{"id":143091,"date":"2021-09-30T14:10:18","date_gmt":"2021-09-30T11:10:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=143091"},"modified":"2021-09-30T14:11:44","modified_gmt":"2021-09-30T11:11:44","slug":"thhp-kara-rapor-2021-hava-kirliligi-ve-saglik-etkileri-raporunu-acikladi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/thhp-kara-rapor-2021-hava-kirliligi-ve-saglik-etkileri-raporunu-acikladi\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) THHP “Kara Rapor 2021: Hava Kirlili\u011fi ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Etkileri” Raporunu A\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu\u2019nun yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kara Rapor 2021<\/strong>\u2019e g\u00f6re, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki illerin yar\u0131s\u0131nda, yani 42 \u015fehirde kanserojen olan ince partik\u00fcl (PM2.5<\/sub>)<\/strong> seviyesi yeterli d\u00fczeyde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmedi.<\/h2>\n

Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu (THHP)<\/strong>\u2019nun haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cKara Rapor 2021: Hava Kirlili\u011fi ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Etkileri\u201d<\/em><\/strong> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131. Bu y\u0131l d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc yay\u0131nlanan raporda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin baz\u0131 illerinde y\u0131llard\u0131r \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyen ciddi hava kirlili\u011fi sorunlar\u0131<\/strong> ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya konuldu.<\/p>\n

\"\"Son 5 y\u0131l\u0131n hava kalitesinin\u00a0<\/strong>incelendi\u011fi raporda, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131lan<\/strong> istasyon say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekildi. Ancak T\u00dc\u0130K<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na ait \u00f6l\u00fcm verileri<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in; 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri her sene hesaplanan hava kirlili\u011fi kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bu y\u0131l belirlenemedi\u011fi vurguland\u0131.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

THHP Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc Buket Atl\u0131,<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0ge\u00e7en y\u0131l yeterli derecede \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131labilen 175<\/strong> istasyonun y\u00fczde 97,7\u2019sinde<\/strong> y\u0131ll\u0131k PM10<\/sub> ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6)<\/strong>\u2019n\u00fcn k\u0131lavuz s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerinin \u00fczerinde oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Atl\u0131, \u201cAyr\u0131ca, 9 ilde\u00a0<\/strong>hava kirlili\u011fi ile ilgili yeterli partik\u00fcl madde (PM10<\/sub>)<\/strong> verisi yok ve 45<\/strong> \u015fehirde hava kirlili\u011fi ulusal s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerini bile a\u015ft\u0131. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki 42 \u015fehirde kanserojen olan ince partik\u00fcl (PM2.5<\/sub>) seviyesi yeterli d\u00fczeyde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmedi.<\/strong> PM2.5<\/sub> hava kirlili\u011fi kaynakl\u0131 hastal\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fc ve \u00f6l\u00fcmleri anlayabilmemiz i\u00e7in en temel g\u00f6sterge, ancak \u00fclke genelinde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yap\u0131lm\u0131yor ve hala mevzuatta PM2.5<\/sub><\/strong> i\u00e7in limit de\u011fer bulunmuyor. Di\u011fer yandan 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm verileri a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hava kirlili\u011finden kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayamad\u0131k. T\u00fcrkiye, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar hava kirlili\u011fi<\/strong> kaynakl\u0131 erken \u00f6l\u00fcmleri<\/strong> y\u00fczde 55<\/strong> azaltaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 taahh\u00fct etti. Art\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fck bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu olan hava kirlili\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in ulusal d\u00fczeyde bir hava kirlili\u011fi ile m\u00fccadele stratejisinin<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekiyor\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n

DS\u00d6 ge\u00e7en hafta, hava kirlili\u011finin sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerini azaltmak<\/strong> i\u00e7in \u00f6nerdi\u011fi k\u0131lavuz s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferleri PM2.5<\/sub> i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k 5 \u03bcg\/m3<\/strong> ve PM10<\/sub> 15 \u03bcg\/m3<\/strong>\u2019e d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. D\u00fcnya genelinde s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi konu\u015fulmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Raporda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hava kalitesi mevzuat\u0131nda halen kanserojen<\/strong> olan\u00a0PM2,5<\/sub> i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferleri belirlemedi\u011fine<\/strong> dikkat \u00e7ekildi.<\/p>\n

12 \u0130LDE T\u00dcM YIL HAVA K\u0130RL\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Raporda, hava kirlili\u011finin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 12 \u015fehrinde art\u0131k t\u00fcm y\u0131la yay\u0131lan bir sorun oldu\u011funun alt\u0131 \u00e7izildi.\u00a0Mu\u015f, I\u011fd\u0131r, \u0130stanbul, Sinop, Malatya, Edirne, Tokat, Kayseri, Denizli, D\u00fczce, Karab\u00fck, A\u011fr\u0131<\/strong> ve Ankara<\/strong>\u2019daki\u00a0<\/em>15 istasyonda \u00a02020 y\u0131l\u0131 boyunca yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerde \u2018y\u00fcksek hava kirlili\u011fi\u2019\u00a0<\/strong>g\u00f6zlemlendi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sadece Bitlis ve Hakkari<\/strong>\u2019de hava kirlili\u011fi (PM10<\/sub>) DS\u00d6 k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferlerinin alt\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc. Hava kirlili\u011finin en y\u00fcksek oranda oldu\u011fu \u015fehrin ise Mu\u015f<\/strong> oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Mu\u015flular y\u0131l\u0131n 306 g\u00fcn\u00fc<\/strong> kirli hava soludu.<\/p>\n

2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda hava kalitesi<\/strong> en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7\u0131kan iller ise I\u011fd\u0131r, A\u011fr\u0131 ve Mu\u015f\u00a0<\/strong>oldu. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hava kalitesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en kirli illeri listesinde son 4 y\u0131ld\u0131r ilk s\u0131rada yer alan I\u011fd\u0131r<\/strong>, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda yerini Mu\u015f<\/strong>\u2019a b\u0131rakt\u0131. 5 y\u0131ld\u0131r I\u011fd\u0131r, Kahramanmara\u015f, Manisa, A\u011fr\u0131 ve D\u00fczce<\/strong>\u2019de hava kirlili\u011fi sorununun kronikle\u015fti\u011fi ifade edilirken bu \u015fehirlerde \u2018Acil Temiz Hava Eylem Planlar\u0131\u2019<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu bile\u015fenlerinden Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Uzmanlar\u0131 Derne\u011fi temsilcisi Dr. \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Melike Yavuz<\/em> \u201cAra\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar hava kirlili\u011finin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde COVID-19<\/strong> vaka ve \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zledi. Bu g\u00f6zlemlerin daha ileri ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarla desteklenmesine ihtiya\u00e7 var. Kirli havan\u0131n COVID-19 vir\u00fcs\u00fc<\/strong>n\u00fcn v\u00fccuda giri\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 mekanizmalar\u0131 ile g\u00f6steren bilimsel kan\u0131tlar mevcuttur. Ayr\u0131ca hava kirlili\u011fi<\/strong> sebep oldu\u011fu kronik hastal\u0131klar<\/strong> nedeniyle COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n \u015fiddetini artt\u0131r\u0131yor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u00a0\u00f6zellikle ince partik\u00fcl (PM2.5<\/sub>) ve daha \u00e7ok trafikten kaynaklanan azot dioksite (NO2<\/sub>) k\u0131sa veya uzun s\u00fcreli maruz kalman\u0131n, y\u00fcksek COVID-19 enfeksiyon ve \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131na<\/strong>\u00a0\u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde katk\u0131da bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Hem iklim krizi hem de\u00a0COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele<\/strong> i\u00e7in \u00f6zellikle ula\u015f\u0131m, enerji <\/strong>ve \u0131s\u0131nmada<\/strong> kullan\u0131lan ta\u015f k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc, linyit, fuel-oil<\/strong> gibi kirleticilerin azalt\u0131larak, hava kirlili\u011fini azaltacak<\/strong> \u00f6nlemlerin acilen al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u015fart\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

3 B\u00dcY\u00dcK \u015eEH\u0130RDE \u0130L\u00c7ELER\u0130N HAVASI K\u0130RL\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Raporda, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stanbul\u2019da PM10<\/sub> ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceki y\u0131llara g\u00f6re daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyelerde oldu\u011fu ortaya kondu. Ancak uzmanlar bu seviyenin dahi DS\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn \u00f6nerdi\u011fi k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferlerin iki kat\u0131 oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. \u0130stanbul\u2019un il\u00e7eleri Mecidiyek\u00f6y, Sultangazi, Esenyurt ve Alibeyk\u00f6y<\/strong>\u2019de PM10<\/sub> ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n DS\u00d6 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferlerinin 3 kat\u0131ndan fazla seviyede oldu\u011fu ortaya konuldu. Ankara Siteler istasyonunun<\/strong> yak\u0131n\u0131nda ise y\u0131ll\u0131k PM10<\/sub> ortalamas\u0131 DS\u00d6 k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferlerinin d\u00f6rt kat\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131. \u0130zmir<\/strong>\u2019deki en k\u00f6t\u00fc hava kalitesi, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm verileri kamuoyu ile payla\u015f\u0131lmayan Alia\u011fa\u2019da\u00a0<\/strong>\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc. \u00a0\u0130l\u00e7ede, DS\u00d6 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferlerinin 2 kat\u0131ndan fazla bir kirlilik ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya konuldu. Alia\u011fa\u2019da bulunan en \u00f6nemli kirletici kaynaklar; k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santral, hurda metal i\u015fleyen demir-\u00e7elik fabrikalar\u0131 ve haddehaneler, yap\u0131m\u0131 bitti\u011fi i\u00e7in yak\u0131nda \u00fcretime ge\u00e7ecek olan yeni rafineri de kirletici kaynaklara eklenecek olan petrokimya tesisleri.<\/p>\n

ORMAN YANGINLARI HAVAYI DA K\u0130RLETT\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de son 10 y\u0131lda s\u0131cak hava dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 ve beraberinde ya\u015fanan orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, hava kirlili\u011finin \u00f6nemli sebepleri aras\u0131nda. Orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131nda olu\u015fan hava kirlili\u011fi ve duman\u0131n i\u00e7indeki partik\u00fcl madde, yer seviyesi ozonu ve karbonmonoksit<\/strong>maruziyeti, en b\u00fcy\u00fck sa\u011fl\u0131k riskini olu\u015fturuyor. Rapora g\u00f6re, 2020\u2019de Hatay Samanda\u011f\u2019da ya\u015fanan yang\u0131n sebebiyle, havaya iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine de sebep olan siyah karbon kirleticisi sal\u0131nd\u0131. Siyah karbon<\/strong>, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine de sebep olan hava kirleticilerinden biri.<\/p>\n

2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mu\u011fla, Antalya ve Tunceli\u2019de<\/strong> ya\u015fanan orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> benzerlerinin ileride ya\u015fanmas\u0131 halinde, yang\u0131na maruziyetin derecesi ve s\u00fcresine g\u00f6re hastal\u0131k riskini azaltacak ekipmanlar (\u00f6r. N95 maske) da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve gerekli uyar\u0131lar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerildi. \u00d6te yandan; iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin Akdeniz b\u00f6lgesindeki etkileri sonucu artan kurakl\u0131k da kum f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131na<\/strong> ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hava kirlili\u011fine neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

K\u0130RL\u0130 HAVA, COVID-19\u2019UN V\u00dcCUDA G\u0130R\u0130\u015e\u0130N\u0130 KOLAYLA\u015eTIRIYOR<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Raporda yay\u0131nlanan verilere g\u00f6re, uzun d\u00f6nem hava kirlili\u011fine maruz kalan milyonlarca insan solunum ve kalp damar sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131, diyabet gibi kronik hastal\u0131klar veya kanser\u00a0<\/strong>ile m\u00fccadele ediyor ve COVID-19 gibi vir\u00fcslere kar\u015f\u0131 daha savunmas\u0131z hale geliyor. Hava kirlili\u011finin daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde COVID-19 vaka say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu ortaya konuluyor.\u00a0<\/strong>Raporda, COVID-19 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 pandemisi ile m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in hava kirlili\u011fini azaltacak<\/strong> \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6neriliyor.<\/p>\n

Raporda ayr\u0131ca hava kirlili\u011finin genler \u00fczerindeki etkisi de ele al\u0131nd\u0131. Kirlili\u011fin etkisinin ya\u015fam\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00f6nemlerinde farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirtilirken gebelik \u00f6ncesi,<\/strong> anne karn\u0131nda, erken \u00e7ocukluk ve ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemlerinde<\/strong> partik\u00fcl maddenin etkilerine yatk\u0131nl\u0131k artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade ediliyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada, \u201cSon y\u0131llarda PM\u2019ye maruz kalma ile mental sa\u011fl\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiye dair bulgular daha netle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Hava kirlili\u011finin mental bozukluklar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle maj\u00f6r depresyonun<\/strong> tetiklenmesindeki olas\u0131 rol\u00fcne dair kan\u0131tlar bulunuyor\u201d<\/em> ifadelerine yer verildi.<\/p>\n

Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu bile\u015fenlerinden T\u00fcrk N\u00f6roloji Derne\u011fi temsilcisi Do\u00e7. Dr. Semih Ayta<\/strong> \u201cSa\u00e7 telinin 1\/30\u2019u kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan ince partik\u00fcl maddelerin genlerimizi etkileyerek d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck do\u011fum a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, erken do\u011fum, kalp-damar ve solunum sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131, depresyon ve kansere\u00a0<\/strong>sebep oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. D\u00fcnya art\u0131k PM2.5<\/sub>\u2019ten<\/strong> de daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan ve h\u00fccrelerimizin enerji bankas\u0131<\/strong> olan mitokondrileri etkileyen \u00e7ok ince partik\u00fcl maddelerin<\/strong> sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerini konu\u015fuyor.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Raporda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de pandemiye y\u00f6nelik ilk \u00f6nlemlerin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 15 Mart 2020<\/strong> tarihinden 15 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce<\/strong> ve sonras\u0131ndaki PM10<\/sub>ortalamalar\u0131<\/strong> kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; al\u0131nan \u00f6nlemlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00fclke genelinde azalan ara\u00e7 trafi\u011fi<\/strong> ve emisyonlar\u0131, biyok\u00fctlenin yak\u0131lmas\u0131, end\u00fcstriyel faaliyetler<\/strong> nedeniyle hava kalitesinde ya\u015fanan iyile\u015fmenin k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Hatta baz\u0131 illerde kapanma sonras\u0131nda PM10\u00a0<\/sub>ortalamas\u0131nda tam tersine art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. K\u0131rklareli, Edirne, Tekirda\u011f, K\u00fctahya ve \u0130zmir\u00a0<\/strong>\u00e7evrelerinde COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemlerine ra\u011fmen PM10<\/sub> de\u011ferlerinde y\u00fczde 2 ila y\u00fczde 15 aras\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f\u00a0<\/strong>g\u00f6zlemlendi. Y\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda kapal\u0131 olan Kahramanmara\u015f, Manisa, Zonguldak, \u00c7anakkale, Sivas ve K\u00fctahya<\/strong>\u2019da termik santraller baca gaz\u0131 ar\u0131tma sistemleri gibi mevzuata uyum i\u00e7in gerekli \u00e7evre yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlamamalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ge\u00e7ici izinlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ve havay\u0131 kirletmeye devam etti.<\/p>\n

THHP\u2019DEN TEM\u0130Z HAVA \u00c7A\u011eRISI!<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Kara Rapor 2021<\/strong>\u2019i yay\u0131nlayan Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu \u00f6nerilerini ise \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralad\u0131:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u2018Hava Kirlili\u011fi ile M\u00fccadele Stratejisi\u2019 geli\u015ftirilmeli.<\/p>\n

2- \u0130ller baz\u0131nda Temiz Hava Eylem Planlar\u0131 olu\u015fturulmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

3- PM2.5 \u00a0<\/sub>ve \u00a0<\/sub>PM10 \u00a0<\/sub>de\u011ferleri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm kirleticiler \u00fclke genelinde d\u00fczenli olarak izlenmeli ve a\u00e7\u0131klanmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

4- Hava kirlili\u011finin sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerini hesaplamay\u0131 sa\u011flayacak \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131 gibi veriler a\u00e7\u0131klanmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

5- \u00c7evre mevzuat\u0131na uymas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlamayan k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santrallerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin verilmemeli.<\/p>\n

6- End\u00fcstriyel yat\u0131r\u0131mlardan Sa\u011fl\u0131k Etki De\u011ferlendirmesi Raporu istenmeli.<\/p>\n

7- Hava Kirlili\u011fi Mevzuat\u0131 DS\u00d6 k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferleriyle uyumlu hale getirilmeli.<\/p>\n

8- Fosil yak\u0131t desteklerine son verilmeli ve adil ge\u00e7i\u015f planlar\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

9- Alternatif \u00a0enerji kaynaklar\u0131, ula\u015f\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131 desteklenmeli.<\/p>\n

10- Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 STK\u2019lar, meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctleri i\u015fbirli\u011fine gitmeli, korona sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde hava kirlili\u011fini azaltmak i\u00e7in planlar yap\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

RAKAMLARLA HAVA K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/h3>\n

– K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte, alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu kaynakl\u0131 her 6 \u00f6l\u00fcmden 1\u2019i<\/strong> PM2,5 \u00a0<\/sub>maruziyetine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

– D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc verilerine g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnyada yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u0131lda 7 milyonun<\/strong> \u00fczerinde ki\u015fi i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f ortam hava kirlili\u011finden dolay\u0131 hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyor.<\/p>\n

– Havadaki PM2,5 \u00a0<\/sub>partik\u00fcl maddeler akci\u011ferlere ula\u015farak iltihaplanmaya ya da kalp ve akci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131na neden olabiliyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu partik\u00fcllerin havadaki oran\u0131 kirlili\u011fin en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6stergelerinden biri.<\/p>\n

– D\u0131\u015f ortam hava kirlili\u011finin k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte her y\u0131l 4,2 milyon erken \u00f6l\u00fcme neden oluyor. Bu rakam Ebola, HIV\/AIDS, t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz ve s\u0131tma sebebiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin toplam\u0131ndan\u00a02,7 milyon<\/strong> daha fazla.<\/p>\n

– \u0130nce partik\u00fcl madde (PM2.5<\/sub>) yaln\u0131zca Avrupa’da\u00a0her y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k 400 bin ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 4 milyonun<\/strong> \u00fczerinde erken \u00f6l\u00fcme neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

– D\u00fcnyada hava kalitesine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmler son 30 y\u0131lda y\u00fczde 153 artt\u0131.<\/p>\n

– 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnyada\u00a0ilk defa\u00a0<\/strong>hava kirlili\u011fi \u0130ngiltere\u2019de \u2018resmi \u00f6l\u00fcm sebebi\u2019\u00a0<\/strong>kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

– T\u00fcrkiye, hen\u00fcz taslak halinde olan bir y\u00f6netmelik ile AB\u2019nin 2015\u2019te kabul etti\u011fi ve DS\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn yeni a\u00e7\u0131klanan k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferlerinin 5 kat\u0131\u00a0<\/strong>olan kanserojen PM2,5<\/sub> y\u0131ll\u0131k limitine 2029\u2019da<\/strong> ula\u015fmay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/p>\n

– Endonezya, Fransa, Polonya ve \u0130ngiltere<\/strong> gibi pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkede hava kirlili\u011finin olumsuz sa\u011fl\u0131k etkileri nedeniyle bireyler taraf\u0131ndan h\u00fck\u00fcmetlere davalar a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

– Frans\u0131z Mahkemesi, s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmek istenen ast\u0131m hastas\u0131n\u0131n Banglade\u015f\u2019teki hava kirlili\u011fi nedeniyle \u2018hayati tehlike\u2019<\/strong>olu\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul edip \u00fclkesine geri g\u00f6ndermeme karar\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

Detayl\u0131 Bilgi \u0130\u00e7in: http:\/\/www.temizhavahakki.com\/kararapor2021\/<\/a> adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu\u2019nun yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kara Rapor 2021\u2019e g\u00f6re, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki illerin yar\u0131s\u0131nda, yani 42 \u015fehirde kanserojen olan ince partik\u00fcl (PM2.5) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":143093,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[97047,86515,51821,97043,16400,97046,97045,97041,97044,97042],"views":212,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143091"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=143091"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143091\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/143093"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=143091"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=143091"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=143091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}