{"id":12933,"date":"2013-07-10T22:10:24","date_gmt":"2013-07-10T19:10:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=12933"},"modified":"2013-07-10T22:13:11","modified_gmt":"2013-07-10T19:13:11","slug":"yuzde-20-daha-ucuza-gaz-alabiliriz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/yuzde-20-daha-ucuza-gaz-alabiliriz\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) Y\u00fczde 20 Daha Ucuza Gaz Alabiliriz…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

Avrupa\u2019da do\u011falgaz\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131, petrol fiyat\u0131na endeksli uzun vadeli kontratlar yerine y\u00fczde 15 ila 22 aras\u0131nda avantaj sa\u011flayan spot piyasa fiyatlar\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131yor. H\u00fcrriyet Gazetesi\u2019nden Merve Erdil\u2019in haberine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Rusya gibi \u00fclkelerle uzun vadeli kontratlar yerine, bu y\u00f6ntemi kullanmas\u0131 fiyatlarda y\u00fczde 22\u2019ye varan oranlarda indirim sa\u011flayabilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Son y\u0131llarda do\u011falgaz konusunda en dikkat \u00e7eken ifadelerden biri de \u2018Avrupa\u2019daki fiyatlar, ABD\u2019den be\u015f kat fazla\u2019 oldu. Ham petrol ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr gibi enerji emtialar\u0131ndaki daha s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 fiyat aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, do\u011falgazda b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131 fiyat makas\u0131 giderek a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00dclkeler ucuz do\u011falgaz i\u00e7in yeni aray\u0131\u015flara y\u00f6nelirken, art\u0131k petrol fiyatlar\u0131na endeksli, 15\u201320 y\u0131ll\u0131k kontratlar\u0131n da modas\u0131 ge\u00e7iyor. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedeniyse s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f do\u011falgaz\u0131n (LNG), \u00f6zel gemilerle pek \u00e7ok noktaya ula\u015fabiliyor olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

10 dolardan 100 dolara<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gaz fiyatlar\u0131, 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda geli\u015ftirilen bir y\u00f6ntemle petrol ve petrol \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine endekslendi. Ancak gaz\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak rahatl\u0131kla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir ucundan \u00f6tekine ta\u015f\u0131nabilmesinden bu yana, uzun vadeli kontratlarla, petrole endeksli fiyatla al\u0131nan gaz da giderek cazibesini kaybetti. Baz\u0131 kontratlar imzalan\u0131rken varili 10 dolar olan petrol, bug\u00fcn 100 dolar seviyelerine ula\u015f\u0131rken, \u00f6zellikle ABD\u2019deki kaya gaz\u0131 devrimi nedeniyle gaz\u0131n piyasa fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesi de \u00fclkeleri zararl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Uzmanlar, art\u0131k uzun vadeli kontratlara \u201cpaydos\u201d deme vaktinin yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ya da al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkelerin pazarl\u0131k yaparak, kontratlar\u0131 daha iyi \u015fartlarla yenileyebilece\u011fini savunuyor.<\/p>\n

2020\u2019de 500 BCM LNG<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu konuda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine ba\u015fvurdu\u011fumuz Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131 (IEA) Ba\u015fekonomisti Fatih Birol, 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cKaya gaz\u0131 devrimi ba\u015fl\u0131yor\u201d dediklerinde, d\u00fcnyadaki LNG kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n 230 milyar metrek\u00fcp (bcm) oldu\u011funu, bug\u00fcn ise 350 bcm\u2019e y\u00fckseldi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek, \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu: \u201cTahminimizce 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda LNG kullan\u0131m\u0131 500 bcm\u2019e y\u00fckselecek. Yani 10 y\u0131lda ikiye katlanm\u0131\u015f olacak. 2009\u2019da Avrupa\u2019da\"\"<\/a>ki gaz\u0131n y\u00fczde 73\u2019\u00fc uzun d\u00f6nemli kontratlara ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131. Bu oran \u015fu anda y\u00fczde 51\u2019e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu trend devam edecek. Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n uzun d\u00f6nemli kontratlardan ka\u00e7acaklar\u0131n\u0131 ya da iyile\u015ftireceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Bu da gaz fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekecek.\u201d<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 analistler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu konuda Avrupa\u2019ya g\u00f6re yava\u015f davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve LNG yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 bir an \u00f6nce h\u0131zland\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunuyor. Birol ise T\u00fcrkiye konusunda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u201cBug\u00fcn yapt\u0131\u011fm\u0131z incelemede, petrole endeksli gaz fiyat\u0131 ile spot piyasa fiyat\u0131 aras\u0131nda y\u00fczde 22 fark vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin mevcut kontratlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131 yak\u0131n zaman i\u00e7inde m\u00fczakere edilecek. Bu tart\u0131\u015fmalarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u00fcnya pazarlar\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmelerden gelen r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131 arkas\u0131nda alarak, ciddi indirime gidebilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. \u0130leride LNG\u2019nin \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayaca\u011f\u0131 art\u0131k a\u015fik\u00e2r. T\u00fcrkiye \u015fimdiden altyap\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131rsa, do\u011facak f\u0131rsatlardan \u00e7ok daha kolay yararlanabilir. Bu da evlerde ve sanayide kullan\u0131lan do\u011falgaz\u0131n ucuzlamas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. E\u011fer \u015fu anda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de proje sahibi \u015firketler, LNG konusunda ad\u0131m atarlarsa, t\u00fcm enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne b\u00fcy\u00fck esneklik kazand\u0131r\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin avantaj\u0131 \u2018boru\u2019da<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir enerji yetkilisi ise spot LNG fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n 4\u20135 y\u0131l daha y\u00fcksek seyredece\u011fini belirterek, \u201cBug\u00fcn spota dayal\u0131 kontrat yapmak en az\u0131ndan k\u0131sa vadede bizim i\u00e7in iyi olmayabilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ABD hen\u00fcz kaya gaz\u0131n\u0131 uluslar aras\u0131 piyasalarda gaz fiyat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131yor. LNG\u2019ye d\u00f6nmemiz durumunda, yani \u2018Biz art\u0131k boru gaz\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7iyoruz\u2019 fikri, t\u00fcm jeopolitik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc elimizden al\u0131r. Ancak biz, LNG fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n ucuzlamas\u0131 ve rekabetin artmas\u0131 ile boru gaz\u0131n\u0131 daha ucuza al\u0131r\u0131z\u201d diye konu\u015ftu. S\u00f6z konusu yetkili, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bir yandan yeni LNG terminalleri kurarak altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirip, bir yandan da boru fiyat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilece\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcbvansiyon bozuyor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enerji IQ\u2019nun haberine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 34 adet spot LNG ithalat lisans sahibi \u015firket bulunuyor. Biri Bota\u015f\u2019a, di\u011feri de \u00c7olako\u011flu Holding \u015firketlerinden Egegaz\u2019a ait iki LNG terminali bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, i\u00e7 piyasadaki fiyat\u0131n maliyet bazl\u0131 olmamas\u0131 ve s\u00fcbvanse edilmesi nedeniyle spot LNG ithalat\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yap\u0131lam\u0131yor. Kolin \u0130n\u015faat ve Sepil-Dia Holding (Egey\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131) \u015firketleri taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan LNG terminal projeleri de bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Bir dolar bile fark olu\u015fturabilir<\/strong><\/p>\n

ABD\u2019den LNG gemileriyle do\u011falgaz ihracat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flayacak olmas\u0131, fiyatlar\u0131n daha da d\u00fc\u015febilece\u011fi anlam\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yor. Fatih Birol, \u201cABD, iki LNG terminaline izin verdi, bu ikisinden toplam 40 miyar metrek\u00fcpl\u00fck LNG ihracat\u0131 yap\u0131lacak. Bu gaz\u0131n bir miktar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye de gelebilir. Amerikan gaz\u0131n\u0131n gelecek olmas\u0131 ihtimali bile Rusya gibi \u00fclkelerle m\u00fczakerelerde elini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir\u201d diye konu\u015ftu. Bir enerji uzman\u0131, gaz\u0131n hi\u00e7bir zaman bir \u00fclkeden di\u011ferine ayn\u0131 fiyatta olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k maliyetlerinin farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu vurgularken, \u201cAncak bug\u00fcn de\u011feri yakla\u015f\u0131k 270 milyar dolar olan uluslararas\u0131 gaz ticaretinde, bir dolar bile b\u00fcy\u00fck fark yaratabilir\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yol haritas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fatih Birol\u2019a g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin do\u011falgazda yapmas\u0131 gereken \u00fc\u00e7 hamle \u015f\u00f6yle:
\n1- Kaya gaz\u0131 \u00fcretimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na
\ndevam etmek.
\n2- Mevcut kontratlarda iyile\u015ftirmeye gitmek istedi\u011fi zaman elinin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funun fark\u0131nda olarak,
\nfiyat\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekmek.
\n3- LNG altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Enerji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Avrupa\u2019da do\u011falgaz\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131, petrol fiyat\u0131na endeksli uzun vadeli kontratlar yerine y\u00fczde 15 ila 22 aras\u0131nda avantaj sa\u011flayan spot piyasa fiyatlar\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131yor. H\u00fcrriyet Gazetesi\u2019nden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6164,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[46,53],"tags":[1198,1964,92,4218,226,63,67,165,2012,6779,846,6780],"views":334,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12933"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12933"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12936,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12933\/revisions\/12936"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}