{"id":141307,"date":"2021-08-31T15:16:43","date_gmt":"2021-08-31T12:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=141307"},"modified":"2021-08-31T15:17:15","modified_gmt":"2021-08-31T12:17:15","slug":"yatirim-insan-iklim-ve-toplum-uzerindeki-etkisi-nedir-sorusu-ile-baslamali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/yatirim-insan-iklim-ve-toplum-uzerindeki-etkisi-nedir-sorusu-ile-baslamali\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Yat\u0131r\u0131m ‘\u0130nsan, \u0130klim ve Toplum \u00dczerindeki Etkisi Nedir?’ Sorusu ile Ba\u015flamal\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Toplum ve \u00e7evre i\u00e7in de\u011fer yaratma ama\u00e7l\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in faaliyet g\u00f6steren EYDK, ormanlar\u0131 koruyan bir etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi olan IFC Orman Tahviline dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz birka\u00e7 y\u0131l, en y\u00fcksek getiri gibi tek boyutlu yat\u0131r\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bir tepki olarak etki \"\"yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fine tan\u0131k oldu. Etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 toplum<\/strong> ve \u00e7evre<\/strong> i\u00e7in de\u011fer katmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Bir di\u011fer deyi\u015fle etki yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> i\u00e7in toplum<\/strong> ve \u00e7evre<\/strong> i\u00e7in de\u011fer yaratma ve finansal getiriyi e\u015fit derecede \u00f6nemli g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Etki Yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu EYDK, bir platform g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rerek T\u00fcrkiye’de bu t\u00fcr etki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesini sa\u011fl\u0131yor. EYDK’n\u0131n i\u015flevleri aras\u0131nda, bir yandan \u00fclke olarak etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 konusunda \u00f6ncelikli alanlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi, di\u011fer yandan da t\u00fcm payda\u015flar\u0131n ortak bir dil etraf\u0131nda birle\u015ftirilerek ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Etki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fczel \u00f6rneklerinden biri: Ormanlar\u0131 koruyan etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Politika geli\u015ftirme ve uygulama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini desteklemek ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 fayda sa\u011flayan k\u00fcresel, b\u00f6lgesel ve yerel ortakl\u0131klar kurma g\u00f6revi de g\u00f6ren EYDK, ormanlar\u0131 koruyan bir etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> \u00f6rne\u011fi olan IFC Orman Tahviline dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. International Finance Corporation<\/strong>‘\u0131n kapsam\u0131nda ihra\u00e7 edilen IFC tahvili<\/strong>, t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk \u00f6rne\u011fi, anapara korumal\u0131<\/strong> sabit getirili bir enstr\u00fcman.<\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere 2021 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n temmuz ve a\u011fustos aylar\u0131nda sadece Manavgat’ta 57 bin hektarl\u0131k orman alan\u0131<\/strong> yang\u0131n sonucu yitirildi. Ancak ormanlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar ne yaz\u0131k ki son zamanlarda d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndemine oturan yang\u0131nlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131<\/strong> kalm\u0131yor. Gezegenimiz her y\u0131l Ankara’n\u0131n<\/strong> y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn iki kat\u0131ndan daha fazla alan\u0131 kaplayan orman\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> kaybediyor.<\/p>\n

Ormans\u0131zla\u015fma<\/strong>, orman arazisindeki a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve o alan\u0131n tar\u0131m, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k veya kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm gibi ba\u015fka bir ama\u00e7 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade ediyor. IFC’ye g\u00f6re, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemde<\/strong> ormans\u0131zla\u015fman\u0131n yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya azalt\u0131labilmesinin 75<\/strong> ile 300 milyar dolar<\/strong> aras\u0131nda mali bir de\u011fere denk olaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Orman Bozulmas\u0131<\/strong> ise, orman\u0131n hala var oldu\u011funu ancak art\u0131k sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. Bozulmaya u\u011frayan bir orman\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, etraf\u0131ndaki insanlar\u0131<\/strong> ve vah\u015fi ya\u015fam\u0131 destekleyemeyecek<\/strong> noktaya gelene kadar zay\u0131flamaya devam eder. World Wildlife Fund for Nature<\/strong>‘a (WWF) g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnyadaki ormanlar\u0131n % 47<\/strong>‘sinin 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar ormans\u0131zla\u015fma<\/strong> veya bozulma riski<\/strong> alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

IFC taraf\u0131ndan ilk kez 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda uygulamaya konan orman tahvili<\/strong>, tahvil sahiplerine karbon kredisi<\/strong> \u015feklinde kupon \u00f6demeyi ama\u00e7layan bir program olarak tasarland\u0131. Kuponun REDD+ kriterlerine uyan projeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla<\/strong> ormanlar\u0131n korumas\u0131n\u0131 desteklemesi ve tahvil sahiplerine nakit veya karbon kredileri se\u00e7ene\u011fi sunmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lan\u0131yor. Bu \u015fekilde desteklenen projelerin ormans\u0131zla\u015fmay\u0131 azaltmas\u0131, nesli t\u00fckenmekte olan bitki<\/strong> ve hayvanlar\u0131 korumas\u0131<\/strong>, belli b\u00f6lgelerdeki topluluklar i\u00e7in s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar geli\u015ftirmesi bekleniyor. IFC’nin AAA derecesinde<\/strong> bir tahvil ihra\u00e7\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olmas\u0131<\/strong> bu tahvilin yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar<\/strong> i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck risk te\u015fkil etmeyen<\/strong> bir yap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bu tahvillerin yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, kupon \u00f6demelerini isterlerse nakit<\/strong> ya da karbon kredisi<\/strong> olarak alabiliyorlar. Yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar, karbon kredilerini<\/strong> kendi sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rlamak<\/strong> i\u00e7in kullanabilecekleri gibi, karbon kredisi piyasas\u0131nda satarak nakite de \u00e7evirebiliyorlar. B\u00f6ylece finansal ve ekolojik hedeflerine dengeli ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir \u015fekilde ula\u015fabiliyorlar.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer yandan tahvil ihrac\u0131yla sistemde toplanan kaynak \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nmay\u0131<\/strong> destekleyen ormanc\u0131l\u0131k projelerine<\/strong> aktar\u0131l\u0131yor ve herkes i\u00e7in bir kazan-kazan durumu<\/strong> yarat\u0131l\u0131yor. Karma finansman y\u00f6ntemiyle kamu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n da tahvil s\u00fcrecinde kullan\u0131labildi\u011fi<\/strong> durumlarda, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ormanc\u0131l\u0131k projelerine<\/strong> aktar\u0131labilecek mebla\u011f ve yarat\u0131lan etki de dolay\u0131s\u0131yla art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 kavram\u0131 nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

D\u00fcnya g\u00fcndeminde 2015 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana<\/strong> ivme kazanan etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0kavram\u0131\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye’de yeni yeni filizleniyor. \u00dclkemizde etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0kavram\u0131n\u0131n temelleri,\u00a0Nisan 2019’da T.C.\u00a0D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri\u00a0Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0ile Birle\u015fmi\u015f\u00a0Milletler Kalk\u0131nma Program\u0131\u00a0(UNDP) T\u00fcrkiye ofisi\u00a0<\/strong>taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na\u00a0karar verilen\u00a0\u201cT\u00fcrkiye’de Etki Yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0Ekosistemi\u201d adl\u0131\u00a0raporun\u00a0tamamlanmas\u0131yla\u00a0at\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye’de etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0potansiyeli ta\u015f\u0131yan payda\u015flar\u0131\u00a0haritalayan ve potansiyel ekosistemin ilk analizini i\u00e7eren bu rapor,\u00a0Kas\u0131m 2019’da T.C. Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0Yat\u0131r\u0131m Ofisi<\/strong>‘nin ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f\u00a0Milletler Kalk\u0131nma Program\u0131\u00a0\u00d6zel Sekt\u00f6r\u00a0Merkezi’nin\u00a0(UNDP IICPSD)<\/strong> katk\u0131lar\u0131yla yay\u0131nland\u0131\u00a0ve 10. Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Zirvesi’nde tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0konusunda \u00fclkemizde yap\u0131lan ilk yay\u0131n olan bu rapor, etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131\u00a0\u201cyeni bir i\u015f\u00a0modeli\u201d<\/strong> olarak tan\u0131t\u0131rken, \u00fclke olarak bu alanda kapasite geli\u015ftirmemizi, sermayeyi etki ekonomisi ba\u011flam\u0131nda y\u00f6nlendirmemizi ve d\u0131\u015fardan sermaye \u00e7ekmemizi sa\u011flayacak \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7\u00a0noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn uluslararas\u0131\u00a0ortama bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0konusunda faaliyet g\u00f6stermeye haz\u0131rlanan bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede bu denli yol g\u00f6sterici bir raporun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0g\u00f6zlemleniyor. S\u00f6z\u00a0konusu raporun yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131n\u0131\u00a0takiben, T.C. D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>‘n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131\u00a0ve T\u00fcrkiye Kalk\u0131nma Yat\u0131r\u0131m Bankas\u0131<\/strong>‘n\u0131n ev sahipli\u011finde Aral\u0131k 2019<\/strong>‘da d\u00fczenlenen ve ilgili t\u00fcm payda\u015flar\u0131n haz\u0131r\u00a0bulundu\u011fu\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015ftay, T\u00fcrkiye’de etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0konusunda at\u0131lacak ad\u0131mlar\u0131n belirlenmesi konusunda bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli kilometre ta\u015f\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0oldu.<\/p>\n

“T\u00fcrkiye’de Etki Yat\u0131r\u0131m Ekosistemi” \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bulgular\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131kan UNDP IICPSD<\/strong>, son olarak Mart 2021’de yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in SKA Yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 Haritas\u0131”<\/strong> ile etki yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131na S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma Ama\u00e7lar\u0131na uyumlu 9<\/strong> \u00f6ncelikli sekt\u00f6r alt\u0131nda 27 yat\u0131r\u0131m<\/strong> alan\u0131\u00a0 f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

EYDK Ba\u015fkan\u0131 \u015eafak M\u00fcderrisgil<\/strong>, k\u00fcresel ortamda, yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n giderek \u201cetki\u201d<\/strong> oda\u011f\u0131na\u00a0evrilmeye\u00a0 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hatta \u201cetki ekonomisi\u201d<\/strong> kavram\u0131n\u0131n giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0vurgulayarak \u015f\u00f6yle dedi:<\/span> \u201cBirle\u015fmi\u015f\u00a0Milletler’in\u00a0S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Kalk\u0131nma\u00a0Ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0ilan etmesinden hemen sonra d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndemine h\u0131zl\u0131\u00a0bir giri\u015f\u00a0yapan etki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a015,2\u00a0milyar dolarla ba\u015flayan potansiyelini bug\u00fcn 2,3 trilyon dolara<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f\u00a0durumda. COVID-19 s\u00fcreci<\/strong>, etki yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n daha da ivme kazanmas\u0131na neden oldu diyebiliriz. K\u00fcresel sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde salt \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0ve\/veya sadece kamu b\u00fct\u00e7esiyle ilerlenemeyece\u011fi art\u0131k biliniyor. Bug\u00fcn art\u0131k bir yat\u0131r\u0131mdan elde edilecek finansal getiriyle birlikte o yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n toplum ve \u00e7evre \u00fczerinde olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131\u00a0katma de\u011ferin de ne olaca\u011f\u0131\u00a0soruluyor. D\u00fcnyada finans sistemleri\u00a0ve\u00a0hukuki d\u00fczenlemeler;\u00a0sosyal ve \u00e7evresel etki kriterlerini esas alarak de\u011fi\u015fmeye, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. EYDK olarak hedefimiz;\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7inde etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0modelinin savunuculu\u011funu yaparak ki\u015filer ve kurumlar nezdinde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 sa\u011flamak, kapasite geli\u015ftirmek ve T\u00fcrkiye’nin etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u00a0konusunda yurt\u00a0d\u0131\u015f\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lan penceresi olmak; bu ama\u00e7la etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n en iyi uygulama \u00f6rneklerini payla\u015f\u0131yoruz. Bir kez kaybedildi\u011finde yerine konmas\u0131 \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7 olan ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma<\/strong> i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n korunmas\u0131<\/strong> i\u00e7in orman tahvilleri<\/strong> gibi \u00f6rnekler \u00fclkemiz i\u00e7in de uyarlanabilecek bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu olabilir.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

*IFC orman tahvilleri bilgisi i\u00e7in: https:\/\/www.ifc.org\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/bb81f7e5-ea3e-4a78-b1c6-3b9c810f62fe\/FINAL+Forests+Bond+Investor+Presentation+10-5_pdf.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=lxOnv97<\/a>\u00a0adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Toplum ve \u00e7evre i\u00e7in de\u011fer yaratma ama\u00e7l\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in faaliyet g\u00f6steren EYDK, ormanlar\u0131 koruyan bir etki yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi olan IFC Orman […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":141311,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[95964,95961,95960,95963,28174,52979,95962,95965,57125],"views":235,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141307"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=141307"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141307\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/141311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=141307"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=141307"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=141307"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}