{"id":14759,"date":"2013-09-02T09:45:11","date_gmt":"2013-09-02T06:45:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=14759"},"modified":"2013-09-02T09:45:11","modified_gmt":"2013-09-02T06:45:11","slug":"ortadogu-yanarken-petrol-fiyati-neden-ziplamiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/ortadogu-yanarken-petrol-fiyati-neden-ziplamiyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Ortado\u011fu Yanarken Petrol Fiyat\u0131 Neden Z\u0131plam\u0131yor?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Ge\u00e7enlerde, BBC televizyonunda seyretti\u011fim bir program\u0131 yeniden hat\u0131rlad\u0131m. Tom Friedman\u2019\u0131n, Amerikan New York Times gazetesindeki son yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan birini okuyordum. Yaz\u0131daki soru, tam ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki soruydu: \u201cOrtado\u011fu yanarken petrol fiyatlar\u0131 neden z\u0131plam\u0131yordu?\u201d Eskiden olsa fiyatlar iki kat\u0131na y\u00fckselirdi. 100\u2019lerde dolanan fiyat 200\u2019e do\u011fru hareketlenirdi. Ama \u015fimdi kimse o kadar da rahats\u0131z de\u011fil.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131y\u0131 okurken, ben, o, y\u0131llar \u00f6nceki programda Zeki Yamani\u2019nin s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6zleri hat\u0131rlad\u0131m: \u201cTa\u015f devri etrafta ta\u015f kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in sona ermedi\u201d demi\u015fti deneyimli politikac\u0131, \u201cPetrol devri de etrafta petrol kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in sona ermeyecektir\u201d. Galiba bir devrin sonuna geldik. Petrol i\u015finde Churchill devrinin sonuna geldik. O nedenle de, petrol fiyatlar\u0131, Ortado\u011fu\u2019da artan politik istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa eskisi gibi tepki vermiyor. \u015eimdi bu nas\u0131l bir yeni d\u00f6nemdir? Bizim i\u00e7in iyi midir?<\/p>\n

Galiba petrol i\u015finde Churchill devrinin sonuna geldik. 1911\u2019e, Winston Churchill, \u0130ngiliz Donanma Bakan\u0131\u2019yd\u0131. Hemen i\u015fe koyuldu. \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun g\u00f6zbebe\u011fini modernle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. O vakit, \u0130ngiliz sava\u015f gemileri k\u00f6m\u00fcrle yol al\u0131yordu. Churchill, sava\u015f gemilerinin petrolle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine bir \u00f6neri getirdi. B\u00f6ylece gemiler daha az enerjiyle iki kat daha h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket edeceklerdi. Londra\u2019da bu rapora ilk tepki, \u201c\u0130ngiltere k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00fcretiyor, petrol de\u011fil\u201d bi\u00e7imindeydi.<\/p>\n

Petrolde d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ilk kez g\u00fcnde\"\"<\/a>me geliyordu. Churchill buna kar\u015f\u0131, bug\u00fcne kadar gelen doktrini ortaya koydu: \u201cDemek ki bundan b\u00f6yle petrol\u00fc ya biz \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131z ya da nas\u0131l \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edece\u011fiz.\u201d Bundan sonra, B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya, \u00f6nce British Petroleum (BP) \u015firketinin %51 hissesini kontrol etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Sonra i\u015fe \u0130ran\u2019dan ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Petrol \u00fcreten \u00fclkelerin siyasetine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 yeniden \u00e7izdiler. Bizim imparatorlu\u011fu b\u00f6yle da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Irak\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6ylece \u00e7izdiler. Ama \u015fimdi bak\u0131nca, sanki bir yeni d\u00f6neme giriyoruz. Art\u0131k Ortado\u011fu petrol\u00fcn\u00fc o kadar yak\u0131ndan kontrol etmek gerekmiyor. \u00c7in ve T\u00fcrkiye gibi arada kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in gerekiyor ama Amerika i\u00e7in o kadar da \u00e7ok gerekmiyor. Amerika, 1973\u2019te, petrol t\u00fcketiminin % 60\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131yd\u0131. \u015eimdi bu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 36\u2019ya indi. Bizim i\u00e7in de\u011fil ama onlar i\u00e7in d\u00fcnya de\u011fi\u015fti. Nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fti? \u00dc\u00e7 bi\u00e7imde de\u011fi\u015fti. Birincisi, petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n varil ba\u015f\u0131na 100 dolar\u0131 a\u015fmas\u0131 ile birlikte, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinden daha pahal\u0131ya da olsa, petrol \u00e7\u0131karabilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale geldi. Yenilenebilir enerji, kaya gaz\u0131 gibi yeni yollar bulundu.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi, enerji verimlili\u011fi<\/strong> <\/a>y\u00f6n\u00fcnde at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlar sayesinde, 1973\u2019e g\u00f6re 2012\u2019da, milli gelirin bir birimini \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in gereken enerji miktar\u0131 % 60 azald\u0131. 2012\u2019den 2035\u2019e kadar, bug\u00fcne g\u00f6re, y\u00fczde 50\u2019lik bir azalma daha bekleniyor. Ne oldu? Mevcut hayat tarz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 daha az enerji ile idame ettirecek teknolojik bir s\u0131\u00e7rama ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Art\u0131k otomobillerimiz daha az enerji t\u00fcketiyor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131kta durunca motor kendili\u011finden kapan\u0131p ye\u015fil yan\u0131nca a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, bina yap\u0131m tekniklerinde bir b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fim oldu. Ye\u015fil b\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7in gereken sekt\u00f6rler desteklenmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Sonunda ne oldu? Bak\u0131n bug\u00fcn Ortado\u011fu\u2019ya\u2026 M\u0131s\u0131r, Suriye, Irak, Tunus, Yemen art\u0131k y\u00f6netilebilir \u00fclkeler olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Devlet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerin \u00f6nemi artt\u0131. B\u00f6lgenin en normal \u00fclkesi Umman\u2019da bile g\u00f6steriler yap\u0131l\u0131r oldu. Suriye\u2019de uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n duruma art\u0131k m\u00fcdahale etmesi bekleniyor. Ama bak\u0131n, petrol fiyatlar\u0131nda \u00f6yle bir ikiye katlanma e\u011filimi de g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Peki, T\u00fcrkiye<\/strong> bu ye\u015fil b\u00fcy\u00fcme<\/strong> i\u015finin neresinde? Daha ba\u015f\u0131nda. 10. Kalk\u0131nma Plan\u0131<\/strong> ilk kez ye\u015fil b\u00fcy\u00fcmeden bahsediyor. \u0130lk kez, kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn sanayi politikas\u0131 arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleniyor. \u0130lk kez, kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ile in\u015faat malzemeleri sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde yap\u0131sal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn hedeflenmesi gerekti\u011finden s\u00f6z ediliyor. Ama daha i\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131nday\u0131z. Laftan eyleme ge\u00e7ece\u011fiz. Ortado\u011fu, Amerika i\u00e7in eskisi kadar \u00f6nemli de\u011fil. \u00c7in i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli. \u00d6devini yapmayan T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in ne yaz\u0131k ki h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6nemli. Konuyu abart\u0131p yeni bir imparatorluk kuracakm\u0131\u015f gibi yapmasak, bu b\u00f6lgede baya\u011f\u0131 i\u015fimiz var. Ama biz angajman kurallar\u0131n\u0131 bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc ezberleyemedik. Hadi bakal\u0131m…<\/p>\n

Yazan: G\u00fcven Sak<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Ge\u00e7enlerde, BBC televizyonunda seyretti\u011fim bir program\u0131 yeniden hat\u0131rlad\u0131m. Tom Friedman\u2019\u0131n, Amerikan New York Times gazetesindeki son yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan birini okuyordum. Yaz\u0131daki soru, tam ba\u015fl\u0131ktaki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6620,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,44],"tags":[6135,3041,8153,63,67,1009,165,103,12,168,59,8152,347,1314,8151,846,793,105,2367],"views":638,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14759"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14759"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14759\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14760,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14759\/revisions\/14760"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14759"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14759"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14759"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}