{"id":130568,"date":"2021-03-04T13:11:21","date_gmt":"2021-03-04T10:11:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=130568"},"modified":"2021-03-04T13:11:21","modified_gmt":"2021-03-04T10:11:21","slug":"iklim-krizi-nin-aciliyetine-karsi-emisyon-azaltimi-10-kat-artmali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/iklim-krizi-nin-aciliyetine-karsi-emisyon-azaltimi-10-kat-artmali\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) \u0130klim Krizinin Aciliyetine Kar\u015f\u0131 Emisyon Azalt\u0131m\u0131 10 Kat Artmal\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

‘COVID sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde fosil CO2 emisyonlar\u0131<\/strong>‘ isimli makale, 2016-2019 d\u00f6neminde 64 \u00fclkenin CO2 emisyonlar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadele etmeyi ama\u00e7layan Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n hedeflerine uyum sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in azalt\u0131m miktar\u0131n\u0131n 10 kat artmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor.<\/h1>\n

East Anglia \u00dcniversitesi (University of East Anglia, UEA)<\/strong>, Stanford \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong> ve K\u00fcresel Karbon Projesi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ve bu konuda k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ilk de\u011ferlendirme olarak nitelendirilen ara\u015ft\u0131rma, 2015<\/strong>‘te kabul edilen Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>‘ndan bu yana fosil CO2 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> azalt\u0131m\u0131ndaki ilerlemeyi ele al\u0131yor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu sonu\u00e7lar, Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda Glasgow’da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek \u00f6nemli Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \"\"iklim zirvesi (COP26)<\/strong> \u00f6ncesinde, \u00e7ok daha iddial\u0131 iklim hedeflerin<\/strong> olan ihtiyac\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

Her y\u0131l azalt\u0131lan 0,16 milyar<\/strong> ton CO2<\/strong>\u2019lik emisyon miktar\u0131, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadele<\/strong> kapsam\u0131nda her y\u0131l k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan 1-2 milyar ton CO2 azalt\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca %10’unu<\/strong> olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131ndan sonraki d\u00f6nemde emisyonlar 64<\/strong> \u00fclkede azal\u0131rken, 150<\/strong> \u00fclkede art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi. 2016-2019 d\u00f6nemindeki<\/strong> k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki karbon emisyonu, 2011-2015 d\u00f6nemi<\/strong> ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u0131ll\u0131k 0,21 milyar ton artm\u0131\u015f<\/strong> durumda.<\/p>\n

2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda, COVID-19 k\u00fcresel salg\u0131n\u0131yla<\/strong> m\u00fccadele<\/strong> kapsam\u0131ndaki k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar, k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte emisyonlar\u0131n 2,6 milyar ton<\/strong> CO2 azalmas\u0131<\/strong>na ve 2019\u2019daki seviyesinden yakla\u015f\u0131k %7<\/strong> gerilemesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda<\/strong>, \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde fosil yak\u0131tlara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i \u015fekilde devam edemeyecek bir “duraklama noktas\u0131<\/strong>” ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131s\u0131tlama politikalar\u0131n\u0131n iklim krizini \u00e7\u00f6zmeye<\/strong> y\u00f6nelik s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ya da arzu edilen bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm sunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiriyor.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n liderli\u011fini \u00fcstlenen ve UEA \u00c7evre Bilimleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong>\u2019nde g\u00f6rev yapan Prof Corinne Le Qu\u00e9r\u00e9<\/strong>, \u2018Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131’<\/strong>n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131ndan bu yana \u00fclkelerin emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> kapsam\u0131ndaki \u00e7abalar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vermeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Ancak bu kapsamda uygulamaya konan faaliyetlerin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi hen\u00fcz yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fil ve halen bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede emisyon art\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong> ya\u015fan\u0131yor,\u2019 diyor.<\/p>\n

\u201cCOVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131yla m\u00fccadele<\/strong> kapsam\u0131nda uygulamaya konan \u00f6nlemlerin sonucunda CO2 emisyonlar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fanmas\u0131, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadele<\/strong> kapsam\u0131nda gereken ad\u0131mlar\u0131n ve uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011finin \u00f6nemini vurguluyor. Art\u0131k insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> ve gezegenin<\/strong> gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in fayda sa\u011flayacak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli uygulamalara ihtiya\u00e7 duyuyoruz,\u2019 diyor.<\/p>\n

“Toparlanma s\u00fcrecini, temiz enerjiye dayal\u0131 enerji d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc h\u0131zland\u0131rmak \u00fczere in\u015fa etmek herkese fayda sa\u011fl\u0131yor,\u2019 diyor.<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>‘n\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 1,5\u00b0C<\/strong> ila 2\u00b0C<\/strong> ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma hedefi, 2020\u2019ler<\/strong> boyunca ve sonraki y\u0131llarda y\u0131ll\u0131k 1-2 milyar ton CO2<\/strong>\u2019lik azalt\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 duyuyor. Sanayi Devrimi’nden bu yana gezegenimiz, insan faaliyetleri kaynakl\u0131 sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131 nedeniyle 1\u00b0C<\/strong>‘nin \u00fczerinde \u0131s\u0131nm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek gelire sahip 36<\/strong> \u00fclkenin 25<\/strong>‘inin emisyonlar\u0131nda, 2016-2019 d\u00f6nemi<\/strong>nde 2011-2015’e<\/strong> k\u0131yasla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fand\u0131. Bu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda ABD<\/strong> (ortalama y\u0131ll\u0131k %-0,7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f), Avrupa Birli\u011fi<\/strong> (%-0,9) ve \u0130ngiltere<\/strong> (%-3,6) yer al\u0131yor. Bu \u00fclkelerde, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde \u00fcretilen ithal mallar\u0131n karbon ayak izi<\/strong>nin hesaba kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumda dahi emisyonlar\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

99 \u00fcst-orta gelirli<\/strong> \u00fclkenin otuzunda, 2016-2019 d\u00f6nemi<\/strong>nde 2011-2015’e<\/strong> k\u0131yasla emisyonlar azald\u0131. Bu durum, emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ad\u0131mlar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede uygulamaya kondu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Meksika<\/strong> (%-1,3) \u00fcst-orta gelirli \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda dikkat \u00e7eken bir \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u00c7in’in<\/strong> emisyonlar\u0131 ise % 0,4<\/strong> art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterse de bu art\u0131\u015f, 2011-2015 y\u0131llar\u0131<\/strong> aras\u0131nda kaydedilen y\u0131ll\u0131k % 6,2<\/strong>‘lik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeden \u00e7ok daha s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadeleye<\/strong> y\u00f6nelik kanunlardaki ve yasal d\u00fczenlemelerdeki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n, 2016-2019 d\u00f6neminde<\/strong> ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen emisyon art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 2000’den fazla iklim kanunu ve iklim politikas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015f durumda.<\/strong><\/p>\n

2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda COVID \u00f6ncesi emisyon seviyelerine tamamen geri d\u00f6n\u00fclmesi olas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Ancak makalenin yazarlar\u0131, COVID-19 sonras\u0131 ekonomik toparlanma programlar\u0131n\u0131n, yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 temiz enerjiye<\/strong> ve ye\u015fil ekonomiye<\/strong> y\u00f6nlendirmedi\u011fi durumda, emisyonlar\u0131n birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde yeniden artmaya ba\u015flayabilece\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda<\/strong> \u00f6zellikle karayolu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> etkileyen k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar, elektrikli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kentlerde y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f<\/strong> ve bisiklet kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> te\u015fvik edilmesi sonucu halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi anlam\u0131na geliyor. Yenilenebilir enerji teknolojilerinin kriz boyunca g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong>, maliyetlerinin d\u00fc\u015fmesi ve hava kalitesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 faydalar, bu teknolojilerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 desteklemek \u00fczere \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan yan faydalar aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede COVID sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde<\/strong> ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen yat\u0131r\u0131mlar, iklim taahh\u00fctlerine<\/strong> ayk\u0131r\u0131 olan fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n hakimiyetinde devam ediyor. Bu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri<\/strong> ve \u00c7in<\/strong> de yer al\u0131yor. Avrupa Birli\u011fi, Danimarka, Fransa, \u0130ngiltere, Almanya<\/strong> ve \u0130svi\u00e7re<\/strong>, fosil yak\u0131tlara s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m yaparken, olduk\u00e7a kapsaml\u0131 ye\u015fil te\u015fvik paketlerini uygulamaya<\/strong> koyan \u00fclkeler olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Makalenin yazarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan ve Stanford \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong>‘nde g\u00f6rev yapan Prof. Rob Jackson<\/strong>, \u2018\u00dclkelerin y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon hedefine<\/strong> y\u00f6nelik taahh\u00fctlerinin artmas\u0131, Glasgow’da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek 26’\u0131nc\u0131 Taraflar Toplant\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>\u2019nda (Convention of Parties, COP26) ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan iddial\u0131 hedefleri destekler nitelikte. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck emisyon \u00fcreticileri olan \u00c7in, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve Avrupa Komisyonu, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadelenin daha etkin \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesini destekliyor<\/strong>,\u2019 diyor.<\/p>\n

Prof. Rob Jackson<\/strong> ayn\u0131 zamanda, “Taahh\u00fctler tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli de\u011fil. \u00dclkeler \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 10 y\u0131l<\/strong> i\u00e7erisinde COVID sonras\u0131 te\u015fvikleri<\/strong>ni, bilimsel bilgiye<\/strong> ve g\u00fcvenilir uygulama planlar\u0131<\/strong>na dayal\u0131 \u015fekilde y\u00f6nlendirerek, bu te\u015fvikleri iklim hedefleriyle uyumla\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131<\/strong> gerekiyor,\u2019<\/em> diyor.<\/p>\n

Prof. Le Qu\u00e9r\u00e9<\/strong> \u2018Azalan zaman, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda iklim krizi kaynakl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hava olaylar\u0131n<\/strong> ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla, bir bask\u0131 unsuru olarak s\u00fcrekli kendini hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor,\u2019<\/em> diyor.<\/p>\n

\u00dclke \u00f6zelinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma imkan\u0131 sunan ve emisyon azalt\u0131m\u0131<\/strong> konusundaki ilerlemeyi g\u00f6steren g\u00fcncel emisyon verilerine eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak \u00fczere UEA’da g\u00f6rev yapan Anthony De-Gol<\/strong> bir uygulama olu\u015fturdu:https:\/\/enactivescience.com\/gcp\/<\/a><\/p>\n

‘COVID sonras\u0131<\/strong> d\u00f6nemde fosil CO2 emisyonlar\u0131<\/strong>‘ ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makale, 3 Mart 2021<\/strong>‘de Nature Climate Change’de yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. ‘COVID sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde fosil CO2 emisyonlar\u0131‘ isimli makale, 2016-2019 d\u00f6neminde 64 \u00fclkenin CO2 emisyonlar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadele etmeyi ama\u00e7layan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":130571,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,52],"tags":[87470,87469,46027,54711,60656,87471,87472,71416,87468,52259,10921,27427,87473,57125,5873],"views":69,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130568"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130568"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130568\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130568"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}