{"id":130660,"date":"2021-03-05T14:03:06","date_gmt":"2021-03-05T11:03:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=130660"},"modified":"2021-03-05T14:08:52","modified_gmt":"2021-03-05T11:08:52","slug":"kitap-modern-felsefe-nin-yukselisi-inceleniyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/kitap-modern-felsefe-nin-yukselisi-inceleniyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Kitap: Modern Felsefenin Y\u00fckseli\u015fi \u0130nceleniyor!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Vak\u0131fBank K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 \u201cAyd\u0131nlanma R\u00fcyas\u0131: Modern Felsefenin Y\u00fckseli\u015fi\u201d isimli eseri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de ilk kez yay\u0131ml\u0131yor. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarih\u00e7isi Anthony Gottlieb kitapta, filozoflar\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla geli\u015fen zihin devrimini incelerken, ahlak felsefesi, toplumsal d\u00fczen ve dinsel ya\u015fam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011ferlendiriyor<\/strong>.<\/h1>\n

Vak\u0131fBank K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (VBKY)<\/strong> T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de ilk kez okurla bulu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u201cAyd\u0131nlanma \"\"R\u00fcyas\u0131: Modern Felsefenin Y\u00fckseli\u015fi\u201d<\/strong>, yakla\u015f\u0131k 150 y\u0131ll\u0131k<\/strong> bir d\u00f6nemi filozoflar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriyle ele al\u0131yor. \u0130ngiliz fikir tarih\u00e7isi Anthony Gottlieb kitab\u0131nda, 2 bin 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k<\/strong> bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip Bat\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin R\u00f6nesans\u2019tan sonraki 2’inci b\u00fcy\u00fck entelekt\u00fcel s\u00fcreci<\/strong> olan Ayd\u0131nlanma \u00c7a\u011f\u0131<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiriyor. Gottlieb<\/strong>, filozoflar\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla Avrupa<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ikliminde<\/strong> nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zihin devriminin ba\u015flay\u0131p geli\u015fti\u011fini anlat\u0131rken, Descartes, Hobbes, Leibniz<\/strong> ve Voltaire<\/strong> gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrleri ya\u015famlar\u0131ndan fikirlerine kadar inceliyor.<\/p>\n

150 y\u0131ll\u0131k keskin bir d\u00f6nem<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u00e7evirisini Cansen Mavituna<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitapta Gottlieb, Bat\u0131 felsefesi k\u00fclliyat\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n, her birinin 150 y\u0131l s\u00fcren<\/strong> k\u0131sa ve keskin iki patlamayla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Gottlieb, \u201cBunlardan ilki Sokrates, Platon<\/strong> ve Aristoteles<\/strong>\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Atina\u2019da, M.\u00d6. 5.<\/strong> y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortas\u0131ndan 4’\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n<\/strong> sonlar\u0131na dek s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Din sava\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Galileo biliminin y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011fi s\u0131ralarda Kuzey Avrupa\u2019da ya\u015fanan ikinci d\u00f6nemse 1630<\/strong>\u2019lardan 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n<\/strong> sonlar\u0131ndaki Frans\u0131z Devrimi<\/strong>\u2019nin arifesine kadar devam etti. Bu nispeten k\u0131sa s\u00fcren d\u00f6neme, Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Leibniz, Hume, Rousseau<\/strong> ve Voltaire<\/strong> damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurdu\u201d<\/em> s\u00f6zlerini kaydediyor.<\/p>\n

Descartes ve ineklerin i\u00e7 organlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Gottlieb, Descartes\u2019\u0131n (1596-1650) salt kendi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak tamamen yeni bir bilgi sistemine ula\u015fmak<\/strong> i\u00e7in biraz dolayl\u0131 bir yol kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu yolun pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Gottlieb, \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor: \u201cDescartes, metafizikle de\u011fil de cebirin geometriye uygulanmas\u0131 ve ineklerin i\u00e7 organlar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma gibi meselelerle daha \u00e7ok ilgilenmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. 1630 y\u0131l\u0131<\/strong> civar\u0131nda Amsterdam\u2019da ya\u015farken kasaplara u\u011fray\u0131p kesip incelemek \u00fczere hayvan cesetleri topluyordu. G\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131na getirdi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klama, deneysel bilim alan\u0131nda bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 oldu ve \u00fcstelik hemen hemen do\u011fruydu.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

En \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fclenen filozof Hobbes<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Thomas Hobbes<\/strong>\u2019un Britanya\u2019n\u0131n en \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fclenen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fc haline geldi\u011finin kaydeden Gottlieb, \u201c91 y\u0131ll\u0131k uzun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan 1679 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fc; \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonraki y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca kendi \u00fclkesinden bir taraftar\u0131 da olmad\u0131\u2026\u201d diyor. \u201cHobbes, kiliselerin tehlikeli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde iktidar ve n\u00fcfuz talep etmeye meyleden \u00f6zerkli\u011fine de kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve do\u011fal olarak din adamlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6fkelendirdi. T\u0131pk\u0131 Descartes ve Galileo\u2019nun \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fi \u2018yeni felsefenin\u2019 di\u011fer merakl\u0131lar\u0131 gibi Hobbes da do\u011fay\u0131 bir makine olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc.\u201d<\/em> Gottlieb, \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor: \u201cFakat bu fikri di\u011fer felsefecilerden \u00e7ok daha ileri g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc ve her \u015feyin fiziksel oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc.\u201d<\/p>\n

23 ya\u015f\u0131nda aforoz edilen Spinoza<\/strong><\/h2>\n

27 Temmuz 1656<\/strong>\u2019da Amsterdam<\/strong>\u2019daki Portekiz-Yahudi cemaati<\/strong>nin Spinoza\u2019y\u0131<\/strong> aforoz etti\u011fin s\u00f6yleyen Gottlieb, \u201cSpinoza aforoz edildi\u011finde 23 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131<\/strong> ve bir zamanlar gelecek vaat eden bir Kitab-\u0131 Mukaddes \u00e2limi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu\u201d diyor. Gottlieb<\/strong>, devam\u0131nda \u015fu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 kaydediyor:<\/span> \u201cDo\u011faya g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi h\u00fcrmetten dolay\u0131 Spinoza\u2019y\u0131<\/strong> zihinsel atalar\u0131 belleyen Alman yazarlar, 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda onu yeniden ke\u015ffedene kadar felsefe d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n istenmeyen adam\u0131 olarak kald\u0131… Spinoza \u015f\u00f6yle yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Do\u011faya g\u00fczellik, \u00e7irkinlik, d\u00fczen<\/strong> veya karma\u015fa<\/strong> atfetmiyorum. Bir \u015feylerin g\u00fczel, \u00e7irkin, d\u00fczenli<\/strong> veya karma\u015f\u0131k<\/strong> oldu\u011funu sadece kendi tahayy\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcz bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Leibniz\u2019in eserleri 200 y\u0131lda yay\u0131nlan\u0131r<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1646\u2019da<\/strong> Leipzig\u2019de do\u011fup 1716 y\u0131l\u0131nda<\/strong> \u00f6len Gottfried Leibniz<\/strong>\u2019in Aristoteles\u2019ten sonra ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck hezarfen oldu\u011funun bilgisini veren Gottlieb, \u201cFelsefenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra matematik, mant\u0131k<\/strong> ve fizik<\/strong> alanlar\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla an\u0131lsa da bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n bile sadece onda biri yay\u0131nland\u0131. Leibniz ayr\u0131ca \u00f6nc\u00fc nitelikte bir mekanik hesap makinesi<\/strong> icat etti; daha sonra dijital bilgisayarlar\u0131n temeli<\/strong> haline gelen, 1<\/strong> ve 0<\/strong>\u2019lardan olu\u015fan ikili aritmeti\u011fi geli\u015ftirdi. Leibniz\u2019in katibi<\/strong>, patronundan kalan k\u00fclliyat\u0131n bir milyon sayfadan fazla oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti\u2026 \u015eu anki ilerleme h\u0131z\u0131yla hesaplan\u0131rsa, Leibniz\u2019in t\u00fcm eserlerinin yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 iki y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 alacakt\u0131r\u201d<\/em> de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Anthony Gottlieb kimdir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0130ngiliz<\/strong> d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarih\u00e7isi Anthony Gottlieb<\/strong> 1956\u2019da do\u011fdu. Gonville<\/strong> and Caius College<\/strong>, Cambridge<\/strong> ve University College London<\/strong>\u2019da (UCL) \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fc. 1984-2006 y\u0131llar\u0131<\/strong> aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 The Economist Dergisi\u2019nin uzun y\u0131llar boyunca yaz\u0131 i\u015fleri m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yapan Gottlieb, Harvard ve New York \u00fcniversitelerinde misafir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131. Oxford All Souls College\u2019da da \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Gottlieb, City University of New York\u2019ta (CUNY) ve yine New York\u2019taki ihtisas okulu New School\u2019da lisans\u00fcst\u00fc dersler verdi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Vak\u0131fBank K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 \u201cAyd\u0131nlanma R\u00fcyas\u0131: Modern Felsefenin Y\u00fckseli\u015fi\u201d isimli eseri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de ilk kez yay\u0131ml\u0131yor. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarih\u00e7isi Anthony Gottlieb kitapta, filozoflar\u0131n tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla geli\u015fen […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":130663,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,4],"tags":[87562,52259,54575,79332],"views":161,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130660"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130660"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130660\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130660"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}