{"id":118567,"date":"2020-08-13T13:25:53","date_gmt":"2020-08-13T10:25:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=118567"},"modified":"2020-08-13T16:26:38","modified_gmt":"2020-08-13T13:26:38","slug":"18-milyon-kisi-teneffus-ettigi-havayi-bilmiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/18-milyon-kisi-teneffus-ettigi-havayi-bilmiyor\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) 18 Milyon Ki\u015fi Teneff\u00fcs Etti\u011fi Havay\u0131 Bilmiyor!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu, \u2018Kara Rapor 2020: Hava Kirlili\u011fi ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Etkileri\u2019 <\/em>\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Rapor, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 4 y\u0131ll\u0131k hava kirlili\u011fi ve bu kirlilikten kaynaklanan \u00f6nlenebilir can kay\u0131plar\u0131 verilerine odaklan\u0131yor.<\/h1>\n

– 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda 30 ilde<\/strong> ya\u015fayan yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 milyon ki\u015finin<\/strong> y\u0131l boyunca soludu\u011fu havan\u0131n kalitesi<\/strong>ne (PM10<\/strong>) dair yeterli veri yok ve her 5 ilden 1\u2019inde <\/strong>hava kirlili\u011finin sa\u011fl\u0131k etkileri yetersiz veri (PM2.5<\/strong>) nedeniyle hesaplanamad\u0131.<\/p>\n

– 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hava kirlili\u011fi<\/strong>, yeterli veri olan 51 ilin %98\u2019inde D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc \"\"(DS\u00d6)\u2019<\/strong>n\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerinin \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n

– Son d\u00f6rt y\u0131l boyunca<\/strong> d\u00fczenli olarak y\u00fcksek derecede kirli hava soluyan I\u011fd\u0131r, D\u00fczce, Manisa, Bursa, Kahramanmara\u015f, ve Afyon<\/strong>\u2019da hava kirlili\u011fi sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyen kronik bir sorun<\/strong> haline geldi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemleniyor.<\/p>\n

– T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hava kirlili\u011fi D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc<\/strong> k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferine indirilseydi; 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda<\/strong> t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin %7,9\u2019<\/strong>u (31.476 \u00f6l\u00fcm) ve 2018 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin %12,13\u2019<\/strong>\u00fc (45.398 \u00f6l\u00fcm) \u00f6nlenebilirdi.<\/p>\n

– 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri her y\u0131l hava kirlili\u011fi trafik kazalar\u0131n\u0131n 6 kat\u0131ndan fazla <\/strong>\u00f6l\u00fcme sebep oluyor. \u0130stanbul,<\/strong> 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri hava kirlili\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu il.<\/p>\n

\u2018Kara Rapor 2020: Hava Kirlili\u011fi ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Etkileri<\/strong>\u2019 raporuna<\/em> g\u00f6re, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda hava kirlili\u011fi D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferine indirilseydi t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin %7,9\u2019<\/strong>u (31.476 \u00f6l\u00fcm) ve 2018 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki<\/strong> t\u00fcm \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin %12,13\u2019<\/strong>\u00fc (45.398 \u00f6l\u00fcm) \u00f6nlenebilirdi. Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu \u00fcyelerinden Yuva Derne\u011fi temsilcisi Dr. P\u0131nar \u00d6zf\u0131rat<\/strong> \u201cCOVID-19 vir\u00fcs\u00fc pandemisi<\/strong> s\u00fcrecinde, uzun s\u00fcre kirli hava soluyan ki\u015filerde olu\u015fan kronik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n enfeksiyonlara zemin haz\u0131rlayarak ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sa\u011fl\u0131k tehditi olu\u015fturdu\u011funu bir kez daha yak\u0131ndan g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Baz\u0131 illerimizde, 2016\u2019dan beri hava kirlili\u011fi D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerinin 4-6 kat\u0131na kadar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/strong> 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk alt\u0131 ay\u0131nda kapanan k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santraller<\/strong> ve karantina<\/strong> nedeniyle azalan trafik<\/strong> sebebiyle baz\u0131 illerde hava kalitesi iyile\u015fmi\u015f<\/strong> olsa da, yeterli yap\u0131sal \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kirlilik Haziran itibar\u0131yla<\/strong> tekrar artmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

EN FAZLA \u00d6L\u00dcM \u0130STANBUL\u2019DA<\/strong><\/h2>\n

2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan<\/strong> beri hava kirlili\u011fine<\/strong> ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en fazla oldu\u011fu il \u0130stanbul\u2019<\/strong>dur. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda hava kirlili\u011fi nedeniyle en fazla \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn<\/strong> ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk \u00fc\u00e7 il<\/strong> s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u0130stanbul (3.761), \u0130zmir (2.075) ve Manisa (1.680)<\/strong> oldu. \u0130stanbul\u2019da 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama partik\u00fcl madde (PM10) seviyesi iyile\u015fmi\u015f olsa da; y\u0131l boyunca Sultangazi, Mecidiyek\u00f6y, Alibeyk\u00f6y <\/strong>ve Ka\u011f\u0131thane<\/strong> istasyonlar\u0131nda neredeyse 200\u2019den fazla<\/strong> g\u00fcn g\u00fcnl\u00fck limitin \u00fczerinde kirli hava \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u0130l n\u00fcfusuna oranla en \u00e7ok hava kirlili\u011fine<\/strong> ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 il ise I\u011fd\u0131r <\/strong>olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n en kirli havas\u0131na sahip I\u011fd\u0131r<\/strong> ilinde, son \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcrekli y\u00fcksek olan hava kirlili\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm y\u00fczdesi, ilde ya\u015fanan toplam \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin %33,5\u2019ini olu\u015fturarak rekor seviyeye<\/strong> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Raporda, illerdeki k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santraller<\/strong> ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere sanayi tesisleri<\/strong> ve evsel \u0131s\u0131nma ama\u00e7l\u0131 k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle co\u011frafi ko\u015fullar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na kirlili\u011fin ana sebebi oldu\u011fu vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n

YETERL\u0130 VER\u0130 YOK <\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerdeki veriler yetersiz oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda<\/strong> 30 ilde ya\u015fayan yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 milyon ki\u015fi<\/strong> (n\u00fcfusun %21\u2019i) y\u0131l boyunca soludu\u011fu havan\u0131n kalitesi (PM10) konusunda yeterli veriye ula\u015famad\u0131. Toplam 2 milyon 196 bin <\/strong>ki\u015finin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Eski\u015fehir, Mu\u015f, U\u015fak ve \u015e\u0131rnak illerinde<\/strong> hava kirlili\u011fi seviyesi 3 y\u0131ld\u0131r<\/strong> bilinmiyor. Ayr\u0131ca, kanserojen<\/strong> olan ince partik\u00fcl madde (PM2.5)<\/strong> \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131n %90<\/strong> ve \u00fczeri g\u00fcnde yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 60 ilde <\/strong>de yeterli veri bulunmuyor.<\/p>\n

Platform\u2019un Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Uzmanlar\u0131 Derne\u011fi<\/strong> temsilcisi Prof. Dr. \u00c7i\u011fdem \u00c7a\u011flayan<\/strong>, \u201c2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda hava kirlilili\u011fi<\/strong>nin sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerini hesaplamakta \u00e7ok ciddi veri s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131k. Kanserojen<\/strong> bir madde olan ince partik\u00fcl madde (PM2.5) 60 ilde<\/strong> yeterli (y\u0131lda %90 g\u00fcn ve \u00fczeri) \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fcyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda asgari d\u00fczeyde bile veri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in her 5 ilden 1\u2019inde hava kirlili\u011finden kaynaklanan sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerini hesaplayamad\u0131k.<\/strong> Acil olarak hem PM10 istasyonlar\u0131<\/strong>ndaki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131lan g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan veri kalitesinin iyile\u015ftirilmesi, hem de PM2.5 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong> yap\u0131lan istasyon say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve mevzuatta PM2.5<\/strong> i\u00e7in ulusal s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011fer belirlenmesi gerekiyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

HAVA K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 KRON\u0130K B\u0130R SORUN<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Son 4 y\u0131l<\/strong> boyunca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ortalamalar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00fczenli olarak y\u00fcksek derecede kirli hava soluyan I\u011fd\u0131r, D\u00fczce, Manisa, Bursa, Kahramanmara\u015f, ve Afyon<\/strong>\u2019da hava kirlili\u011fi sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeyen kronik bir sorun<\/strong> haline geldi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca, Amasya, Bursa, I\u011fd\u0131r, Manisa<\/strong>\u2019da ya\u015fayanlar da son d\u00f6rt y\u0131ld\u0131r d\u00fczenli olarak y\u0131l\u0131n en az y\u00fczde 68\u2019inde (200 g\u00fcn)<\/strong> mevzuatta belirtilen g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferin \u00fczerinde<\/strong> kirli hava soludu.<\/p>\n

Platform\u2019un Greenpeace Akdeniz temsilcisi \u0130klim ve Enerji Proje Sorumlusu Onur Akg\u00fcl<\/strong>, \u201cSon d\u00f6rt y\u0131ld\u0131r hava kirlili\u011fi riskli derecede y\u00fcksek olan Kahramanmara\u015f<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n Elbistan il\u00e7esinde, iyile\u015ftirme yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenerek tekrar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin verilen Af\u015fin-Elbistan A K\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc Termik Santrali<\/strong>\u2019nden her g\u00fcn siyah dumanlar\u0131n y\u00fckseldi\u011fini g\u00f6steren g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler geliyor. \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>\u2019ndan, \u00e7evre mevzuat\u0131na uyabilmesi i\u00e7in gereken yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 yapmam\u0131\u015f<\/strong> olan bu santrallerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin vermemesini istiyoruz. B\u00f6lgede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan iki k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santralin<\/strong> \u00e7ok yak\u0131n\u0131na alt\u0131 yeni santralin daha in\u015fa edilmesi<\/strong> planlan\u0131yor ve sa\u011fl\u0131k etkileri hesaplanm\u0131yor. Planlanan santrallerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131, \u015fehirdeki hava kalitesini<\/strong> daha da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek, mevcut santrallerin<\/strong> neden oldu\u011fu hava kirlili\u011finden kaynaklanan sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 daha da art\u0131racak\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019N\u0130N EN TEM\u0130Z \u0130LLER\u0130<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yaln\u0131zca Ardahan, Tunceli, Rize, Artvin, Bitlis<\/strong>\u2019te hava kirlili\u011fi 3 y\u0131l<\/strong> \u00fcst \u00fcste en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede <\/strong>\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc. Yine de, bu illerdeki hava kalitesi seviyeleri<\/strong>nin baz\u0131lar\u0131 D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc<\/strong>\u2019n\u00fcn \u00f6nerdi\u011fi k\u0131lavuz de\u011ferlerin \u00fczerindedir.<\/p>\n

HAVA K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 VE GENLER\u0130M\u0130ZE ETK\u0130S\u0130<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Raporda, hava kirlili\u011finin neden oldu\u011fu sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 ile ilgili g\u00fcncel bilgilere de de\u011finildi. Hava kirlili\u011finin genleri etkiledi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Platform<\/strong>\u2019un T\u00fcrk N\u00f6roloji Derne\u011fi<\/strong> temsilcisi Do\u00e7. Dr. Semih Ayta<\/strong>, \u201cHava kirlili\u011finin genlerimiz \u00fczerindeki etkisi, ya\u015fam\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00f6nemlerinde e\u015fit de\u011fildir. Gebelik \u00f6ncesi, anne karn\u0131ndaki d\u00f6nem, erken \u00e7ocukluk ve ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemlerinde<\/strong> partik\u00fcl maddenin etkilerine yatk\u0131nl\u0131k art\u0131yor. \u00c7ocuk hastalarda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, hava kirlili\u011fi<\/strong>nin genlerde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etki sonucu ast\u0131m ataklar\u0131n\u0131 tetikledi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Ayr\u0131ca, yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar partik\u00fcl maddeye maruz kalman\u0131n depresyon gibi mental hastal\u0131klarla<\/strong> da ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir\u2019.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, uzun s\u00fcreli hava kirlili\u011fine<\/strong> maruz kalan ki\u015filerin, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kronik hastal\u0131klar<\/strong> nedeniyle COVID-19<\/strong> gibi vir\u00fcslere yakalanma<\/strong> ve olumsuz etkilenme riski<\/strong>nin daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Havadaki her 10 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3<\/strong>\u2019l\u00fck partik\u00fcl madde (PM10) art\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong>, kalp ve damar sisteminden kaynakl\u0131 sorunlarda %0,7<\/strong> ve solunum yolu kaynakl\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131<\/strong>nda %1,4\u2019l\u00fck<\/strong> bir art\u0131\u015fa neden olabiliyor.<\/p>\n

TEM\u0130Z HAVA SOLUMAK \u0130\u00c7\u0130N \u00d6NER\u0130LER<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Platform, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evrede ya\u015faman\u0131n en temel \u015fartlar\u0131ndan birisi olan hava kalitesini<\/strong> kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak iyile\u015ftirebilmek i\u00e7in yerel, ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde<\/strong> t\u00fcm ilgili ve yetkili kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki belirtilen konularda ad\u0131m atmaya davet ediyor:<\/span><\/p>\n

– T\u00fcm hava kalitesi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm istasyonlar\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n veri kalitesinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

– Kanserojen olan ince partik\u00fcl madde (PM2.5) kirleticisi<\/strong>nin t\u00fcm illerde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve<\/p>\n

– \u0130nce partik\u00fcl madde (PM2.5)<\/strong> i\u00e7in ulusal s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferleri i\u00e7eren mevzuat d\u00fczenlemeleri yap\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

– \u00c7evre yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131 tamamlamam\u0131\u015f k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santrallerin<\/strong> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin verilmemesi,<\/p>\n

– Planlanan sanayi tesisleri<\/strong> i\u00e7in sa\u011fl\u0131k etki de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n

– Halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131 merkeze koyan, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir istihdam<\/strong> ve krizlere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 modeller<\/strong> olu\u015fturmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan ekonomik toparlanma paketleri<\/strong> olu\u015fturulmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Raporun Tamam\u0131na Ula\u015fmak \u0130\u00e7in TIKLAYIN>>><\/a><\/p>\n

Detayl\u0131 Bilgi \u0130\u00e7in:<\/strong>\u00a0https:\/\/www.temizhavahakki.com\/ <\/a>web adresini de ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. Temiz Hava Hakk\u0131 Platformu, \u2018Kara Rapor 2020: Hava Kirlili\u011fi ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Etkileri\u2019 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Rapor, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 4 y\u0131ll\u0131k hava kirlili\u011fi ve bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":118572,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,24649],"tags":[60537,77578,2112,52259,42822,58544,77576,38917,77577,26376,77579,36010],"views":92,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118567"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118567"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118567\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}