{"id":13036,"date":"2013-07-15T12:13:00","date_gmt":"2013-07-15T09:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=13036"},"modified":"2013-07-15T12:13:00","modified_gmt":"2013-07-15T09:13:00","slug":"dunya-aradigi-ucuz-ve-temiz-enerjiye-ne-kadar-yakin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/dunya-aradigi-ucuz-ve-temiz-enerjiye-ne-kadar-yakin\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) D\u00fcnya, Arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ucuz Ve Temiz Enerjiye Ne Kadar Yak\u0131n?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn yumurtalar\u0131 asl\u0131nda ayn\u0131 sepette duruyor. Her \u015feyimizi ama her \u015feyimizi, refah\u0131m\u0131zdan konforumuza, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n gelece\u011finden kendi bug\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar her \u015feyimizi enerjiye, enerji kaynaklar\u0131na ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f durumday\u0131z. Eskiden devletler birbirleriyle de\u011ferli maden kaynaklar\u0131 veya di\u011fer maddi \u00e7\u0131karlar i\u00e7in sava\u015f\u0131rlarm\u0131\u015f; bug\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir gelecekte temel m\u00fccadele ise enerjiye eri\u015fim i\u00e7in…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bilim, uzun zamandan beri bu m\u00fccadeleyi sona erdirecek veya yeni bir boyuta ta\u015f\u0131yacak bulu\u015flar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Ucuz ve temiz enerji ar\u0131yor d\u00fcnya. 50\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren n\u00fckleer enerji yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ucuz ve temiz enerjinin bulundu\u011fu san\u0131ld\u0131. Ama ortada kocaman bir n\u00fckleer at\u0131k sorunu vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>N\u00fckleer santrallar, zenginle\u015ftirilmi\u015f uranyum kullan\u0131yor. Bu uranyum santralda plutonyuma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Plutonyumdan da ya n\u00fckleer sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131yorsunuz ya da at\u0131k olarak sakl\u0131yorsunuz. Plutonyum binlerce y\u0131l boyunca radyoaktif, yani insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tehlikeli kalmaya devam ediyor. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunu d\u00fcnya \u00e7\u00f6zemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, n\u00fckleer santrallar her yerde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor, her yerde ele\u015ftiriliyor. Gelecek ku\u015faklara b\u0131rak\u0131lan k\u00f6t\u00fc miras y\u00fcz\u00fcnden.<\/p>\n

Bir s\u00fcreden beri \u00f6nerilen bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm var. K\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde, yani teoride iyi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm gibi g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Ama \u0130ngiltere\u2019de ilgili bilimsel otorite bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn pratikte i\u015flemeyece\u011fine dair tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir rapor yazd\u0131. Amerika\u2019da k\u0131smen bu konuyla ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar var.<\/p>\n

Ama en b\u00fcy\u00fck atak, beklenmedik bir yerden, Norve\u00e7\u2019ten geldi.<\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer at\u0131k sorununu da \u00e7\u00f6zecek teorik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, santrallarda toryum kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyor. Do\u011fada uranyumdan fazla bulunan toryumun Toryum-231 adl\u0131 izotopu asl\u0131nda n\u00fckleer reaksiyon ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fil. O y\u00fczden bu toryum-oksite n\u00fckleer art\u0131k olan plutonyumun oksitlenmi\u015f versiyonundan y\u00fczde 10 oran\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131yor ve n\u00fckleer santrallar i\u00e7in yak\u0131t \u00e7ubu\u011fu yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Norve\u00e7li Thor Enerji firmas\u0131 Toryum MOX (Mixed Oksite) ad\u0131 verilen yeni materyalle yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ubuklar\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir santral\u0131 yapt\u0131 ve bunu be\u015f y\u0131l boyunca deneyecek.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olursa, ortaya n\u00fckleer at\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmayaca\u011f\u0131 gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n mevcut n\u00fckleer at\u0131klar\u0131 da bu yolla geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olacak. Toryum, ad\u0131n\u0131 Norve\u00e7 mitolojisindeki tanr\u0131 Thor\u2019dan al\u0131yor. Eh Norve\u00e7li \u015firketin ad\u0131 da Thor<\/p>\n

Bakal\u0131m Thor be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k denemeden nas\u0131l \u00e7\u0131kacak\u2026<\/p>\n

\u2018Evde so\u011fuk f\u00fczyonu ba\u015fard\u0131m\u2019 diyen adam<\/h2>\n

Mevcut n\u00fckleer santral teknolojimiz \u00e7ekirdek b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi, yani fizyon \u00fczerine kurulu.<\/p>\n

Ama bir de g\u00fcne\u015fin enerji \u00fcretmede kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntem var: \u00c7ekirdek birle\u015fmesi, yani f\u00fczyon.<\/p>\n

Hidrojen bombas\u0131 mesela iki hidrojen atomunun birle\u015fmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan muazzam enerjiyi kullanan feci \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc bir silah.<\/p>\n

Tabii iki atomu birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in de asl\u0131nda muazzam \u00f6l\u00e7ekte enerji kullanmak gerekiyor. O y\u00fczde f\u00fczyona dayal\u0131 n\u00fckleer santral pratikte pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fcyor. Ama yine de, oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya kontrol edilebilir ortamda \u00e7ekirdek kayna\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak y\u00f6ntemlerin aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 da s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Bu alanda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar var; ciddi ilerlemeler de var ama hen\u00fcz ticari hale gelmi\u015f bir \u015fey yok.<\/p>\n

Devletlerin devasa b\u00fct\u00e7elerle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri so\u011fuk f\u00fczyon ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131yla ilgili \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki haftalarda daha geni\u015f bilgiler verece\u011fim. Bug\u00fcn size tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir adamdan, bir \u0130talyan\u2019dan s\u00f6z edece\u011fim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu adam epey bir s\u00fcreden beri so\u011fuk f\u00fczyonu ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyor. Ba\u015fta ciddiye al\u0131nmad\u0131 ama o y\u0131lmad\u0131, \u015fimdi aletini ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z incelemeye a\u00e7may\u0131 da kabul etti.<\/p>\n

Andrea Rossi adl\u0131 bu \u0130talyan\u2019\u0131n y\u00f6ntemi, iki hidrojeni birle\u015ftirip helyum yapmaktan daha farkl\u0131. O iyonize edilmi\u015f, yani yegane elektronundan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131p sadece protonu b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hidrojeni nikel atomlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine yolluyor ve b\u00f6ylece atom numaras\u0131 28 olan nikeli bak\u0131ra (29) \u00e7eviriyor, arada da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan enerjiyi elde ediyor.<\/p>\n

So\u011fuk f\u00fczyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ok yava\u015f hareket eden n\u00f6tronlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve bu sayede de atomlar\u0131n iyonizasyonundan do\u011fan radyoaktivite veya radyoaktif at\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131yor. Yani f\u00fczyon \u00e7ok g\u00fcvenli ve tertemiz enerji vaat ediyor bize.<\/p>\n

Peki ama Andrea Rossi\u2019nin \u2018alet\u2019i ve y\u00f6ntemi i\u015fe yar\u0131yor mu? En \u00f6nemli nokta, f\u00fczyonu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in verilen enerjiden daha fazla enerji elde edilip edilmedi\u011fi. NASA nikel ve hidrojenle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 testte verdi\u011fi enerjiden daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 elde edemedi. Ama Rossi, kendince bir \u2018gizli sos\u2019 buldu\u011funu iddia ediyor. Ve aleti harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 enerjiden daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretiyor. (Merakl\u0131s\u0131 Rossi\u2019nin aletiyle ilgili ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ara\u015ft\u0131rma ile ilgili makaleye buradan ula\u015fabilir: http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1305.3913<\/a> ) Belki de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n enerji sorunu bir g\u00fcnde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr bile\u2026 Bekleyelim, g\u00f6relim\u2026<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn yumurtalar\u0131 asl\u0131nda ayn\u0131 sepette duruyor. Her \u015feyimizi ama her \u015feyimizi, refah\u0131m\u0131zdan konforumuza, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n gelece\u011finden kendi bug\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar her \u015feyimizi enerjiye, enerji […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13037,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,43],"tags":[6889,6886,63,67,165,13,6887,21,88,6888,842],"views":867,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13036"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13036"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13039,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13036\/revisions\/13039"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}