{"id":14317,"date":"2013-08-21T17:19:08","date_gmt":"2013-08-21T14:19:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=14317"},"modified":"2013-08-21T17:19:08","modified_gmt":"2013-08-21T14:19:08","slug":"enerji-guvenligi-analizi-petrolde-buyuk-risk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/enerji-guvenligi-analizi-petrolde-buyuk-risk\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Enerji G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Analizi: Petrolde B\u00fcy\u00fck Risk…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Petrol ve gaz boru hatlar\u0131yla \u00fcretim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m sahalar\u0131na yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f ya\u015fanmas\u0131, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011finin \u00f6nemini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son y\u0131llarda petrol ve do\u011falgaz boru hatlar\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere enerji altyap\u0131 tesislerine y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n artmas\u0131, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sorununu daha g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131ld\u0131. H\u00fcrriyet Gazetesi`nden Merve Erdil, “Petrolde b\u00fcy\u00fck risk” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bu konuda bir durum analizi yapt\u0131. \u0130\u015fte o analiz:<\/p>\n

Son d\u00f6nemde boru hatlar\u0131, petrol sahalar\u0131 gibi enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik artan sabotajlar kayg\u0131 veriyor. Enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusu \u00fclkelerin de g\u00fcndemine otururken, enerjide k\u00f6pr\u00fc olma hedefine sahip T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu alanda atmas\u0131 gereken baz\u0131 ad\u0131mlar oldu\u011fu ifade ediliyor. Yetkililer, \u201c50 dolarl\u0131k bir plastik patlay\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131yorsunuz, 2 milyon dolarl\u0131k zarar olu\u015fturuyorsunuz\u201d diyerek, konunun \u00f6nemine vurgu yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Petrol ve do\u011falgaza olan talep, bu kaynaklar\u0131n tedarik edilmesinde arz g\u00fcvenli\u011fini fazlas\u0131yla \u00f6nemli k\u0131larken, son d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafyada boru hatlar\u0131 gibi enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Uzmanlar, bir yandan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerjide k\u00f6pr\u00fc \u00fclke olmay\u0131 hedeflerken, di\u011fer yandan b\u00f6lgede gerilimin t\u0131rmand\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekerken, \u00f6zellikle uluslararas\u0131 petrol \u015firketlerinin boru hatt\u0131 gibi altyap\u0131 projelerine ba\u015flarken, risk priminin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u015fart\u0131 arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor.<\/p>\n

G\u00dcNDE 40 M\u0130LYON DOLAR<\/strong>
\nYakla\u015f\u0131k 20 bin kilometreyi bulan bir petrol\/do\u011falgaz iletim a\u011f\u0131 bulunan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, mevcut boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini genel olarak BOTA\u015e, Jandarma, di\u011fer kolluk kuvvetleri ve \u00f6zel g\u00fcvenlikler sa\u011fl\u0131yor. USAK Enerji G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi (EGAM) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Hasan Selim \u00d6zertem, enerji boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n lojistik olarak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu vurgularken, \u201cKerk\u00fck-Yumurtal\u0131k Petrol Boru Hatt\u0131 (Irak-T\u00fcrkiye Boru Hatt\u0131), g\u00fcnl\u00fck 300\u2013400 bin petrol ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesine sahip, yani her g\u00fcn ortalama 40 milyon dolarl\u0131k petrol sevk ediliyor. Petrol ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bir hafta durmas\u0131, birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz milyon dolara varacak bir etki olu\u015fturabiliyor\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

50 DOLARA, 2 M\u0130LYON DOLAR<\/strong>
\nAfrika\u2019dan Ortado\u011fu\u2019ya, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusu giderek \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor. \u00d6yle ki, enerji sevk\u0131yat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli role sahip M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da ya\u015fanan gerginlik, an\u0131nda petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131yor ve S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n risk alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki piyasalar\u0131 etkilemi\u015f oluyor. Petrol ve do\u011falgaz\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak ise uluslararas\u0131 \u015firketler ve \u00fclkelere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunan Do\u00e7. Dr. Mitat \u00c7elikpala, enerji altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n neden artan \u015fekilde hedef al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sordu\u011fumuzda, \u015fu yan\u0131t\u0131 veriyor: \u201cBinlerce kilometrelik boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak \u00e7ok kolay de\u011fil. Sald\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funda ise yarat\u0131lan etki b\u00fcy\u00fck oluyor. 50 dolarl\u0131k bir plastik patlay\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131yorsunuz, 2 milyonluk zarar olu\u015fturuyorsunuz.\u201d<\/p>\n

HUKUK\u0130 ALTYAPI \u015eART<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, boru hatlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tehdidin her zaman masada oldu\u011funu vurgulayan \u00c7elikpala, \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor: \u201cAvrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019ne bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, enerji raporlar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi bu konuda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u00fclke olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. Boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda birka\u00e7 \u00fclkenin birden tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 gereken bir ili\u015fki a\u011f\u0131 var. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Jandarma, Azerbaycan\u2019dan gelen bir boru hatt\u0131 i\u00e7in Socar\u2019la nas\u0131l bir ileti\u015fim kurmal\u0131, nas\u0131l bir ili\u015fki olmal\u0131; boru hatlar\u0131 binlerce kilometre gidiyor. Ter\u00f6r tehdidi olan b\u00f6lgelerdeki bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131, olmayan b\u00f6lgelerdeki bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131 olabiliyor. Boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 konusunda hen\u00fcz somut bir hukuki d\u00fczenleme yok. Her bir hatta \u00f6zel anla\u015fma yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda birbirinden farkl\u0131, birbirine benzemeyen yap\u0131lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabiliyor. Bu koruman\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik hukuki altyap\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekli.\u201d\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

557 DEFA PETROL \u00c7ALINDI<\/strong>
\nEGAM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Hasan Selim \u00d6zertem, T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6zelinde petrol boru hatlar\u0131nda h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k konusunun da \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu vurgularken, \u201cPetrol boru hatlar\u0131na vana takarak, h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k yap\u0131yorlar. Bu h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131klar b\u00f6lgedeki a\u015firetler ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir gelir kayna\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturabiliyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2000\u20132010 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda boru hatlar\u0131ndan 557 defa h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f. 2003\u20132008 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131 verilere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 400\u2019\u00fcn \u00fczerinde petrol boru hatlar\u0131ndan h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k vakas\u0131 ve sadece ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan petrol kayb\u0131ndan kaynaklanan 5 milyon dolar\u0131n \u00fczerinde zarar oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Transit \u00fccret a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da petrol ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n durmas\u0131ndan kaybetti\u011finiz bir gelir oluyor\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

YEN\u0130 BORU HATLARIYLA AKAN PETROL ARTACAK<\/strong>
\nEnerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bulunan Do\u00e7. Dr. Mitat \u00c7EL\u0130KPALA ise 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de boru hatlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik 12 sald\u0131r\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini, 12 sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 PKK\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcstlendi\u011fini anlat\u0131rken, \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu: \u201cPKK boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131 2010 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar hedef olarak tan\u0131mlamad\u0131. 2011, 2012\u2019de hedef olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131lar. \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck sald\u0131r\u0131lar yapm\u0131yorlar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sorun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerle, ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar.Bu yak\u0131nla\u015fma s\u00fcreci nedeniyle sald\u0131r\u0131lar durdu. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusunda daha kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. T\u00fcrkiye bir ge\u00e7i\u015f alan\u0131; sadece boru hatlar\u0131 olarak de\u011fil, bo\u011fazlardan tanker ge\u00e7i\u015fi var. Kerk\u00fck-Yumurtal\u0131k hatt\u0131yla petrol Ceyhan\u2019a ak\u0131yor, Do\u011fu Akdeniz gibi projelerle akan petrol ve do\u011falgaz miktar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

YOUTUBE`A VIDEO Y\u00dcKLEMEK YETERL\u0130<\/strong>
\nS\u0130YAS\u0130 analist ve yazar Claude Salhani ise \u201cNeden enerji altyap\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik riskiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gibi\u201d sorusunu, yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak \u015f\u00f6yle yan\u0131tlad\u0131: \u201cPetrol, modern d\u00fcnyan\u0131n i\u015flerli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in ihtiyac\u0131 olan kan veya oksijen diyebiliriz. Petrol olmadan, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bug\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 aniden sona ermi\u015f olur, u\u00e7aklar, otomobiller, makineler durur; evlerin ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z binalar\u0131n \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131 ve so\u011fumas\u0131 durabilir…<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla petrol altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 direkt olarak hedef almak, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekmenin bir yolu ve ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. 1970\u2019lerde ter\u00f6ristler d\u00fcnyan\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekebilmek i\u00e7in u\u00e7ak ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u015eimdi ter\u00f6rist gruplar, bunu yapmalar\u0131na gerek kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi. You Tube\u2019a veya Facebook\u2019a bir video y\u00fcklemek, e\u011fer o video d\u00fcnyan\u0131n enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgiliyse, onlara daha \u00e7ok tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131k sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f oluyor. Bu \u015fekilde hem h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri ac\u0131yacak bir noktadan vurmu\u015f, hem de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015f oluyorlar. Boru hatlar\u0131 ise fiziksel yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve co\u011frafyalar\u0131 nedeniyle zedelenebilir nitelikte olabiliyorlar.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130NSANSIZ HAVA ARACI KORUYOR<\/strong>
\nEGAM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Hasan Selim \u00d6zertem, boru hatlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n temelinde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kla \u015fu \u00fc\u00e7 nedenin oldu\u011funu anlat\u0131rken, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201c1) Sansasyonel etki yaratma iste\u011fi, 2) \u0130deolojik nedenler, \u00f6zellikle bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n uluslar aras\u0131 \u015firketler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmas\u0131), 3) Yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddi y\u00fck. Boru hatt\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funda, varil ba\u015f\u0131 petrol fiyat\u0131 1\u201310 dolar y\u00fckselebilir, sansasyonel de bir olayd\u0131r. Yemen, Irak gibi devlet otoritesinin tam sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerde kolayd\u0131r. Son d\u00f6nemde boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor, an\u0131nda m\u00fcdahale ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebiliyorsunuz.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131yla boru hatlar\u0131 takip edilebiliyor, hareketler g\u00f6zlemleniyor, hareketlilik varsa m\u00fcdahale ediliyor. Bug\u00fcn boru hatt\u0131n\u0131n toprak \u00fcst\u00fcnde kalan par\u00e7alar\u0131na beton duvar \u00f6r\u00fclmesi, tel \u00f6rg\u00fc \u00e7ekilmesi gibi \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca di\u011fer bir y\u00f6ntem de b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fi ile boru hatt\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin b\u00f6lgelerde \u015f\u00fcpheli ki\u015filer dola\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 Jandarma\u2019ya haber verebiliyor. Bu gibi \u00e7oklu anlay\u0131\u015fla sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.\u201d<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019li senat\u00f6r: LNG risk olur mu?<\/strong>
\nBUG\u00dcNLERDE baz\u0131 enerji analistleri \u201cBir \u00fclkenin petrol \u00fcretimi ve \u00fclkedeki \u015fiddet seviyesi aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131 var m\u0131\u201d sorusuna yan\u0131t ar\u0131yor. Ortado\u011fu ve Kuzey Afrika\u2019daki kaos ortam\u0131 \u00f6zellikle petrol fiyatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde etkisini g\u00f6sterirken, Libya\u2019da petrol sahalar\u0131n\u0131n milisler taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k s\u0131k ele ge\u00e7irildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. LNG yoluyla \u00fcretti\u011fi gaz\u0131 ihra\u00e7 etmeye haz\u0131rlanan ABD\u2019de, g\u00fcvenlik nedeniyle bunu sorgulayan siyaset\u00e7iler de bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Velh\u00e2s\u0131l ABD Senatosu D\u0131\u015f Ili\u015fkiler Komitesi \u00dcyesi Ed Markey, ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Barack Obama\u2019ya bir mektup yazarak, Yemen\u2019deki g\u00fcvenlik riskini \u00f6rnek vermi\u015f ve LNG ihracat\u0131na onay verilmesinin do\u011fru bir ad\u0131m olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sormu\u015ftu. \u00d6te yandan, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde yap\u0131lan bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re, M\u0131s\u0131r-\u00dcrd\u00fcn do\u011falgaz hatt\u0131ndan sevk\u0131yat\u0131n durmas\u0131 sonucu, \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn zarar\u0131 5 milyar dolara yakla\u015ft\u0131. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Abdullah G\u00fcl ise ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde D\u00fcnya Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in G\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi Konferans\u0131\u2019nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011finin devletler i\u00e7in hayatta kalma meselesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Petrol ve gaz boru hatlar\u0131yla \u00fcretim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m sahalar\u0131na yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f ya\u015fanmas\u0131, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011finin \u00f6nemini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Son y\u0131llarda petrol […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14318,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[46,53,44],"tags":[63,67,232,1009,165,7782,59,877,7783,7784],"views":817,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14317"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14317"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14317\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14319,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14317\/revisions\/14319"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14317"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14317"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14317"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}