{"id":145117,"date":"2021-11-02T16:39:01","date_gmt":"2021-11-02T13:39:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=145117"},"modified":"2021-11-02T16:40:17","modified_gmt":"2021-11-02T13:40:17","slug":"kirleten-oderse-turkiye-nin-2030da-komurden-cikmasi-mumkun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/kirleten-oderse-turkiye-nin-2030da-komurden-cikmasi-mumkun\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Kirleten \u00d6derse T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 2030\u2019da K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00c7\u0131kmas\u0131 M\u00fcmk\u00fcn!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Paris \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 onaylamas\u0131 ve 2053 i\u00e7in net s\u0131f\u0131r karbon hedefini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken en h\u0131zl\u0131 ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ad\u0131m k\u00fcresel sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131na sebep olan k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc en ge\u00e7 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar elektrik sisteminden \u00e7\u0131karmak.<\/h2>\n

\u2018\u2018Karbon N\u00f6tr T\u00fcrkiye Yolunda \u0130lk Ad\u0131m: K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f 2030\u2019\u2019<\/strong> raporuna g\u00f6re kirleticilerin iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine sebep olan sera gazlar\u0131n\u0131 serbest\u00e7e salmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilip, kirletme bedelleri \u00f6detilirse ve kamu kaynaklar\u0131yla desteklenmeleri<\/strong> sonland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa en ge\u00e7 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elektrik \u00fcretiminde k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131<\/strong> do\u011fal seyrinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek.<\/p>\n

\"\"K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00d6tesinde Avrupa (Europe Beyond Coal), Avrupa \u0130klim Eylem A\u011f\u0131 (CAN Europe) S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Ekonomi ve Finans Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Derne\u011fi (SEFiA), Greenpeace Akdeniz, WWF-T\u00fcrkiye (Do\u011fal Hayat\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131), \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Politika ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Derne\u011fi ve 350.org<\/em> i\u00e7in modelleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 APLUS Enerji<\/strong>\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporda, 2021-2035 d\u00f6nemini<\/strong> kapsayan \u2018\u2018mevcut durum\u2019\u2019, \u2018\u2018k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u2019\u2019, \u2018\u2018n\u00fckleersiz k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u2019\u2019<\/strong> \u015feklinde 3 senaryo<\/strong> olu\u015fturularak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f olanaklar\u0131 incelendi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de k\u00f6m\u00fcr yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu \u00e7evre<\/strong> ve halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> ile iklim maliyetlerinin<\/strong> hi\u00e7biri k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santral ve\/ya k\u00f6m\u00fcr madeni i\u015fletmecileri<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcstlenilmiyor. \u00dcstelik yerli k\u00f6m\u00fcr al\u0131m garantisi<\/strong> ve kapasite mekanizmas\u0131<\/strong> gibi uygulamalarla k\u00f6m\u00fcr sekt\u00f6r\u00fc te\u015fvik ediliyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin k\u00f6m\u00fcr te\u015fviklerini kald\u0131r\u0131p karbon emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 fiyatland\u0131rma<\/strong> konusunda ciddi ad\u0131mlar atmas\u0131 art\u0131k bir zorunluluk. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc AB, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6nemli bir ticari payda\u015f\u0131 ve S\u0131n\u0131rda Karbon D\u00fczenleme Mekanizmas\u0131<\/strong>, AB\u2019ye ihra\u00e7 edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdeki emisyon i\u00e7eri\u011fini karbon fiyatlamas\u0131 yolu ile kontrol edecek. Ulusal \u00f6l\u00e7ekte karbon fiyatland\u0131rma mekanizmas\u0131<\/strong> uygulanmazsa T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ciddi bir finansal kaynak s\u0131n\u0131rda karbon vergileri<\/strong> yoluyla yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na aktar\u0131lacak, AB\u2019ye yap\u0131lan ihracat \u00fczerinde ek maliyetler olu\u015facak.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z konusu rapor, mevcut k\u00f6m\u00fcr te\u015fviklerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong> ve \u2018\u2018kirleten \u00f6der\u2019\u2019 ilkesi<\/strong> \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde karbon emisyonunun fiyatland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile en ge\u00e7 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na<\/strong> kadar k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor. K\u00f6m\u00fcre verilmekten vazge\u00e7ilen te\u015fvikler<\/strong>, ve kirletenin \u00f6dedi\u011fi<\/strong> toplam karbon maliyeti ile sa\u011flanacak tasarrufla, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn faydalar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> t\u00fcm toplumca payla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, kimsenin ma\u011fdur olmayaca\u011f\u0131 planlamalara da kaynak ayr\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Raporun ana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/span><\/p>\n

– K\u00f6m\u00fcr maliyetlerinin kirleticiler yani termik santral i\u015fletmecileri<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcklenilmesi ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr te\u015fviklerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda elektrik \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131m\u0131 ak\u0131lc\u0131 bir tercih olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kacak ve 2028 y\u0131l\u0131<\/strong> itibar\u0131yla ithal k\u00f6m\u00fcrden, 2029 y\u0131l\u0131<\/strong> itibar\u0131yla ise yerli k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f<\/strong> do\u011fal seyrinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek.<\/p>\n

– K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f senaryosunda, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131na k\u0131yasla elektrik sekt\u00f6r\u00fc kaynakl\u0131 karbon emisyonlar\u0131 2035 y\u0131l\u0131nda %82,8<\/strong> azalacak ve 27,6 milyon ton<\/strong> CO2 seviyesine<\/strong> gerileyecek. Bu durum T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin iklim hedeflerine ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale getirecek. Mevcut durum senaryosunda ise 2053 karbon n\u00f6tr hedefine<\/strong> ula\u015fmak \u00e7ok zor bir ihtimal haline gelecek.<\/p>\n

– \u0130\u00e7inden ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz k\u00fcresel yak\u0131t-fiyat krizi<\/strong> g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131rsa k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/strong> ve yerlilik hedeflerini sa\u011flamak<\/strong> i\u00e7in hayati bir \u00f6neme sahip. Mevcut durum senaryosunda yenilenebilir enerjinin pay\u0131 2035\u2019te %49,4<\/strong>\u2019te, yerli kaynak oran\u0131 ise %59<\/strong>\u2019da kal\u0131yor. K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f senaryosunda ise r\u00fczgar ve g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi artacak; elektrik \u00fcretiminde tamam\u0131 yerli ve yenilenebilir olan enerjinin pay\u0131 2035\u2019<\/strong>te iki kata \u00e7\u0131karak %73,6<\/strong> olacak.<\/p>\n

– K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n elektrik piyasa fiyat\u0131na<\/strong> etkisi sim\u00fclasyonun ortalar\u0131nda artsa da k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f senaryosu alt\u0131nda devreye giren yenilenebilir enerji kapasitesi sayesinde bu fark giderek azalacak ve 2035 y\u0131l\u0131nda mevcut durum senaryosu<\/strong> ile neredeyse e\u015fitlenecek.<\/p>\n

– K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f senaryosunda elektrik \u00fcretim ve iletim sistemindeki yat\u0131r\u0131m ihtiyac\u0131 k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi 2029 y\u0131l\u0131na<\/strong> kadar ek 28 milyar dolar<\/strong> yat\u0131r\u0131m gerektiriyor. Bu da y\u0131ll\u0131k mevcut gayri safi yurt i\u00e7i has\u0131lan\u0131n yaln\u0131zca %0,5<\/strong>\u2019inin ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131lanabilir.<\/p>\n

– 2030\u2019a kadar k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta n\u00fckleerin bir avantaj\u0131 yok. N\u00fckleer enerjinin y\u00fcksek maliyeti ve bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskler de dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin n\u00fckleer enerji politikalar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> yeniden g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesi gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

– K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f plan\u0131n\u0131n, k\u00f6m\u00fcr b\u00f6lgelerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 ve y\u00f6re sakinlerini ma\u011fdur etmemesi i\u00e7in kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ve insana yara\u015f\u0131r istihdam olanaklar\u0131 yaratacak bir Adil Ge\u00e7i\u015f Mekanizmas\u0131<\/strong> i\u00e7ermesi gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00d6tesinde Avrupa (Europe Beyond Coal) Kampanyac\u0131s\u0131 Duygu Kutluay<\/strong>: K\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 1,5 derece ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken en etkili ve kolay ad\u0131m k\u00f6m\u00fcrden vazge\u00e7mek. Avrupa\u2019da son 5 y\u0131l<\/strong> i\u00e7inde 20 \u00fclke k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131<\/strong> taahh\u00fct etti. T\u00fcrkiye’de iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine sebep olan sera gazlar\u0131n\u0131 salanlara senelerce destek verildi, oysa bu raporla g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ki kirletmenin bedeli kirletenlere \u00f6detilirse, k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131kmak ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz. T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in k\u00f6m\u00fcrden vazge\u00e7mek, hem k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn hava kirlili\u011fi, iklim<\/strong> ve sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecek<\/strong> hem de zengin yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek enerji d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc; istihdam, teknoloji, enerji ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> ve yeni finansman kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan faydalar sa\u011flayacak.<\/p>\n

WWF-T\u00fcrkiye (Do\u011fal Hayat\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131) Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Asl\u0131 Pasinli<\/strong>: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de k\u00f6m\u00fcrden elektrik \u00fcretimi iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadelemizin \u00f6n\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir engel olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda do\u011fa, halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kamu b\u00fct\u00e7esi \u00fczerinde de ciddi bir y\u00fck olu\u015fturuyor. Karbon n\u00f6tr, iklime diren\u00e7li ve kimsenin geride b\u0131rak\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir gelecek i\u00e7in ye\u015fil yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n desteklendi\u011fi, k\u00f6m\u00fcr ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere kirli teknolojilerin terk edildi\u011fi yeni bir ekonomik yakla\u015f\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 var. Karbon N\u00f6tr T\u00fcrkiye Yolunda \u0130lk Ad\u0131m: K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f 2030 Raporu elektrik \u00fcretimi sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00f6zelinde bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n teknik ve ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu bize g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

Avrupa \u0130klim Eylem A\u011f\u0131 (CAN EUROPE) T\u00fcrkiye \u0130klim ve Enerji Politikalar\u0131 Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc \u00d6zlem Kat\u0131s\u00f6z:<\/strong> K\u00fcresel iklim g\u00fcndemi, yeni santral kurulum maliyetleri, k\u00f6m\u00fcre finansman\u0131n durmas\u0131 gibi geli\u015fmelerle k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc geride b\u0131rakmak ve yenilenebilir kaynaklara h\u0131zl\u0131 bir ge\u00e7i\u015f ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz hale geliyor. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn elektrik sisteminden temizlenmesi teknik ve finansal olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bu noktada en kritik olan; bu ge\u00e7i\u015fin toplumsal boyutunu en ba\u015ftan planlamak ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr b\u00f6lgelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ile ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n insana yara\u015f\u0131r i\u015f, toplumun t\u00fcm kesimlerini kapsayan istihdam, ye\u015fil kalk\u0131nma gibi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn f\u0131rsatlar\u0131ndan yararlanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yerel kalk\u0131nma ve istihdam politikalar\u0131n\u0131 tasarlamak.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Ekonomi ve Finans Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Derne\u011fi (SEFiA) Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Bengisu \u00d6zen\u00e7<\/strong>: Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n onaylanmas\u0131 ile birlikte a\u00e7\u0131klanan 2053 net-s\u0131f\u0131r hedefi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin art\u0131k iddial\u0131 bir emisyon azalt\u0131m stratejisini ortaya koymas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyor. Bu stratejinin en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 ise k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f olu\u015fturuyor. Bu ad\u0131m ayn\u0131 zamanda, k\u00fcresel iklim hedefleri do\u011frultusunda de\u011fi\u015fen rekabet ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ticaret partnerleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki konumunu korumas\u0131na ve hatta geli\u015ftirmesine de katk\u0131 sa\u011flayacak. Bu ad\u0131m\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131nda ge\u00e7 kal\u0131nmas\u0131 ise ekonominin t\u00fcm\u00fcne yay\u0131lacak bir at\u0131l varl\u0131k riskini de beraberinde getirecek.<\/p>\n

Greenpeace Akdeniz\u00a0 \u0130klim ve Enerji Proje Sorumlusu Onur Akg\u00fcl:<\/strong> Bu rapor, T\u00fcrkiye’nin, elektrik \u00fcretiminde k\u00f6m\u00fcre muhta\u00e7 oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor ve k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in uygulanabilir bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 \u00f6neriyor. Elektrik \u00fcretimindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn n\u00fckleere bel ba\u011flamadan, 9 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde, kamu b\u00fct\u00e7esi sars\u0131lmadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. K\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinde, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn sebep oldu\u011fu kirlilikle zenginle\u015fenlerin de sorumluluk \u00fcstlenmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u0130klim krizinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekolojik, ekonomik ve toplumsal sorunlara kar\u015f\u0131, \u201ckirleten \u00f6der\u201d ilkesini g\u00f6zetmek, at\u0131labilecek en do\u011fru ad\u0131m. K\u00f6m\u00fcrden yenilenebilire do\u011fru adaletli ve planl\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015fi bir an \u00f6nce ba\u015flatman\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu ise karar vericilerde. \u0130klim krizine kar\u015f\u0131 tarihi bir noktada oldu\u011fumuzun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Paris \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 onaylamas\u0131 ve 2053 i\u00e7in net s\u0131f\u0131r karbon hedefini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken en h\u0131zl\u0131 ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ad\u0131m k\u00fcresel […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":145119,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,24649],"tags":[72207,98129,98130,85812,2533,96307],"views":142,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145117"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=145117"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/145117\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/145119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=145117"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=145117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}