{"id":124841,"date":"2020-12-09T14:03:13","date_gmt":"2020-12-09T11:03:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=124841"},"modified":"2020-12-09T16:06:54","modified_gmt":"2020-12-09T13:06:54","slug":"iklim-eylemi-acigini-kapatmak-icin-pandemi-sonrasi-yesil-toparlanma-sart","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/iklim-eylemi-acigini-kapatmak-icin-pandemi-sonrasi-yesil-toparlanma-sart\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) \u0130klim Eylemi A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Kapatmak \u0130\u00e7in Pandemi Sonras\u0131 Ye\u015fil Toparlanma \u015eart"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u00c7evre Program\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (UNEP) yeni raporuna g\u00f6re, pandemi sonras\u0131 ye\u015fil toparlanma, 2030 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 %25\u2019e varan bir oranda azaltabilir. B\u00f6ylece d\u00fcnya, Paris \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda belirlenen k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C ile s\u0131n\u0131rlama hedefine daha da yakla\u015fabilir.<\/h1>\n

UNEP<\/strong>\u2019in 2020 Emisyon A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Raporu<\/strong>‘na g\u00f6re, bu y\u0131l karbondioksit emisyonlar\u0131nda COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe ra\u011fmen d\u00fcnya hala\u00a021’inci<\/strong> y\u00fczy\u0131lda 3\u00b0C<\/strong>\u2019yi a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131na do\u011fru ilerliyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"Di\u011fer yandan h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, pandemi toparlanma s\u00fcreci<\/strong>nin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak iklim eylemine yat\u0131r\u0131m<\/strong> yaparsa ve emisyon azalt\u0131m taahh\u00fctleri<\/strong>ni Kas\u0131m 2021’de emisyon azalt\u0131m taahh\u00fctleri<\/strong>‘da (\u0130sko\u00e7ya) ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek bir sonraki iklim toplant\u0131s\u0131na kadar net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131yla paralel olarak g\u00fc\u00e7lendirirse, emisyonlar\u0131 k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C<\/strong> ile s\u0131n\u0131rlama hedefine uygun d\u00fczeye indirebilirler.<\/p>\n

H\u00fck\u00fcmetler, daha da iddial\u0131 bir hedef belirleyerek k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 1.5\u00b0C<\/strong> ile s\u0131n\u0131rlamaya da katk\u0131da bulunabilir. Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> uyar\u0131nca g\u00fcncellenmi\u015f Ulusal Katk\u0131 Beyanlar\u0131na (Nationally Determined Contributions, NDC)<\/strong>, yeni net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon taahh\u00fctlerini bir an \u00f6nce ekleyip bu taahh\u00fctleri pandemi sonras\u0131 ye\u015fil bir toparlanma plan\u0131<\/strong> ile birlikte h\u0131zl\u0131 ve sa\u011flam faaliyetlerle y\u00fcr\u00fcten h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, bu hedefe ula\u015fabilirler.<\/p>\n

\u0130nger Andersen, UNEP \u0130cra Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc, <\/strong>\u201c2020 y\u0131l\u0131, k\u00fcresel s\u0131cakl\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan<\/strong> kaydedilmi\u015f en s\u0131cak y\u0131llardan biri olma yolunda. Ayn\u0131 zamanda orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, f\u0131rt\u0131nalar<\/strong> ve kurakl\u0131k<\/strong>, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck hasarlara yol a\u00e7maya devam ediyor. Di\u011fer yandan UNEP<\/strong>‘in Emisyon A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Raporu<\/strong>, pandemi sonras\u0131 ye\u015fil toparlanma faaliyetleri sayesinde sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> \u00f6nemli bir oranda azalt\u0131labilece\u011fini ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin yava\u015flat\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri, COVID-19 s\u00fcreci<\/strong>ndeki mali m\u00fcdahalelerinin devam\u0131nda ye\u015fil toparlanma s\u00fcreci<\/strong>ne destek olmaya ve 2021<\/strong>‘de iklime y\u00f6nelik<\/strong> daha iddial\u0131 hedefler belirlemeye \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorum\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

Emisyon A\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 Raporu<\/strong> her y\u0131l, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n 21’inci y\u00fczy\u0131l<\/strong> boyunca k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C’<\/strong>nin alt\u0131nda tutma ve 1,5\u00b0C’ye<\/strong> yak\u0131n seviyelere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme hedefleri ile, \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen emisyon seviyeleri aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 de\u011ferlendiriyor. Rapor, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda arazi kullan\u0131m\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere toplam sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n 59,1 GtCO2e (gigatonluk CO2 e\u015fde\u011feri)<\/strong> ile yeni bir zirveye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. K\u00fcresel sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131<\/strong>, 2010<\/strong> y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri y\u0131lda ortalama %1,4<\/strong>, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck art\u0131\u015f nedeniyle %2,6<\/strong> artt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Salg\u0131n nedeniyle seyahat, end\u00fcstriyel faaliyetler ve elektrik \u00fcretimi<\/strong>nin azalmas\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu olarak 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda karbondioksit emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n %7<\/strong>‘ye varan bir oranda d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Fakat bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, 2050\u2019ye<\/strong> kadar k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmada yaln\u0131zca 0,01\u00b0C<\/strong>\u2019lik bir azalmaya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi \u00f6nlemlerine y\u00f6nelik Ulusal Katk\u0131 Beyanlar\u0131<\/strong> ise yetersiz kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ye\u015fil toparlanma kritik \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u015eu ana kadarki gidi\u015fata ra\u011fmen pandemi sonras\u0131nda hayata ge\u00e7ecek ye\u015fil bir toparlanma s\u00fcreci, COVID-19<\/strong>‘dan \u00f6nce y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan politikalara nazaran, 2030 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen emisyonlar\u0131 % 25<\/strong>‘e varan bir oranda azaltabilir. Ye\u015fil toparlanma, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131nda emisyonlar\u0131<\/strong> \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen 59 GtCO2e<\/strong> yerine 44 GtCO2e<\/strong> seviyesine indirebilir. Bu oran, 3,2\u00b0C<\/strong> k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma riski olu\u015fturan ko\u015fulsuz Ulusal Katk\u0131 Beyanlar\u0131<\/strong>\u2019ndaki emisyon d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f oran\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir farkla geride b\u0131rak\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu etkiye sahip bir ye\u015fil toparlanma s\u00fcreci, % 66<\/strong> olas\u0131l\u0131kla k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C<\/strong>\u2019nin alt\u0131nda tutacak nitelikte olabilece\u011fi gibi, 1,5\u00b0C<\/strong> hedefi i\u00e7in yetersiz kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mali toparlanma s\u00fcrecini ye\u015fil k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in s\u0131f\u0131r emisyonlu teknolojiler<\/strong> ve altyap\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011frudan destek, fosil yak\u0131t te\u015fviklerinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong>, yeni k\u00f6m\u00fcr santralleri<\/strong>nin in\u015fa edilmemesi, do\u011fay\u0131 esas alan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli arazi rehabilitasyonu<\/strong> ve yeniden a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/strong> gibi unsurlar \u00f6ncelikli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rapor, \u015fu ana kadar ye\u015fil bir mali toparlanma s\u00fcrecine y\u00f6nelik faaliyetlerin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor. G20 \u00fcyeleri<\/strong>nin yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rtte biri, harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 –\u00a0gayri safi yurti\u00e7i has\u0131lalar\u0131n\u0131n (GSY\u0130H)<\/strong> en fazla %3<\/strong>‘\u00fc olmak \u00fczere- d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbonlu \u00f6nlemlere<\/strong> ay\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Buna ra\u011fmen \u00fclkeler ye\u015fil politika<\/strong> ve programlar uygulamak<\/strong> i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli f\u0131rsatlara sahip. Rapora g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, COVID-19 s\u00fcreci<\/strong>nde bulunduklar\u0131 mali m\u00fcdahalelerin bir sonraki a\u015famas\u0131nda ye\u015fil politikalara<\/strong> ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lere<\/strong> y\u00f6nelik f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmeli.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca raporda, 21’inci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n 2’inci yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon taahh\u00fcd\u00fc<\/strong>nde bulunan \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 “\u00f6nemli ve cesaret verici bir geli\u015fme”<\/strong> olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Raporun tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarih itibar\u0131yla k\u00fcresel sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n % 51<\/strong>‘inden sorumlu 126<\/strong> \u00fclke, net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon hedefini benimsemi\u015f, benimseyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f veya benimsemeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Fakat bu taahh\u00fctlerin g\u00fcvenilir ve uygulanabilir kalmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir an \u00f6nce k\u0131sa vadeli politika<\/strong> ve eylemlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi<\/strong> ve Ulusal Katk\u0131 Beyanlar\u0131<\/strong>\u2019na yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>\u2019nda g\u00f6sterilmesi planlanan \u00e7aba, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 2\u00b0C<\/strong> ile s\u0131n\u0131rlayacak \u00f6nlemler i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7e, 1,5\u00b0C<\/strong> ile s\u0131n\u0131rlayacak \u00f6nlemler i\u00e7inse en az 5’e katlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcketici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yeniden \u015fekillendirilmesi kritik \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Raporda ayn\u0131 zamanda her y\u0131l belirli sekt\u00f6rlerin emisyon potansiyelleri<\/strong> de inceleniyor. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131<\/strong> raporunda t\u00fcketici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong>na ve deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, havac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6rleri<\/strong>ne yer verildi.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel emisyonlar\u0131n %5<\/strong>\u2019inden sorumlu olan deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> ve havac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6rleri<\/strong>nin incelenmesi \u00f6nem te\u015fkil ediyor. Teknoloji ve operasyonlardaki geli\u015fmeler yak\u0131t verimlili\u011fi<\/strong>ni art\u0131rabilir; fakat bu sekt\u00f6rlere olan talepte \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen art\u0131\u015f, bu geli\u015fmelerin karbonsuzla\u015fma ve net CO2 emisyonunun azalt\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong>nda net olumlu bir etki yaratmayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. Rapora g\u00f6re iki sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn de enerji verimlili\u011fini, fosil yak\u0131tlardan h\u0131zl\u0131 bir uzakla\u015fma s\u00fcreciyle birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Raporun bulgular\u0131na g\u00f6re daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc iklim eylemine giden yol, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r<\/strong> ve bireyler<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan t\u00fcketici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinden ge\u00e7iyor. T\u00fcketime ba\u011fl\u0131 hesaplara g\u00f6re hane t\u00fcketimi<\/strong>, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki emisyonun yakla\u015f\u0131k 3’te 2’sinden sorumlu.<\/p>\n

Birey olarak ise en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorumluluk zengin kesime<\/strong> ait: d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin %1<\/strong>\u2019lik kesimin neden oldu\u011fu emisyon miktar\u0131, en yoksul %50<\/strong>\u2019lik kesimin toplam emisyon miktar\u0131n\u0131n 2 kat\u0131<\/strong>ndan fazlas\u0131na denk geliyor. Bu nedenle s\u00f6z konusu zengin kesimin, Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>\u2019nda belirlenen hedeflere uygun h\u00e2le gelmesi i\u00e7in karbon ayak izleri<\/strong>ni 30 kat<\/strong> azaltmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sa i\u00e7 hatlar u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131<\/strong> yerine demiryolunu tercih etmek<\/strong>, bisiklet<\/strong> ve ortak otomobil kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>na y\u00f6nelik te\u015fvik<\/strong> ve altyap\u0131y\u0131 desteklemek, konutlarda enerji verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmak<\/strong> ve g\u0131da at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 azaltacak<\/strong> \u00f6nlemler almak, karbon t\u00fcketimini azaltmaya<\/strong> y\u00f6nelik yap\u0131labilecek eylemlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u00c7evre Program\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (UNEP) yeni raporuna g\u00f6re, pandemi sonras\u0131 ye\u015fil toparlanma, 2030 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 %25\u2019e varan bir oranda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":124843,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[53,52],"tags":[83276,83275,83280,41814,83277,58103,83279,11933,14569,42002,27449,10368,57125,75986,83278],"views":89,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124841"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124841"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124841\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/124843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124841"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124841"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124841"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}