{"id":112054,"date":"2020-04-19T00:15:34","date_gmt":"2020-04-18T21:15:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/?p=112054"},"modified":"2020-04-19T00:15:34","modified_gmt":"2020-04-18T21:15:34","slug":"insan-sagliginin-ve-refahinin-temeli-saglikli-doga","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/insan-sagliginin-ve-refahinin-temeli-saglikli-doga\/","title":{"rendered":"(Turkish) \u0130nsan Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve Refah\u0131n\u0131n Temeli: ‘Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 Do\u011fa'"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>

<\/p>\n

WWF (D\u00fcnya Do\u011fay\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131) yeni koronavir\u00fcs pandemisinin do\u011fa tahribat\u0131 ve yaban hayvan\u0131 ticareti ile ilgisini ortaya koyan \u201cDo\u011fan\u0131n Yok Olu\u015fu ve Pandemilerin Y\u00fckseli\u015fi\u2019 adl\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir rapor yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Rapora g\u00f6re; yeni koronavir\u00fcs asl\u0131nda Ebola, AIDS, SARS, ku\u015f gribi ve domuz gribi gibi son y\u0131llarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan hayvan kaynakl\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n son \u00f6rne\u011fi. Bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda do\u011fan\u0131n insan taraf\u0131ndan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin ve yaban hayvan\u0131 ticaretinin etkisi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck. <\/strong><\/h1>\n

D\u00fcnya daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f k\u00fcresel bir salg\u0131nla (pandemi)<\/strong> pen\u00e7ele\u015fiyor. H\u0131zla yay\u0131lan COV\u0130D-19<\/strong>, tarifi zor ac\u0131lara, toplumsal sorunlara ve ekonomik hasarlara neden oluyor. Daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir h\u0131zla yay\u0131lan yeni koronavir\u00fcs asl\u0131nda, Ebola, AIDS, SARS, ku\u015f gribi<\/strong> ve domuz gribi<\/strong> gibi son y\u0131llarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir hastal\u0131klar dizisi<\/strong>nin son halkas\u0131. T\u00fcm bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fi hayvan kaynakl\u0131<\/strong> olmas\u0131. Do\u011fan\u0131n insan taraf\u0131ndan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin<\/strong> yeni \"\"hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki etkenlerden biri oldu\u011funa dair kan\u0131tlar da her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

WWF\u2019in (D\u00fcnya Do\u011fay\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131) \u201cDo\u011fan\u0131n Yok Olu\u015fu ve Pandemilerin Y\u00fckseli\u015fi<\/strong>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 raporu, insan\u0131n, ekosistemler ve biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik \u00fczerindeki etkileri ile baz\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131lara dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Bu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu hen\u00fcz tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f olsa da insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile do\u011fan\u0131n birbiriyle yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkisini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

Rapora g\u00f6re; do\u011fal ekosistemlerin tahrip edilmesi<\/strong> ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, ormans\u0131zla\u015fma, yaban hayvan\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong> veya kontrols\u00fcz ticareti, yabani<\/strong> ve evcil t\u00fcrlerin hijyenik olmayan<\/strong> ko\u015fullarda bir araya getirilmesi ve sat\u0131lmas\u0131, vir\u00fcs gibi patojenlerin<\/strong> yabani ve evcil hayvanlardan insanlara ge\u00e7me ihtimalini y\u00fckseltiyor. Ayr\u0131ca, insan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve demografik fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong> bu risklerin seviyesini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131rken, k\u0131talar aras\u0131 seyahat h\u0131z\u0131<\/strong> pandemilerin hi\u00e7 fark edilmeden yay\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olabiliyor. Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve refah\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in<\/strong> yapmam\u0131z gereken ise, do\u011fay\u0131 ve sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 faydalar\u0131 korumak<\/strong> ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

U\u011fur Bayar: \u2018Do\u011fayla ili\u015fkimizde yeni bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 yapmal\u0131y\u0131z\u2019<\/strong><\/h2>\n

WWF-T\u00fcrkiye (Do\u011fal Hayat\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131) Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 U\u011fur Bayar<\/strong>, \u201cD\u00fcnyay\u0131 sarsan vir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> ba\u015fta insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmak \u00fczere sosyo-ekonomik ya\u015fam<\/strong>\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, insani ili\u015fkilerimizi derinden etkiledi. COV\u0130D-19<\/strong>\u2019la birlikte, bug\u00fcne kadar al\u0131\u015fk\u0131n oldu\u011fumuz g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam pratiklerimiz, ileti\u015fim \u015fekillerimiz, \u00f6nceliklerimiz de\u011fi\u015fti. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n her k\u00f6\u015fesinde ve toplumun t\u00fcm kesimlerinde ayn\u0131 kayg\u0131<\/strong> ya\u015fan\u0131yor: Bu krizden nas\u0131l \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131z?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fa tahribat\u0131n\u0131n etkileri<\/strong> konusunda uzmanlar uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r uyar\u0131larda bulunuyordu. \u0130nsanl\u0131k olarak bug\u00fcne kadar kurmu\u015f oldu\u011fumuz, ekonomik, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015fam<\/strong> do\u011fan\u0131n bize sundu\u011fu kaynaklar \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseliyor. Do\u011fa kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemede ataletin bedeli ne yaz\u0131k ki kay\u0131plar\u0131 \u00f6nlemenin maliyetinden<\/strong> \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck.<\/p>\n

Bu krizden dersimizi almal\u0131 ve bu g\u00fcnlerin ileride unutulmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimler yapmal\u0131y\u0131z. COV\u0130D sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te, bireyler, i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131, yerel y\u00f6netimler<\/strong> ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetler<\/strong> olarak do\u011fayla ili\u015fkimizde yeni bir ba\u015flang\u0131ca ihtiya\u00e7 var. \u0130nsan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> ve refah\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvencesi<\/strong>, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir do\u011fa sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir yaban hayat\u0131d\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

Bir hayvan pazar\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lan tehlike<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00d6yle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor ki, COV\u0130D-19 salg\u0131n\u0131<\/strong>, Aral\u0131k 2019’da, \u00c7in’in Hubei eyaletinde yer alan Wuhan<\/strong> \u015fehrindeki b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hayvan pazar\u0131nda<\/strong> ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Peki, bu yeni vir\u00fcsler nereden geliyor?<\/p>\n

Hayvanlar ve insanlar aras\u0131nda vir\u00fcs ge\u00e7i\u015fine yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte de rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda, muhtemelen yarasalardan kaynaklanan bir vir\u00fcs \u00f6nce tek h\u00f6rg\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc develere, daha sonra insanlara bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131’ndaki MERS salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 tetiklemi\u015fti. SARS ise, yine yarasalardan benzer bir vir\u00fcs\u00fcn ge\u00e7ti\u011fi Asya misk kedilerinin (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) <\/em>sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00c7in pazar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

COV\u0130D-19 enfeksiyonu<\/strong>nun kayna\u011f\u0131 ve takip etti\u011fi yol hakk\u0131nda kesin kan\u0131tlara hen\u00fcz sahip olmasak da bu vir\u00fcs\u00fcn canl\u0131 yaban hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve bu hayvanlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli organ ve uzuvlar\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131yla<\/strong> ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 kuvvetle muhtemel. Genellikle yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya kontrols\u00fcz y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bu uygulama, eski ve yeni zoonoz<\/em>lar\u0131 (hayvandan insana ge\u00e7en hastal\u0131klar) yayan ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile sosyal ve ekonomik ya\u015fam\u0131 muazzam \u015fekilde etkileyen pandemi riskini artt\u0131ran bir etken.<\/p>\n

Yeni g\u00f6r\u00fclen hastal\u0131klar\u0131n %60\u2019\u0131 yaban hayvanlar\u0131ndan bula\u015ft\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Son zamanlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm hastal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda, yaban hayat\u0131 k\u00f6kenli zoonozlar<\/strong>, d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik en \u00f6nemli tehditlerden biri. Bug\u00fcne kadar insanlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn hayvanlardan geldi\u011fini belirten rapora g\u00f6re yeni g\u00f6r\u00fclen hastal\u0131klar\u0131n %60’\u0131 yaban hayvanlar\u0131ndan bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumda. Zoonozlar her y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k bir milyar hastal\u0131k vakas\u0131na<\/strong> ve milyonlarca \u00f6l\u00fcme<\/strong> neden olurken, sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, a\u011f\u0131r sosyoekonomik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da beraberinde getiriyor. \u00a0D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131, sadece alt\u0131 zoonotik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>n ekonomik y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn 12 y\u0131lda 80 milyar ABD dolar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> tahmin ediyor. 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015f g\u00f6steren SARS salg\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> yakla\u015f\u0131k 9 bin ki\u015fiyi etkiledi ve k\u00fcresel ekonomiye 30-50 milyar ABD dolarl\u0131k maliyet getirdi.<\/p>\n

At\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken 10 acil ad\u0131m<\/strong><\/h2>\n

WWF-T\u00fcrkiye (Do\u011fal Hayat\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131)<\/strong>\u2019na g\u00f6re, COV\u0130D-19<\/strong> benzeri tehditlerden sak\u0131nmak i\u00e7in acilen at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ad\u0131mlar \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde yaban hayvan\u0131 ticaretinin yasaklanmas\u0131<\/p>\n

2- Yaban hayvan\u0131 pazarlar\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n

3- \u0130nsanlar\u0131n yaban hayvanlar\u0131yla kontrols\u00fcz temas\u0131n\u0131n kesilmesi<\/p>\n

4- Canl\u0131 t\u00fcrleri ve pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n yok olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi, do\u011fal ya\u015fam ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131<\/p>\n

5- Ka\u00e7ak avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sona erdirilmesi, kara avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n salg\u0131n d\u00f6neminde yasaklanmas\u0131 ve salg\u0131n risklerine kar\u015f\u0131 yeniden d\u00fczenlenmesi<\/p>\n

6- Bozulmu\u015f ekosistemlerin restore edilmesi, yeniden kazan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n

7- Yaban hayat\u0131 dostu geleneksel tar\u0131msal uygulamalar\u0131n te\u015fvik edilmesi<\/p>\n

8- COV\u0130D-19 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n te\u015fvik edilmesi, insan\u0131n, do\u011fa \u00fczerindeki zararl\u0131 etkisini art\u0131racak yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n(t\u00fcketim, kirlilik, vs) desteklenmemesi<\/p>\n

9- Ekonomiyi canland\u0131rma planlar\u0131n\u0131n en az %50\u2019sinin enerji verimlili\u011fi, yenilenebilir enerji, elektrikli ula\u015f\u0131m gibi \u00e7evresel olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir yat\u0131r\u0131mlara y\u00f6neltilmesi<\/p>\n

COV\u0130D-19 krizi<\/strong>ndeki kolektif \u00e7aban\u0131n iklim krizi<\/strong> ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek<\/strong> i\u00e7in bireyler, i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131, yerel y\u00f6netimler ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetler<\/strong> d\u00fczeyinde kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve dayan\u0131\u015fma ile y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Turkish. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language. WWF (D\u00fcnya Do\u011fay\u0131 Koruma Vakf\u0131) yeni koronavir\u00fcs pandemisinin do\u011fa tahribat\u0131 ve yaban hayvan\u0131 ticareti ile ilgisini ortaya koyan \u201cDo\u011fan\u0131n Yok Olu\u015fu ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":112057,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[51,53,52],"tags":[70271,60537,67254,68754,12167,70276,70274,70270,52259,70275,68873,70269,70273,70272,40796,69294,57224,70277,70278],"views":309,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112054"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=112054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/112054\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/112057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=112054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=112054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enerjigazetesi.ist\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=112054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}