik kirlili\u011finin etkileri tespit edilirken, plastik kirlili\u011fi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli denizel ekosistemlerinden mercan resifleri ve mangrovlar i\u00e7in de ciddi tehdit olu\u015fturuyor. Plastik kirlili\u011finin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuzluklar, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanma, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma, \u00f6trofikasyon gibi di\u011fer risklerle bir araya geldi\u011finde daha da \u015fiddetleniyor. Bu durum h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda plastik kirlili\u011fi tehdidi<\/strong> alt\u0131nda olan b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan Akdeniz foku<\/strong> ve isperme\u00e7et<\/strong> balinalar\u0131<\/strong> gibi t\u00fcrlerin pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit edecek ek bir tehdit olu\u015fturuyor. Plasti\u011fin kal\u0131c\u0131 bir yap\u0131ya sahip olmas\u0131 nedeniyle plastik \u00fcretimimizi<\/strong> ve kullan\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 durdurmazsak, denizel besin zincirindeki mikroplastik<\/strong> ve nanoplastik<\/strong> birikiminin tehlikeli seviyelere ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

WWF\u2019ten K\u00fcresel S\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 <\/strong><\/h3>\n

Deniz ya\u015fam\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bu yayg\u0131n ve giderek artan tehdit, d\u00fcnya liderlerinin, \u015eubat sonunda d\u00fczenlenecek BM \u00c7evre Asamblesi<\/strong>\u2019nde (UNEA-5)<\/strong> denizlerdeki plastik kirlili\u011fini durduracak, k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte yeni bir BM S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/strong>\u2019ni kabul etmesi ile \u00f6nlenebilir. Uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde ve yasal ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme i\u00e7in bask\u0131lar art\u0131yor. D\u00fcnya genelinde 2 milyondan fazla ki\u015fi WWF\u2019in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na imza atarken, 100’den<\/strong> fazla k\u00fcresel \u015firket, 700’den<\/strong> fazla sivil toplum kurulu\u015fu<\/strong> ve BM \u00fcyesi<\/strong> \u00fclkelerin 4<\/strong>‘te 3<\/strong>‘\u00fcnden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan, aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de bulundu\u011fu 156 \u00fclke<\/strong> de bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ya destek verdi.<\/p>\n

Raporun temel bulgular\u0131: <\/strong><\/h3>\n

– Bug\u00fcne kadar 2144 t\u00fcr\u00fcn<\/strong> do\u011fal ortamlar\u0131nda plastik kirlili\u011fine maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptand\u0131.<\/p>\n

– Besin zincirinin en tepesindeki y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131lardan ba\u015flayarak planktonlara kadar her t\u00fcrl\u00fc deniz canl\u0131s\u0131 plastik yutuyor.<\/p>\n

– 97 t\u00fcrde<\/strong> g\u00f6zlemlenebilir etkiler incelendi; %88\u2019inin olumsuz etkilendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

– Deniz ku\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n %90<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n\u0131n ve deniz kaplumba\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n %52<\/strong>\u2019sinin plastik yuttuklar\u0131 tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

– Plastik kirlili\u011finin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi, denizel t\u00fcrler<\/strong> ve ekosistem<\/strong> \u00fczerindeki etkiler farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterebiliyor: Plastikler, canl\u0131lara dolan\u0131p hareketlerini k\u0131s\u0131tlayarak, yutularak, canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rt\u00fcp solunumlar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek ve \u00fczerlerindeki kimyasallar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnerek denizlere kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yoluyla biyolojik ya\u015fama zarar veriyor. Plastik \u00e7\u00f6pler deniz hayvanlar\u0131nda i\u00e7sel ve d\u0131\u015fsal yaralanmalara ve \u00f6l\u00fcme yol a\u00e7abiliyor ve canl\u0131lar\u0131n hareket kabiliyetini ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmelerini k\u0131s\u0131tlayabiliyor. Ayr\u0131ca organizmalar\u0131n besin almalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirebiliyor, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemlerini ve \u00fcreme kabiliyetlerini azaltabiliyor.<\/p>\n

– Plastik at\u0131klar di\u011fer ekolojik hizmetlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir\u00e7ok k\u0131y\u0131 toplulu\u011funa g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/strong> ve su ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131<\/strong> koruma sa\u011flayan mangrovlar\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131k k\u00f6k sistemlerinde s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p kal\u0131yor ve bitkilerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engelliyor.<\/p>\n

– Plastik kirlili\u011fi<\/strong>, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/strong> nedeniyle tehdit alt\u0131ndaki mercanlar i\u00e7in ek bir tehlike olu\u015fturuyor. Plastik at\u0131klar denizel biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik<\/strong> i\u00e7in e\u015fsiz de\u011fere sahip resiflere tak\u0131l\u0131 kalarak, mercanlar\u0131n bo\u011fulmas\u0131na, k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na<\/strong> ve a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na<\/strong> hatta bazen t\u00fcm resif sisteminin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne<\/strong> neden oluyor. Mercanlar mikroplastik taneciklerini sindirdiklerinde ortak ya\u015fam s\u00fcrd\u00fckleri algler \u00fczerinde de olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Plastik kirlili\u011fi katlanarak artan bir h\u0131zla d\u00fcnya genelinde t\u00fcm denizlere yay\u0131ld\u0131. Kutuplardan en \u00fccra adalara, deniz y\u00fczeyinden en derin okyanus \u00e7ukuruna kadar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":150608,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53],"tags":[100822,100823,2530,100820,52980,24900,100821,100819,37864,92367,1298],"views":116,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150605"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=150605"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/150605\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/150608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=150605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=150605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=150605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}