{"id":136461,"date":"2021-06-10T10:34:47","date_gmt":"2021-06-10T07:34:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=136461"},"modified":"2021-06-10T10:34:47","modified_gmt":"2021-06-10T07:34:47","slug":"marmara-denizi-ndeki-kirlilik-isinma-ve-musilaj-sorunu-konusuldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/marmara-denizi-ndeki-kirlilik-isinma-ve-musilaj-sorunu-konusuldu\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Marmara Denizi’ndeki Kirlilik, Is\u0131nma ve M\u00fcsilaj Sorunu Konu\u015fuldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi \u0130stanbul Politikalar Merkezi (\u0130PM)\u2019nin ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cSalg\u0131n ve Toplum\u201d webinar serisi kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen \u201cMarmara Denizi’nde Neler Oluyor? Kirlilik, Is\u0131nma ve M\u00fcsilaj Sorunu\u201d temal\u0131 toplant\u0131da, Marmara Denizi\u2019nde ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler ele al\u0131nd\u0131. Toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131lan uzmanlar, Marmara Denizi\u2019ndeki y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n bir i\u00e7 denizin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc oldu\u011fu ve bu t\u00fcr \u00e7evresel felaketlerin beklenmedik yeni salg\u0131nlara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi \u0130stanbul Politikalar Merkezi\u2019nin (\u0130PM)<\/strong> ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cSalg\u0131n ve Toplum\u201d<\/strong> webinar serisi kapsam\u0131nda \u201cMarmara Denizi’nde Neler Oluyor? Kirlilik, Is\u0131nma ve M\u00fcsilaj Sorunu<\/strong>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 toplant\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. Moderat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130PM Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Akademik \u0130li\u015fkiler Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc \"\"Senem Ayd\u0131n D\u00fczgit<\/strong>\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 webinar\u2019\u0131n konu\u015fmac\u0131lar\u0131 Sevin\u00e7-Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Vakf\u0131<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen MAREM (Marmara Denizi’nin De\u011fi\u015fen O\u015finografik \u015eartlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130zlenmesi) Proje Lideri Levent Art\u00fcz<\/strong> ve \u0130PM \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong> Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc \u00dcmit \u015eahin<\/strong> oldu. Webinarda son d\u00f6nemde Marmara Denizi’nde ya\u015fanan \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler ele al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u201cMarmara Denizi\u2019nde bir denizin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne tan\u0131kl\u0131k<\/strong> ediyoruz\u201d diyen Senem Ayd\u0131n D\u00fczgit<\/strong>, \u201cBu durumun nedenleri biraz k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma<\/strong> ama \u00e7o\u011funlukla<\/strong> insanlar\u0131n y\u00f6netim yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>, hatalar\u0131 veya bile bile yap\u0131lan politikalar<\/strong> olabilir belki de\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n

MAREM Proje Lideri Levent Art\u00fcz<\/strong>, Marmara Denizi\u2019nin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumuna gelmesinde 1980\u2019lerde ba\u015flanan yanl\u0131\u015f projeler ve \u00f6zellikle 2000\u2019lerden sonra bu gidi\u015fat\u0131n h\u0131zlanmas\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131 oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekti. Konu ile ilgili Levent Art\u00fcz, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/span> \u201cHali\u00e7\u2019in temizlenmesi projesi<\/strong> kapsam\u0131nda 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda ar\u0131tma ve ta\u015f\u0131ma projeleri olmadan, alt ak\u0131nt\u0131lar ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 bant olarak kullan\u0131larak kirli suyun Karadeniz\u2019e bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 projesi ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Oysa bu ak\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n sadece % 10<\/strong>\u2019unun, sadece Karadeniz\u2019e ge\u00e7ti\u011fi biliniyordu. Bunun olmayaca\u011f\u0131 biliniyordu ama bu fikirde diretildi. Sonra ne oldu? 1989\u2019da<\/strong> bal\u0131k \u00f6l\u00fcmleri<\/strong> ya\u015fand\u0131. T\u00fcm deniz canl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> bu d\u00f6nemde kaybettik. Bal\u0131klar\u0131n bo\u011fularak \u00f6lmesi<\/strong> olarak bu olay literat\u00fcre ge\u00e7ti. Marmara Denizi\u2019nde<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fck bir katliam oldu. T\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi kayboldu. 90\u2019lardan itibaren<\/strong> Marmara\u2019da deniz analar\u0131ndan adac\u0131klar olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, orkinos<\/strong> gibi ciddi ekonomik de\u011fere ve ekosistem i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan bal\u0131klar\u0131n avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadan kalkt\u0131. Di\u011fer bal\u0131klarda boy k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmeleri oldu. Ar\u0131tmadan yap\u0131lan de\u015farjlardan dolay\u0131 Marmara Denizi bulan\u0131kla\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma<\/strong> Karadeniz\u2019de 1 dereceyken<\/strong> Marmara 2.5 \u2013 3 derece<\/strong> \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131. Bu \u0131s\u0131nma b\u00f6yle devam ediyor.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda bug\u00fcnk\u00fcne benzer bir m\u00fcsilajla<\/strong> kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Levent Art\u00fcz, \u201cYap\u0131s\u0131 biraz daha farkl\u0131yd\u0131 ama bu kadar yayg\u0131nla\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok ilgi oda\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131. 2011\u2019den itibaren<\/strong> istilac\u0131 t\u00fcrleri g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131k. 2017\u2019de art\u0131k Marmara mikroplastik kirlili\u011fi<\/strong>nde d\u00fcnya 2’incili\u011fine y\u00fckseldi. Sonunda 2021\u2019de<\/strong> bug\u00fcn ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z olayla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131k\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n

Levent Art\u00fcz, felaketin g\u00f6z g\u00f6re geldi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekerek, s\u00f6zlerine \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/span> \u201c1989\u2019da birinci fazda t\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini erozyona u\u011fratt\u0131k. Kirlili\u011fin ikinci faz\u0131nda<\/strong> ise t\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortamda mevcut t\u00fcrlerde art\u0131\u015f oldu. Rekabet \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesinden<\/strong> dolay\u0131 mevcut t\u00fcrler artt\u0131. Bu t\u00fcrlerden biri aradan s\u0131yr\u0131l\u0131p akla hayale gelmeyen k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede bolla\u015f\u0131yor, sonra k\u0131r\u0131ma u\u011fray\u0131p<\/strong> \u00f6l\u00fcyor. Bu t\u00fcr \u00f6l\u00fcnce h\u00fccre i\u00e7i s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 ortama<\/strong> yay\u0131ld\u0131. Bu s\u0131v\u0131lar sudan farkl\u0131 yo\u011funlu\u011fa sahip oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7alkalan\u0131p y\u00fczd\u00fc, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ortamdaki kat\u0131 at\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong> i\u00e7ine alarak derinlere indi. 1272 metrelerde<\/strong> bile m\u00fcsilaja rastl\u0131yoruz.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0130PM \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc \u00dcmit \u015eahin<\/strong> de bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n bu konuda y\u0131llard\u0131r yapt\u0131klar\u0131 uyar\u0131lara ra\u011fmen sorunun son bir ayd\u0131r g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fini, \u00c7evre Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131n da bir haftad\u0131r harekete ge\u00e7ti\u011fini belirterek, \u201c\u00c7evre sorunlar\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6rebilece\u011fimiz bir d\u00fczeye ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve sosyal medyada<\/strong> konu\u015fulunca yetkililer acil bir durum oldu\u011funu<\/strong> fark ediyor. Bu, en \u00f6nemli sorunumuz bence. Felaket g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri olmasayd\u0131, Marmara Denizi\u2019nin<\/strong> dibi m\u00fcsilaj kapl\u0131 olsayd\u0131, yine bir \u015fey yap\u0131lmayacakt\u0131. Bu durum, \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler<\/strong> ve infial yaratan<\/strong> bir durum olmadan \u00e7evre meselesini konu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve devletin de bu konuda harekete ge\u00e7me konusunda acelesinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/strong>nin, insan kaynakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7eken \u00dcmit \u015eahin<\/strong>, \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu:<\/span> \u201cBiz Marmara Denizi\u2019nde ya\u015fanan \u00e7evre y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na \u2018denize giremiyoruz, kokuyor, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kirlili\u011fi var, bal\u0131k yiyemiyoruz\u2019 diye kendimizce bak\u0131yoruz. Oysa 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r<\/strong> ciddi bir ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m ya\u015fan\u0131yor. B\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar ortadan kalk\u0131yor ama biz do\u011fan\u0131n haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermedi\u011fimiz, ekosisteme ya\u015fam hakk\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>m\u0131z i\u00e7in bu meseleleri son noktada gelindi\u011finde \u00e7\u00f6zmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. Sera gazlar\u0131yla atmosferi<\/strong> at\u0131k deposuna \u00e7evirmekle, Marmara Denizi\u2019ni sanayi<\/strong> ve evsel at\u0131klar\u0131yla<\/strong> \u00e7\u00f6pl\u00fc\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek ayn\u0131. Denizler \u0131s\u0131nsa bile Marmara Denizi\u2019ni at\u0131k \u00e7ukuruna \u00e7evirmeseydik bu olayla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma ihtimalimiz \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olacakt\u0131. K\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma tetikleyici<\/strong> olsa da bunun as\u0131l kayna\u011f\u0131 insan.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00c7evre Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Eylem Plan\u0131<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131 da de\u011ferlendiren \u00dcmit \u015eahin, \u201cMarmara Denizi\u2019nin koruma alan\u0131 ilan edilmesi \u00f6nemli ama bunun nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, ne kadar finansman gerekece\u011fi<\/strong> ve s\u00fcresi belli de\u011fil. Kanal \u0130stanbul<\/strong>\u2019un getirece\u011fi yeni n\u00fcfus da kirlili\u011fi<\/strong> art\u0131racakt\u0131r\u201d dedi.\u00a0Levent Art\u00fcz<\/strong> de Eylem Plan\u0131<\/strong>\u2019nda ilk kez Marmara\u2019n\u0131n kirletildi\u011finin konsesus<\/strong> olarak ortaya konulmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu belirterek, Marmara Denizi<\/strong>\u2019nin koruma alan\u0131na ili\u015fkin hukuksal altyap\u0131n\u0131n acilen ortaya konulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Art\u00fcz,\u00a0\u201cMarmara Denizi<\/strong>\u00a01989\u2019da \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bundan ders \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p benzer projelerden<\/strong> vazge\u00e7meliyiz\u201d<\/em> dedi.<\/p>\n